Subchronic use of rivastigmine increases procognitive flexibility across multimodal behavioral tasks in healthy male rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 376 ◽  
pp. 112077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Hormigo ◽  
Alberto Rodriguez-Lorenzana ◽  
E. Castro-Salazar ◽  
Lymarie Millian-Morell ◽  
Dolores E. López
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Behavioral Tasks

The Effect of Sodium Nitrite on Experimental Animals

1942 ◽  
Vol 6a (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. A. Tarr ◽  
N. M. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Subcutaneous Route ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Healthy Female

Incorporation of sodium nitrite in the diet of cats and white rats on the basis of an average sized man consuming 1 lb. (454 g.) of fish containing 0.2 per cent (908 mg.) of this salt daily for six days each week does not appear to affect their growth rate nor the development (weight) of their thyroid, heart, lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys or adrenals. The fecundity of white rats as judged by their ability to breed and raise normal litters is apparently not affected thereby. The lethal dose of sodium nitrite by oral route is about 1.1 to 2.0 g./kg. for healthy male rats, 0.46 to 1.2 g./kg. for healthy female rats and 0.073 g./kg. for cats (one animal). The lethal dose by subcutaneous route is about 0.19 to 0.20 g./kg. for healthy male rats and 0.057 to 0.13 g./kg. for healthy female rats.

Vagus nerve stimulation induced cognitive enhancement: Hippocampal neuroplasticity in healthy male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1703-1704
Author(s):  
Laura Olsen ◽  
Raquel Moore ◽  
Naomi Bechmann ◽  
Sylvia Cunningham ◽  
Victoria Ethridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Vagus Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Cognitive Enhancement ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Healthy Male

Effects of Anti-erectile Dysfunction Drug on some Key Tissues in Healthy Male Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Akintunde ◽  
J.A. Ajiboye ◽  
E.O. Siemuri ◽  
S.B. Oyelowo ◽  
O.J. Sunday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction Drug

scholarly journals The effects of methylphenidate on cognitive performance of healthy male rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L. Rostron ◽  
Elise Kaplan ◽  
Victoria Gaeta ◽  
Rachel Nigriello ◽  
Eleanor J. Dommett
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Healthy Male

scholarly journals SUBACUTE TOXICITY TEST OF Rhizophora apiculata BARK EXTRACT ON LIVER AND PANCREAS HISTOPATHOLOGY OF RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Syazili Mustofa ◽  
Isnamurti Ciptaningrum ◽  
Caesaria Sinta Zuya
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Subacute Toxicity ◽  
Rhizophora Apiculata ◽  
Liver And Pancreas

Background: Rhizophora apiculata, one of the mangrove plant widely spread in Indonesia, can be developed as a medicinal plant. The extract of the bark has been found to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. However, the toxicity of Rhizophora apiculata has not been established yet.Objective: This research aims to evaluate the toxicity of ethanolic extract of Rhizophora apiculata bark on histopathological changes in rat’s liver and pancreas.Methods: Subacute toxicity study of the ethanol extract of Rhizophora apiculata bark was performed in healthy male rats by administering the extract at doses of 57, 114, 228, 456, and 918 mg/kg of body weight daily for 28 days. The subacute toxicity in rats was determined by histological analyses.Results: No significant adverse effect of the extract at dose 57 mg/kg was found. However at and over 114 mg/kg dose of the extract exhibited toxicities to the rats’ liver. In addition, the toxic effect appeared in rats’ pancreas at and over 228 mg/kg dose.Conclusions: Rhizophora apiculata bark extract showed no toxicity at or below 57 mg/kg. The ethanol extract from bark of Rhizophora apiculata showed toxicity at 114 mg/kg by subchronic toxicity.

423. Effects of Eurycoma longifolia Jack on spermatogenesis and sperm counts of male rats treated with oestradiol

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
A. Norhazlina ◽  
A. Wan Nurul Heriza ◽  
M. Norfilza ◽  
P. Moratv
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Spermatogenic Cell ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Sperm Counts

Eurycoma longifolia has been known for its aphrodisiac effects in male. Our previous study showed that with the dosage of 8 mg/kg bodyweight (BW) Eurycoma longifolia root extract increased plasma total testosterone levels in male rats when given for 14 days. Oestrogen is a potent inhibitor for testosterone production and spermatogenesis. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of Eurycoma longifolia (8 mg/kg BW) on the spermatogenic cell count and sperm count of testosterone-suppressed male rats. Adult male Sprague-Dawley healthy male rats weighed 200–250 g were treated with, either control vehicle (no active ingredients given), oestradiol (500 mg/kg BW), Eurycoma longifolia (8 mg/kg BW) or combination of Eurycoma longifolia and oestradiol for fourteen consecutive days. Results showed that sperm count and spermatogenic cell count were increased in Eurycoma longifolia treated group compared with control group (P < 0.05) and to oestradiol treated group (P < 0.05). While in oestradiol treated group, sperm count and spermatogenic cell count were reduced significantly (P < 0.05) compared with control group. Combination of Eurycoma longifolia and oestradiol did not affect sperm count and spermatogenic cell count when compared with control group but they were significantly increased compared with oestradiol treated group (P < 0.05). Thus, the study has shown that Eurycoma longifolia is potentially capable to suppress harmful effects of oestradiol on spermatogenesis and sperm counts in healthy male rats when given for fourteen consecutive days.

