Cardiac Arrest in Flight: A Retrospective Chart Review of 92 Patients Transported by a Critical Care Air Medical Service

Author(s):  
Kyle R. Danielson ◽  
Anna Condino ◽  
Andrew J. Latimer ◽  
Andrew M. McCoy ◽  
Richard B. Utarnachitt
2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 2315-2319 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hörburger ◽  
Christoph Testori ◽  
Fritz Sterz ◽  
Harald Herkner ◽  
Danica Krizanac ◽  
...  

CJEM ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew Cheung ◽  
Laurie Morrison ◽  
P. Richard Verbeek

ABSTRACT Objective: National survival rates for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests are less than 5%, and substantial resources are associated with transporting cardiac arrest victims to hospital for emergency department (ED) resuscitation. The low overall survival rate and the identification of predictors of unsuccessful resuscitation have opened debate on the “futility” of transporting such patients to the ED. This study compares the costs of prehospital pronouncement of death to the costs of transporting patients to a hospital ED for physician pronouncement. Methods: The study was a retrospective chart review on a matched cohort of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. Patients were included if documentation was adequate and ambulance response time was less than 8 minutes. A cohort of 20 patients pronounced dead in the field were matched to 20 patients pronounced dead in an ED. Cases were matched on 6 evidence-based predictors of unsuccessful resuscitation. Direct medical costs and mean physician and prehospital provider times were compared. Results: The total cost of pronouncement of death in the ED was $45.35 higher than the cost of field pronouncement (p < 0.001). Paramedics spent more time delivering care when death was pronounced in the field (83.3 vs. 55.9 min; p < 0.001). Base hospital physicians spent more time when patients were transported to hospital for ED pronouncement (16.3 vs. 4.3 min; p < 0.001). Total provider time for field pronouncement was 15.5 min longer (p = 0.004), but field pronouncement consumed 12.0 min less physician time. Conclusions: Paramedic pronouncement of death in the field is less costly than transporting patients to hospital for physician pronouncement. Pronouncement in the field requires more paramedic time but less physician time.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Kukreti ◽  
Hani Daoud ◽  
Sundeep S. Bola ◽  
Ram N. Singh ◽  
Paul Atkison ◽  
...  

Objective.To review the critical care course of children receiving orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).Methods.A retrospective chart review of patients admitted to the pediatric critical care following OLT performed in our center between 1988 and 2011.Results.A total of 149 transplants in 145 patients with a median age of 2.7 (IQR 0.9–7) years were analyzed. Mortality in the first 28 days was 8%. The median length of stay (LOS) was 7 (4.0–12.0) days. The median length of mechanical ventilation (MV) was 3 (1.0–6.2) days. Open abdomen, age, and oxygenation index on the 2nd day predicted LOS. Open abdomen, age, amount of blood transfused during surgery, and PRISM III predicted length of MV. 28% of patients had infection and 24% developed acute rejection. In recent group (2000–2011) OLT was performed in younger patients; the risk of infection and acute rejection was reduced and patients required longer LOS and MV compared with old group (1988–1999).Conclusion.The postoperative course of children after OLT is associated with multiple complications. In recent years OLT was performed in younger children; living donors were more common; the rate of postoperative infection and suspected rejection was reduced significantly; however patients required longer MV and LOS in the PCCU.


2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Tai ◽  
Hilary Wu ◽  
Cindy San ◽  
Doson Chua

