Paraoxonase (PON1) and Detoxication of Nerve Agents

2009 ◽  
pp. 1023-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio G. Costa ◽  
Clement E. Furlong
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents

Evaluating Performance Effects of Low-Level Inhalation Exposure to Nerve Agents in Rats

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond F. Genovese ◽  
◽  
Sara J. Shippee ◽  
Jessica Bonnell ◽  
Bernard J. Benton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Performance Effects

Functionalized Cellulose: PET Polymer Fibers with Zeolites for Detoxification Against Nerve Agents

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satya R Agarwal ◽  
Subramanian Sundarrajan ◽  
Seeram Ramakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Polymer Fibers

Biocatalytic Buffering System for Detoxification of Nerve Agents

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel L. Kaar ◽  
Richard Koepsel ◽  
Alan J. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents

Inhibitors of Cholinesterases in Pharmacology: the Current Trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 1532-1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Pohanka
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Cholinesterase Inhibitors ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Compounds ◽  
Wide Group ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Inhibitors of cholinesterases are a wide group of low molecular weight compounds with a significant role in the current pharmacology. Besides the pharmacological importance, they are also known as toxic compounds like military nerve agents. In the pharmacology, drugs for Alzheimer disease, myasthenia gravis and prophylaxis of poisoning by nerve agents can be mentioned as the relevant applications. Besides this, anti-inflammation and antiphrastic drugs are other pharmacological applications of these inhibitors. This review is focused on a survey of cholinesterase inhibitors with known or expected pharmacological impact and indications of their use. Recent literature with comments is provided here as well.

Catalytic Detoxification of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents by Butyrylcholinesterase-Polymer-Oxime Bioscavengers

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3867-3877
Author(s):  
Libin Zhang ◽  
Hironobu Murata ◽  
Gabriel Amitai ◽  
Paige N. Smith ◽  
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Organophosphorus Nerve Agents

Degradation of Fatal Toxic Nerve Agents on Dry TiO2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Tsyshevsky ◽  
Monica McEntee ◽  
Erin M. Durke ◽  
Christopher Karwacki ◽  
Maija M. Kuklja
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Agents

scholarly journals Catalytic activity and stereoselectivity of engineered phosphotriesterases towards structurally different nerve agents in vitro

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Köhler ◽  
Benjamin Escher ◽  
Laura Job ◽  
Marianne Koller ◽  
Horst Thiermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Nerve Agents ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Ache Inhibition ◽  
Catalytic Activities ◽  
Chiral Lc ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Medical Countermeasures

AbstractHighly toxic organophosphorus nerve agents, especially the extremely stable and persistent V-type agents such as VX, still pose a threat to the human population and require effective medical countermeasures. Engineered mutants of the Brevundimonas diminuta phosphotriesterase (BdPTE) exhibit enhanced catalytic activities and have demonstrated detoxification in animal models, however, substrate specificity and fast plasma clearance limit their medical applicability. To allow better assessment of their substrate profiles, we have thoroughly investigated the catalytic efficacies of five BdPTE mutants with 17 different nerve agents using an AChE inhibition assay. In addition, we studied one BdPTE version that was fused with structurally disordered PAS polypeptides to enable delayed plasma clearance and one bispecific BdPTE with broadened substrate spectrum composed of two functionally distinct subunits connected by a PAS linker. Measured kcat/KM values were as high as 6.5 and 1.5 × 108 M−1 min−1 with G- and V-agents, respectively. Furthermore, the stereoselective degradation of VX enantiomers by the PASylated BdPTE-4 and the bispecific BdPTE-7 were investigated by chiral LC–MS/MS, resulting in a several fold faster hydrolysis of the more toxic P(−) VX stereoisomer compared to P(+) VX. In conclusion, the newly developed enzymes BdPTE-4 and BdPTE-7 have shown high catalytic efficacy towards structurally different nerve agents and stereoselectivity towards the toxic P(−) VX enantiomer in vitro and offer promise for use as bioscavengers in vivo.

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