Timeout from a high-force requirement as a reinforcer: An effective procedure for human operant research

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme Alessandri ◽  
Vinca Rivière
Keyword(s):  
Effective Procedure ◽  
Force Requirement ◽  
Human Operant ◽  
Human Operant Research

Differential Reinforcement of Low Rate Schedules Reduce Severe Problem Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. Bonner ◽  
John C. Borrero
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Classroom Behavior ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Human Operant ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Human Operant Research ◽  
Severe Problem Behavior ◽  
Low Rate

Differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) schedules are reinforcement contingencies designed to reduce response rates. A common variation of the DRL arrangement is known as full-session DRL ( f-DRL), in which a reinforcer is presented at the end of an interval if the response rate during that interval is below a predetermined criterion. Prior human operant research involving arbitrary mouse clicks has shown that the f-DRL is likely to reduce target responding to near zero rates. Similarly, applied research has shown that the f-DRL is likely to reduce minimally disruptive classroom behavior. There are, however, relatively few successful applications of the f-DRL to severe forms of problem behavior (e.g., self-injurious behavior). Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of f-DRL on the severe problem behavior of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. For four participants, the f-DRL reduced severe problem behavior by clinically significant levels. Furthermore, results of a contingency strength analysis showed a strong negative contingency strength between target responding and reinforcer delivery for all participants.

New Directions in Human Operant Research

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 846-847
Author(s):  
F. Charles Mace
Keyword(s):  
Human Operant ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Human Operant Research

Human operant chaining: Preliminary report

1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Lloyd ◽  
Joseph Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Human Operant

Total Synthesis of (+)-Granatumine A and Related Bislactone Limonoid Alkaloids via a Pyran to Pyridine Interconversion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Newhouse ◽  
Alexander Schuppe ◽  
Yizhou Zhao ◽  
Yannan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Knoevenagel Condensation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Procedure ◽  
Direct Transformation ◽  
Structural Revision ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Ptp 1B

We report the first total synthesis of (+)-granatumine A, a limonoid alkaloid with PTP-1B inhibitory activity, in 10 steps. Over the course of this study, two key methodological advances were made: a cost effective procedure for ketone alpha,beta-dehydrogenation using allyl-Pd catalysis, and a Pd-catalyzed protocol to convert epoxyketones to 1,3-diketones. The central tetrasubstituted pyridine is formed by a convergent Knoevenagel condensation and carbonyl-selective electrocyclization cascade, which was followed by a direct transformation of a 2<i>H</i>-pyran to a pyridine. These studies have led to the structural revision of two members of this family.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document