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong>Background:</strong> For patients with supratherapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) and no evidence of bleeding, the 2012 guidelines of the American College of Chest Physicians discourage administration of vitamin K. At the study hospital, it was observed that vitamin K was frequently prescribed for patients with INR of 4.5 or higher and no bleeding.</p><p><strong>Objectives:</strong> To compare efficacy and safety outcomes between holding warfarin alone and holding warfarin with administration of vitamin K and to compare these outcomes among various doses and routes of vitamin K administration in non–critical care inpatients experiencing supratherapeutic INR without evidence of bleeding.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This single-centre retrospective chart review involved non–critical care inpatients with supratherapeutic INR (4.5–8.9) without evidence of bleeding. The primary outcomes were the change in INR 1 day after implementation of supratherapeutic INR management and the time to reach INR less than 3.0. The secondary outcomes were length of stay, frequency of warfarin resistance, incidence and duration of bridging anticoagulation, incidence of thromboembolism and major bleeding, and death.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Regardless of vitamin K dose, the administration of vitamin K combined with holding warfarin, relative to holding warfarin alone, was associated with a greater INR decrease 1 day after the intervention (mean ± standard deviation –3.2 ± 1.9 versus –0.9 ± 1.0, p &lt; 0.001) and a shorter time to reach INR below 3.0 (1.9 ± 1.0 days versus 2.6 ± 1.4 days, p = 0.003). No statistically significant differences in any other outcomes were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In hospitalized non–critical care patients with INR between 4.5 and 8.9 without evidence of bleeding, the combination of holding warfarin and administering vitamin K was associated with greater and faster decreases in INR than holding warfarin alone. No significant differences were found in clinically important outcomes. The practice of administering vitamin K in this population warrants further study and re-evaluation.</p><p><strong>RÉSUMÉ</strong></p><p><strong>Contexte :</strong> Dans ses lignes directrices de 2012, l’American College of Chest Physicians déconseille l’administration de vitamine K aux patients ayant des résultats de rapport international normalisé (RIN) suprathérapeutiques et ne présentant aucun saignement. À l’hôpital des auteurs, on a remarqué que l’on prescrivait fréquemment de la vitamine K aux patients répondant aux critères ci-dessus.</p><p><strong>Objectifs :</strong> Comparer l’efficacité et l’innocuité entre un simple arrêt de la warfarine et l’arrêt de la warfarine combiné à l’administration de vitamine K, puis comparer ces résultats thérapeutiques selon différentes doses et voies d’administration de la vitamine K chez des patients hospitalisés qui ne sont pas en phase critique, qui ont un RIN suprathérapeutique et qui ne présentent aucun saignement.</p><p><strong>Méthodes :</strong> La présente étude menée dans un seul centre comportait une analyse des dossiers médicaux de patients hospitalisés n’étant pas en phase critique, ayant un RIN suprathérapeutique (4.5–8.9) et ne présentant aucun saignement. Les principaux paramètres d’évaluation étaient le changement du RIN un jour après la mise en oeuvre de mesures pour corriger un RIN suprathérapeutique et le temps nécessaire pour atteindre un RIN de moins de 3,0. Les paramètres d’évaluation secondaires étaient la durée du séjour, la fréquence des cas de résistance à la warfarine, le nombre et la durée des relais anticoagulants, l’incidence des cas de thromboembolie et de saignement important et les cas de décès.</p><p><strong>Résultats :</strong> L’administration de vitamine K, peu importe la dose, combinée à l’arrêt de la warfarine comparativement au simple arrêt de la warfarine était associée à une réduction plus importante du RIN un jour après l’intervention (moyenne ± écart-type –3.2 ± 1,9 contre –0,9 ± 1,0, p &lt; 0,001) et à un plus court délai pour atteindre un RIN de moins de 3,0 (1,9 ± 1,0 jour contre 2,6 ± 1,4 jours, p = 0.003). Aucune différence statistiquement significative n’a été observée pour le reste des paramètres d’évaluation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions :</strong> Chez les patients hospitalisés n’étant pas en phase critique, ayant un RIN entre 4,5 et 8,9 et ne présentant aucun saignement, l’arrêt de la warfarine combiné à l’administration de vitamine K a été associé à une réduction plus rapide et plus importante du RIN que le simple arrêt de la warfarine. On n’a observé aucune différence significative en ce qui touche aux résultats thérapeutiques cliniquement importants. L’administration de vitamine K pour cette population est une pratique qui nécessite de plus amples études et doit être évaluée à nouveau.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Min Lee ◽  
Chia-Ti Wang ◽  
Chien-Chin Hsu ◽  
Kuo-Tai Chen

