Objective Measurement of Visual Acuity by Optokinetic Response Determination in Patients With Ocular Diseases

2006 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Joo Shin ◽  
Kyu Hyoung Park ◽  
Jeong-Min Hwang ◽  
Won Ryang Wee ◽  
Jin Hak Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Objective Measurement ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Optokinetic Response ◽  
Response Determination

Establishing an Objective Measurement of Visual Acuity with a Computerised Optokinetic Nystagmus Suppression Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 (04) ◽  
pp. 502-505
Author(s):  
Noemie Schwob ◽  
Anja Palmowski-Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Optokinetic Nystagmus ◽  
Objective Measurement ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Alternative Option ◽  
Snellen Acuity ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Infrared Cameras ◽  
Acuity Test

Abstract Objective Investigating the correlation between subjective and objective VA (visual acuity) elicited with a newly developed computerised optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) suppression test (“SpeedWheel”) in adults. Methods SpeedWheel presented alternating black/white stripes moving horizontally across a LED screen. Seven VA steps were induced with Bangerter filters placed onto spectacle frames. Magnified eye movements were projected from infrared cameras inside the frames and displayed onto a smartphone. Dots whose size increased in logarithmic steps were superimposed to suppress OKN. Suppression of OKN resulted in the SpeedWheel acuity which was then correlated to Snellen acuity as measured with the Freiburg Acuity test. Results 28 eyes from 14 individuals were tested. FrACT-E correlated well to SpeedWheel (r: 0.89; p < 0.001). Snellen acuity was never lower than 0.14 LogMAR of SpeedWheel values. Bangerter filters showed greater mean difference to both methods indicating that this filter is not as predictable as suggested by the filter value. Conclusion SpeedWheel offers a fast (< 80 sec) and reliable alternative option to measure objective VA.

Visual Acuity of Infants with Ocular Diseases

1982 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel G. Jacobson ◽  
Indra Mohindra ◽  
Richard Held
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Ocular Diseases

scholarly journals Practitioners’ opinions on the presentation of ocular pathology and ametropia in patients wearing ready-made reading spectacles

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Phillips ◽  
P. C. Clarke-Farr
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Education Campaign ◽  
Ocular Pathology ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
Perceived Costs

This paper presents the findings of a study to determine optometrists’ opinions on the presentation of ocular pathology and ametropia in patients wearing ready-made reading spectacles. Ninety-seven optometrists completed a questionnaire pertaining to ametropia and ocular diseases among these patients. The questionnaire contained information regarding patient demographics, ocular pathology, ocular ametropia and the regulatory and public health aspects of ready-made readers.Ninety-five percent of respondents stated that they had seen patients with ready-made readers in their practice and 62% of these stated that they had found the presence of ocular pathology in these patients. The pathologies most commonly reported as seen by practitioners were dry eye (86% of practitioners), cataracts (80%) and diabetic retinopathy (54%). In addition, 39% of practitioners reported seeing patients with anisometropia. The majority of practitioners (71%) stated that they sold ready-made readers in their practice. Sixty-three percentof practitioners indicated that they would be prepared to offer a service whereby a reduced consultation fee and a pair of ready-made readers could be incorporated into an indigent “package”. An overwhelming 88% of the practitioners felt that the sale of ready-made readers should be more regulated and 74% of practitioners felt that the Professional Board for Optometry and Dispensing Opticians should be responsible for monitoring their sale. The research suggests that wearers of ready-made readers should be screened for ocular pathology, reduced visual acuity and amblyopia. Current regulations should be tightened and a public awareness education campaign should be initiated. The use of ready-made reading spectacles, in deference to an eye examination by an optometrist, appears to be largely as a result of the perceived costs of pri-vate practice combined with ignorance and apathy

scholarly journals Affordable and effective optokinetic response methods to assess visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in larval to juvenile zebrafish

2022 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Alicia Gómez Sánchez ◽  
Yolanda Álvarez ◽  
Basilio Colligris ◽  
Breandán N. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Data Consistency ◽  
Optokinetic Response ◽  
Early Afternoon ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Functional Vision

The optokinetic response (OKR) is an effective behavioural assay to investigate functional vision in zebrafish. The rapid and widespread use of gene editing, drug screening and environmental modulation technologies has resulted in a broader need for visual neuroscience researchers to access affordable and more sensitive OKR, contrast sensitivity (CS) and visual acuity (VA) assays. Here, we demonstrate how 2D- and 3D-printed, striped patterns or drums coupled with a motorised base and microscope provide a simple, cost-effective but efficient means to assay OKR, CS and VA in larval-juvenile zebrafish. In wild-type, five days post-fertilisation (dpf) zebrafish, the 2D or 3D set-ups of 0.02 cycles per degree (cpd) (standard OKR stimulus) and 100% black-white contrast evoked equivalent responses of 24.2±3.9 or 21.8±3.9 saccades per minute, respectively. Furthermore, although the OKR number was significantly reduced compared to the 0.02 cpd drum (p<0.0001), 0.06 and 0.2 cpd drums elicited equivalent responses with both set-ups. Notably, standard OKRs varied with time of day; peak responses of 29.8±7 saccades per minute occurred in the early afternoon with significantly reduced responses occurring in the early morning or late afternoon (18.5±3 and 18.4±4.5 saccades per minute, respectively). A customised series of 2D printed drums enabled analysis of VA and CS in 5-21 dpf zebrafish. The saccadic frequency in VA assays was inversely proportional to age and spatial frequency and in CS assays was inversely proportional to age and directly proportional to contrast of the stimulus. OKR, VA and CS of zebrafish larvae can be efficiently measured using 2D- or 3D-printed striped drums. For data consistency the luminance of the OKR light source, the time of day when the analysis is performed, and the order of presentation of VA and CS drums must be considered. These simple methods allow effective and more sensitive analysis of functional vision in zebrafish.

Bilateral focal choroidal excavations in a patient with Stargardt disease and ocular toxoplasmosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212093209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco H Ji ◽  
Sayena Jabbehdari ◽  
Natalia F Callaway ◽  
Darius M Moshfeghi
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Ocular Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Ocular Diseases ◽  
Stargardt Disease ◽  
Good Visual Acuity ◽  
Focal Choroidal Excavation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Healthy Eyes

Introduction: Focal choroidal excavation (FCE) is a concavity of the choroid detected on optical coherence tomography (OCT). It is usually idiopathic and the affected eyes are otherwise healthy with near-normal overlying retinal architecture and good visual acuity. Purpose: To report a case of bilateral conforming FCE in the setting of Stargardt disease and inactive ocular toxoplasmosis. Case report: A 20-year-old man with known history of Stargardt disease, healed toxoplasmosis, and high myopia presented to our ophthalmology department for follow-up examination and was found with bilateral FCEs not present in any of his previous examinations. Conclusion: FCEs have been reported in the literature in otherwise healthy eyes as well as a broad spectrum of ocular diseases. The case herein reported Stargardt disease, toxoplasmosis, and high myopia all could potentially contribute to the pathogenesis of these findings. Further studies are needed to define etiologies as well as clinical significance and course of FCEs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document