Antimicrobial potential of irrigants based on essential oils of Cymbopogon martinii and Thymus zygis towards in vitro multispecies biofilm cultured in ex vivo root canals

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 104842
Author(s):  
Jelena Marinković ◽  
Dragana Mitić Ćulafić ◽  
Biljana Nikolić ◽  
Stefana Đukanović ◽  
Tatjana Marković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Multispecies Biofilm ◽  
Thymus Zygis ◽  
Cymbopogon Martinii

scholarly journals Bacteriophages to Control Multi-Drug Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Infection of Dental Root Canals

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Telbany ◽  
Gamal El-Didamony ◽  
Ahmed Askora ◽  
Eman Ariny ◽  
Dalia Abdallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Phage Therapy ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Burst Size ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Range Analysis ◽  
Root Canals

Phage therapy is an alternative treatment to antibiotics that can overcome multi-drug resistant bacteria. In this study, we aimed to isolate and characterize lytic bacteriophages targeted against Enterococcus faecalis isolated from root canal infections obtained from clinics at the Faculty of Dentistry, Ismalia, Egypt. Bacteriophage, vB_ZEFP, was isolated from concentrated wastewater collected from hospital sewage. Morphological and genomic analysis revealed that the phage belongs to the Podoviridae family with a linear double-stranded DNA genome, consisting of 18,454, with a G + C content of 32.8%. Host range analysis revealed the phage could infect 10 of 13 E. faecalis isolates exhibiting a range of antibiotic resistances recovered from infected root canals with efficiency of plating values above 0.5. One-step growth curves of this phage showed that it has a burst size of 110 PFU per infected cell, with a latent period of 10 min. The lytic activity of this phage against E. faecalis biofilms showed that the phage was able to control the growth of E. faecalis in vitro. Phage vB_ZEFP could also prevent ex-vivo E. faecalis root canal infection. These results suggest that phage vB_ZEFP has potential for application in phage therapy and specifically in the prevention of infection after root canal treatment.

scholarly journals Ex vivo model for studying polymicrobial biofilm formation in root canals

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Díez Ortega ◽  
Francisco Correa Toral ◽  
Leylin Delgado Hernández ◽  
Carolina Echavarría González ◽  
Fátima Serna Varona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
Formation Conditions ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Co2 Atmosphere

Endodontic disease has mainly a microbial origin. It is caused by biofilms capable of attaching and surviving in the root canal. Therefore, it is important to study the conditions in which those biofilms grow, develop and colonize the root canal system. However, few studies have used natural teeth as models, which would take into account the root canal anatomical complexity and simulate the clinical reality. In this study, we used human premolar root canals to standardize <em>in vitro</em> biofilm optimal formation conditions for microorganisms such as <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em>. 128 lower premolars underwent canal preparation using K-type files, and were treated with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and EDTA. Samples were inoculated with microorganisms and incubated for 15, 30, 45, and 60 days under anaerobiosis (CO2 atmosphere) and aerobiosis. Microorganism presence was confirmed by Gram staining, cell culture, and electron microscopy. Exopolysaccharide matrix and microorganism aggregation were observed following 15 days of incubation. Bacterial growth towards the apical third of the root canal and biofilm maturation was detected after 30 days. CO2 atmosphere favored microbial growth the most. <em>In vitro</em> biofilm maturation was confirmed after 30 days of incubation under a CO2 atmosphere for both bacteria and yeast.

Formulation and Ex-vivo Evaluation of Transdermal Patches of Glipizide using the Penetration Enhancer Buchanania- Lanzan (Spreng) Seed Oil

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 2768-2774
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Singh ◽  
Sunil B Bothara ◽  
D. Roshan Patel ◽  
Mahobia K Naveen
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Penetration Enhancers ◽  
Permeation Enhancement ◽  
Dsc Studies ◽  
Transdermal Patches ◽  
Effective Stability

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the permeation enhancement properties of Buchanania lanzan spreng seed oil. Ethyl cellulose transdermal patches of Glipizide using some essential oils as penetration enhancers were developed. Effect of drug loading and penetration enhancers on the in vitro permeation of drug through rat skin was investigated. Incorporation of essential oils enhanced the moisture content, moisture uptake capacity and permeation of Glipizide across skin barriers. Among the penetration enhancers used, Buchanania lanzan spreng seed oil found to be most effective. Stability as well FTIR and DSC studies did not show any Interaction/degradation of the drug. It was concluded that stable and effective Glipizide transdermal patches can be prepared using essential oils as penetration enhancers. Further it was also concludes that the seed oil can be used in permeation enhancement of various types of tropical preparation.  

