Effect of ammonia treatment on physical strength of rice straw, distribution of straw particles and particle-associated bacteria in sheep rumen

2004 ◽  
Vol 115 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S.M Selim ◽  
J Pan ◽  
T Takano ◽  
T Suzuki ◽  
S Koike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Sheep Rumen

The effect of method of urea-ammonia treatment on the subsequent utilization of rice straw by cross bred bull calves

1984 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-203
Author(s):  
V.R. Kumarasuntharam ◽  
M.C.N. Jayasuriya ◽  
H.B. Perdok
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Bull Calves

Rumen degradation of straw 9. Effect of cellulase and ammonia treatment on different varieties of rice straws and their botanical fractions

1990 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Nakashima ◽  
E. R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fibre ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre

ABSTRACTThe composition and degradability of four varieties of rice straw were examined. The varieties were tall or short and early or late maturing. The straws and their botanical parts (leaf blade plus leaf sheath, internode, node and chaff) varied in acid-detergent fibre, ash and silica contents, but not in nitrogen and neutral-detergent fibre. There were some trends but no significant difference in proportions of parts between varieties. Milled samples of whole straw and its parts were either untreated, treated with a cellulase preparation plus propionic acid, treated with ammonia, or treated with cellulase then ammonia. Rumen degradability was measured by incubating the samples in polyester bags suspended in the rumen of sheep. The soluble fraction and potential degradability were greater in untreated short and early than in tall and late varieties, but rates of degradation did not vary significantly. Internode was more degradable than leaf. Cellulase and/or ammonia treatments increased the soluble fraction, especially in tall and late varieties, and increased potential degradabiiity except in internode. Degradability correlated positively with ash and silica contents.

scholarly journals Effects of feed intake on composition of sheep rumen contents and their microbial population size

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Rodríguez ◽  
J. González ◽  
M. R. Alvir ◽  
R. Redondo ◽  
C. Cajarville
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Apparent Reduction ◽  
Quadratic Response ◽  
Sheep Rumen ◽  
Microbial N

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of feed intake on the composition of the rumen contents of sheep and on their bacterial densities. Whole rumen contents were sampled after a period of continuous inter-rumen infusion of15NH3from four rumen-cannulated wethers successively fed on a hay–concentrate diet (2:1, / on a DM basis) at two rates of feed intake: 40 and 80 g D/g body weight0·75. Total weight and chemical composition of rumen contents, as well as the distribution by size and chemical composition of particles, were determined. The populations of bacteria associated with the liquid (liquid-associated bacteria, LAB) and solid (solid-associated bacteria, SAB) fractions of rumen digesta and the distribution of SAB according to feed particle size were also examined. The greater feed intake caused an increase in the mass of the rumen contents, while its chemical composition did not change, except for a higher content of organic matter (P=0·023). The distribution of feed particles by size was similar at both levels of intake. The concentrations of neutral- and acid-detergent fibre in feed particles decreased and those of total, dietary, and microbial N increased, both with a quadratic response (P=0·001), as particle size decreased. The proportion of LAB in the microbial biomass of rumen digesta reached only 8·0 %. This proportion and the density of LAB were unaffected by the level of feed intake, whereas an apparent reduction (10·4 %) occurred with the SAB biomass in whole rumen contents. A systematic, but not significant, reduction (mean value 11·9 %) in the level of microbial colonisation in the different particle fractions with the increase of feed intake was also observed.

scholarly journals Effect on rumen microbial populations of ammonia treatment of rice straw forage for steers.

1989 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAJIME MINATO ◽  
SHIGENOBU ISHIZAKI ◽  
YOSHIKAZU ADACHI ◽  
MAKOTO MITSUMORI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Ammonia Treatment

scholarly journals Improving the Nutritive Values of Rice Straw and Rice Hulls by Ammonia Treatment

1975 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Hiroshi ITOH ◽  
Yoshiaki TERASHIMA ◽  
Nobuhito TOHRAI ◽  
Yukio MATSUI
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Rice Hulls ◽  
Nutritive Values

Rumen degradation of straw 3. Botanical fractions of two rice straw varieties and effects of ammonia treatment

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Walli ◽  
E. R. Ørskov ◽  
P. K. Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
Organic Matter Loss ◽  
Whole Plants

ABSTRACTTwo varieties of rice straw, long variety — no. 370 Basmati traditional (L) and short variety — no. PR106 hybrid (S) were separated into botanical fractions giving the proportion of leaf plus leaf sheath, internode, node and chaff (g/kg dry matter) as 633, 247, 83 and 37 for L and 680, 156, 76 and 88 for S, respectively. Samples of whole plants, leaves plus leaf sheaths and internodes were subjected to ammonia treatment. The chemical composition and the rumen degradability of dry matter and organic matter determined by the nylon bag technique were ascertained for treated and untreated samples of whole plants and botanical fractions of plants from both varieties. The ash and silica content were higher in leaf plus leaf sheath, 211 and 102 g/kg for the L and 190 and 67 g/kg for the S, than in internodes, 160 and 29 g/kg for L and 184 and 29 g/kg S, respectively.The potential degradability (a + b) value from the formula p = a + b(−e−ct) for dry-matter loss (DML), organic-matter loss (OML) and degradability of organic matter in dry matter (DOMD) were significantly higher for the S being 622, 659 and 544 g/kg, than for the L being 561, 586 and 500 g/kg, respectively (P < 0·01). The degradation rate too was significantly higher for the S than for the L for DML, OML and DOMD (P < 0·01). The ammonia treatment significantly improved the potential degradability for DML, OML and DOMD for both the varieties and their fractions (P < 0·01).

scholarly journals Rumen digestion of rice straw structural polysaccharides: effect of ammonia treatment and lucerne extract supplementation in vitro

animal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 1642-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Agbagla-Dohnani ◽  
A. Cornu ◽  
L.P. Broudiscou
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Ammonia Treatment
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