Somatostatin Receptor Antagonism Reverses Glucagon Counterregulatory Failure in Recurrently Hypoglycemic Male Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 162 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily G Hoffman ◽  
Mahsa Jahangiriesmaili ◽  
Erin R Mandel ◽  
Caylee Greenberg ◽  
Julian Aiken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Acute Hypoglycemia ◽  
Recurrent Hypoglycemia

Abstract Recent antecedent hypoglycemia is a known source of defective glucose counter-regulation in diabetes; the mechanisms perpetuating the cycle of progressive α-cell failure and recurrent hypoglycemia remain unknown. Somatostatin has been shown to suppress the glucagon response to acute hypoglycemia in rodent models of type 1 diabetes. We hypothesized that somatostatin receptor 2 antagonism (SSTR2a) would restore glucagon counterregulation and delay the onset of insulin-induced hypoglycemia in recurrently hypoglycemic, nondiabetic male rats. Healthy, male, Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 39) received bolus injections of insulin (10 U/kg, 8 U/kg, 5 U/kg) on 3 consecutive days to induce hypoglycemia. On day 4, animals were then treated with SSTR2a (10 mg/kg; n = 17) or vehicle (n = 12) 1 hour prior to the induction of hypoglycemia using insulin (5 U/kg). Plasma glucagon level during hypoglycemia was ~30% lower on day 3 (150 ± 75 pg/mL; P &lt; .01), and 68% lower on day 4 in the vehicle group (70 ± 52 pg/mL; P &lt; .001) compared with day 1 (219 ± 99 pg/mL). On day 4, SSTR2a prolonged euglycemia by 25 ± 5 minutes (P &lt; .05) and restored the plasma glucagon response to hypoglycemia. Hepatic glycogen content of SSTR2a-treated rats was 35% lower than vehicle controls after hypoglycemia induction on day 4 (vehicle: 20 ± 7.0 vs SSTR2a: 13 ± 4.4 µmol/g; P &lt; .01). SSTR2a treatment reverses the cumulative glucagon deficit resulting from 3 days of antecedent hypoglycemia in healthy rats. This reversal is associated with decreased hepatic glycogen content and delayed time to hypoglycemic onset. We conclude that recurrent hypoglycemia produces glucagon counterregulatory deficiency in healthy male rats, which can be improved by SSTR2a.

Synergistic effects of citrulline supplementation and exercise on performance in male rats: evidence for implication of protein and energy metabolisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (8) ◽  
pp. 775-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Goron ◽  
Frédéric Lamarche ◽  
Valérie Cunin ◽  
Hervé Dubouchaud ◽  
Christophe Hourdé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Muscle Protein Metabolism

Background: Exercise and citrulline (CIT) are both regulators of muscle protein metabolism. However, the combination of both has been under-studied yet may have synergistic effects on muscle metabolism and performance. Methods: Three-month-old healthy male rats were randomly assigned to be fed ad libitum for 4 weeks with either a citrulline-enriched diet (1 g·kg−1·day−1) (CIT) or an isonitrogenous standard diet (by addition of nonessential amino acid) (Ctrl) and trained (running on treadmill 5 days·week−1) (ex) or not. Maximal endurance activity and body composition were assessed, and muscle protein metabolism (protein synthesis, proteomic approach) and energy metabolism [energy expenditure, mitochondrial metabolism] were explored. Results: Body composition was affected by exercise but not by CIT supplementation. Endurance training was associated with a higher maximal endurance capacity than sedentary groups (P<0.001), and running time was 14% higher in the CITex group than the Ctrlex group (139±4 min versus 122±6 min, P<0.05). Both endurance training and CIT supplementation alone increased muscle protein synthesis (by +27% and +33%, respectively, versus Ctrl, P<0.05) with an additive effect (+48% versus Ctrl, P<0.05). Mitochondrial metabolism was modulated by exercise but not directly by CIT supplementation. However, the proteomic approach demonstrated that CIT supplementation was able to affect energy metabolism, probably due to activation of pathways generating acetyl-CoA. Conclusion: CIT supplementation and endurance training in healthy male rats modulates both muscle protein and energy metabolisms, with synergic effects on an array of parameters, including performance and protein synthesis.

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