Persistence of dead-cell bacterial DNA in ex vivo root canals and influence of nucleases on DNA decay in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Brundin ◽  
David Figdor ◽  
Chrissie Roth ◽  
John K. Davies ◽  
Göran Sundqvist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dead Cell ◽  
Bacterial Dna ◽  
Root Canals

scholarly journals Preliminary Assessment of the Mucosal Toxicity of Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Essential Oils on Novel Porcine Uterus Models

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Bertocchi ◽  
Antonella Rigillo ◽  
Alberto Elmi ◽  
Domenico Ventrella ◽  
Camilla Aniballi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Ex Vivo Model ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Vitro Model

Antimicrobial resistance, an ever-growing global crisis, is strongly linked to the swine production industry. In previous studies, Melaleuca alternifolia and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils have been evaluated for toxicity on porcine spermatozoa and for antimicrobial capabilities in artificial insemination doses, with the future perspective of their use as antibiotic alternatives. The aim of the present research was to develop and validate in vitro and ex vivo models of porcine uterine mucosa for the evaluation of mucosal toxicity of essential oils. The in vitro model assessed the toxicity of a wider range of concentrations of both essential oils (from 0.2 to 500 mg/mL) on sections of uterine tissue, while the ex vivo model was achieved by filling the uterine horns. The damage induced by the oils was assessed by Evans Blue (EB) permeability assay and histologically. The expression of ZO-1, a protein involved in the composition of tight junctions, was assessed through immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence analysis. The results showed that low concentrations (0.2–0.4 mg/mL) of both essential oils, already identified as non-spermicidal but still antimicrobial, did not alter the structure and permeability of the swine uterine mucosa. Overall, these findings strengthen the hypothesis of a safe use of essential oils in inseminating doses of boar to replace antibiotics.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of the antimicrobial potential of different intra-canal medication to microorganisms present in the failure of the endodontic therapy: In vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Marília Alves
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Antimicrobial Potential ◽  
Mechanical Preparation ◽  
Petri Plate ◽  
Micro Organisms

Microorganisms that infect the root canals system are the main etiologic factor of the periapical pathologies. Some microorganisms are resistant to the antimicrobial treatment and may survive in the root canal after the chemical mechanical preparation and intra-canal medication, characterizing a persistent infection. In cases of failure of the endodontic treatment, a new approach may be done using additional measures that involve this infectious process control through the elimination or maximum reduction of microorganisms. Therefore, this article aims to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different formulations of intra-canal medication compared to strains of Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in Petri plates. It was used diffusion test in agar where each Petri plate with the inoculated bacteria presented 5 wells that were filled with each medication. The diameters of the bacterial inhibition zones were measured and registered to each tested medication at the period of 24 hours, 48 hours, 1 week and 2 weeks. All the medications promoted inhibition halos; however, a higher elimination of micro-organisms can be significantly achieved through the association of different substances in the formulation of an intra-canal medication, with emphasis to HPG and Ca(OH)2 + CHX.

In Vivo Acute Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Essential Oils: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Groli Lucca ◽  
Pedro Roosevelt Torres Romão ◽  
Márcia Vignoli-Silva ◽  
Valdir F. da Veiga-Junior ◽  
Letícia S. Koester
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

: In recent years, there was a significant increase in the search for new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In this sense, natural products emerge as a potential source for the discovery of new drugs, with the research of the pharmacological properties of these products being very important. In addition to its function in plants (insect attraction and repellency), essential oils present pharmacological effects, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimutagenic, antiviral, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, we describe the mostly used in vivo acute inflammatory experimental models and the studies showing the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils. Essential oil from species from the Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Burseraceae, Boraginaceae, Cupressaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Lauraceae, Myrtaceae, Piperaceae, Poaceae, Rutaceae, Verbenaceae and Zingiberaceae families were described as being anti-inflammatory in vivo. Five models of acute inflammation are commonly used to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity in vivo: ear and paw edema, pleurisy, peritonitis and the subcutaneous air pouch model. In addition to in vivo analysis, ex vivo and in vitro experiments are carried out to study the anti-inflammatory action of essential oils. The most commonly used model was paw edema, especially due to this model being easy to perform. In order to suggest or elucidate the mechanisms involved in the anti-inflammatory effect, many studies measured some inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, COX-2 expression and the levels of PGE2, and NO, or evaluated the effect of essential oils or their major compounds on inflammation response directly induced by inflammatory mediators.

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