THE PRODUCTION OF FREE RADICALS IN VIVO FROM THE ACTION OF XENOBIOTICS: THE INITIATION OF AUTOXIDATION OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS BY NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND OZONE

1982 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Pryor ◽  
John W. Lightsey ◽  
Donald G. Prier
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated ω-3 fatty acids inhibit ACE2-controlled SARS-CoV-2 binding and cellular entry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Goc ◽  
Aleksandra Niedzwiecki ◽  
Matthias Rath
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Lipid Compounds

AbstractThe strain SARS-CoV-2, newly emerged in late 2019, has been identified as the cause of COVID-19 and the pandemic declared by WHO in early 2020. Although lipids have been shown to possess antiviral efficacy, little is currently known about lipid compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 binding and entry properties. To address this issue, we screened, overall, 17 polyunsaturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids, as wells as lipid-soluble vitamins. In performing target-based ligand screening utilizing the RBD-SARS-CoV-2 sequence, we observed that polyunsaturated fatty acids most effectively interfere with binding to hACE2, the receptor for SARS-CoV-2. Using a spike protein pseudo-virus, we also found that linolenic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid significantly block the entry of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, eicosapentaenoic acid showed higher efficacy than linolenic acid in reducing activity of TMPRSS2 and cathepsin L proteases, but neither of the fatty acids affected their expression at the protein level. Also, neither reduction of hACE2 activity nor binding to the hACE2 receptor upon treatment with these two fatty acids was observed. Although further in vivo experiments are warranted to validate the current findings, our study provides a new insight into the role of lipids as antiviral compounds against the SARS-CoV-2 strain.

Initiation of the Autoxidation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) by Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide

1980 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Pryor ◽  
Donald G. Prier ◽  
John W. Lightsey ◽  
Daniel F. Church
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide

Total Synthesis of DHA and DPAn-3 non-enzymatic oxylipins

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
alexandre guy ◽  
Jérémy Merad ◽  
Thomas Degrange ◽  
Guillaume Reversat ◽  
Valérie Bultel-Poncé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Structural Variety ◽  
Synthetic Strategy

Oxylipins are formed in-vivo from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A large structural variety of compounds is grouped under the term oxylipins, which differ from their formation mechanism (involving enzymes or not), as well as their chemical structures (cyclopentanes, tetrahydrofurans, hydroxylated-PUFA etc.). All structures of oxylipins are of great biological interests. Directly correlated to oxidative stress phenomenon, non-enzymatic oxylipins are used as systemic and/or specific biomarkers in various pathologies and more especially, they were found to have their own biological properties. Produced in-vivo as a non-separable mixture of isomers, total synthesis is a keystone to answer biological questions. In this work, we described the total synthesis of three non-enzymatic oxylipins derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentanoic acid (DPAn-3) using a unique and convergent synthetic strategy.

The desaturation and elongation of 14C-labelled polyunsaturated fatty acids by pike (Esox lucius L.) in vivo

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. James Henderson ◽  
Moira T. Park ◽  
John R. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
Pike Esox Lucius

scholarly journals n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids abrogate mTORC1/2 signaling and inhibit adrenocortical carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 3514-3522 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUN LIU ◽  
MEINIAN XU ◽  
YONGBIN ZHAO ◽  
CHUNPING AO ◽  
YUKUN WU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Adrenocortical Carcinoma

scholarly journals Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Production of Prostaglandin E2and Nitric Oxide during Experimental Murine Paracoccidioidomycosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Sargi ◽  
M. M. O. Dalalio ◽  
A. G. Moraes ◽  
J. E. L. Visentainer ◽  
D. R. Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Macrophage Activity ◽  
Experimental Paracoccidioidomycosis

There has recently been increased interest in the potential health effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the immune system. Paracoccidioidomycosis is the most important endemic mycosis in Latin America. Macrophages have a fundamental role and act as first line of organism defense. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of n-3 fatty acids on the production of PGE2and NO by mice infected with Pb18 and fed a diet enriched with LNA for 8 weeks. To study the effect of omega-3 fatty acids on macrophage activity during experimental paracoccidioidomycosis, mice were infected with Pb18 and fed a diet supplemented with LNA. PGE2in the serum of animals was analyzed and NO in the supernatants of macrophages cultured and challengedin vitrowith Pb18 was measured. Omega-3 fatty acids seemed to decrease the production of PGE2in vivoin the infected group fed an LNA-supplemented diet during the 4th and 8th weeks of the experiment. At the same time, we observed an increase in synthesis of NO by peritoneal macrophages in this group. Omega-3 fatty acids thus appear to have an immunomodulatory effect in paracoccidioidomycosis.

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