Abstract Backgroun:This study proposed an algorithm to improve resuscitation outcomes in the emergency department (ED) for patients with traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TOHCA). We also performed a retrospective chart review of patient outcomes before and after implementing the algorithm and sought to define factors that might influence patient outcomes.Methods: In September 2018, we implemented an algorithm for patients with TOHCA. This algorithm rapidly identifies possible causes of TOHCA and recommends appropriate interventions. We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes of all patients with TOHCA during a 5-year period and compared the results before and after the implementation of the algorithm.Results:After this algorithm was implemented, the use of the ED interventions of blood transfusion, placement of a large-bore central venous catheter, and thoracostomy increased significantly. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), hospital admission, and survival rates also increased (before vs. after: ROSC: 23.6% vs. 41.5%, P = 0.035; hospital admission: 18.2% vs. 24.6%, P = 0.394; survival: 0.0% vs. 4.6%, P = 0.107). Admitted patients exhibited a higher end-tidal CO2 level than nonadmitted patients [admitted vs. nonadmitted: 41.5 (33.3–52.0) vs. 12.0 (7.5–18.8), P = 0.001].Conclusion:Our algorithm prioritizes the three major treatable causes of TOHCA: impedance of venous return, hypovolemia, and hypoxia. We found that ROSC, hospital admission, and survival rates increased with the increasing implementation of the ED interventions recommended by the algorithm.


Stroke ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Power ◽  
Frank Bittner ◽  
Patricia Horstman ◽  
Owen Lander ◽  
Thomas Marshall ◽  
...  

Background and Purpose: Target Stroke SM aims to reduce the Door to Needle (DTN) times to 60 minutes or less in eligible ischemic stroke patients. They advocate Emergency Medical Service (EMS) pre-notification, a rapid triage protocol,stroke team notification, and a single call activation system 1 . Prior to February 2013 the Stroke Team averaged 92.8 Stroke Team Activations monthly. This volume placed a burden on the Stroke Team and ancillary departments. DeLuca and colleagues noted a possible criticism of Stroke Code in that patients with symptoms mimicking a stroke may overload the stroke personnel 2. We set out to decrease unnecessary stroke team activations without missing an opportunity to treat an eligible patient. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all Stroke Team Activations between February and July 2012. We identified the volume of cancelled activations, number of patients too late or symptoms too mild, stroke mimics and treatments provided. The Los Angeles Pre-hospital Stroke Scale (LAPSS) was chosen as a screening tool for Medical Command to use with EMS personnel. The Stroke Team Activation time was shortened from 8 to 6 hours from last known well. The Emergency Department physicians had override authority for Activations. The revised Stroke Team Activation Guideline was disseminated in early 2013. To assess the utility of LAPSS as a Stroke Team Activation tool we compared the pre-LAPSS to the post-LAPSS data. A report completed by Medical Command on all requested Stroke Team Activations was also reviewed. Outcomes: A total of 557 patients were reviewed pre-LAPSS and 426 post-LAPSS. In comparison, the updated Stroke Team Activation Guideline resulted in a decrease of stroke team activations by 23.5%. Average DTN times remained under 60 minutes. A higher percent of patients seen were treated with rtPA (8.6% pre vs. 9.9% post). We have not missed the opportunity to treat an eligible stroke patient. Conclusion: A higher percentage of patients can be treated with DTN times under 60 minutes without overburdening the Stroke Team when procedures are in place for optimum specificity to identify those patients who would benefit from rapid team activation and stroke intervention.


2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 371-373
Author(s):  
John Glasheen ◽  
Jeff Hooper ◽  
Andrew Donohue ◽  
Bronwyn Murray-Smith ◽  
Emmeline Finn

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