The anatomical variation between recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior thyroid artery among different racial groups who underwent thyroid and parathyroid surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. S51 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.P. Carter ◽  
J. Collier ◽  
L. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Parathyroid Surgery

scholarly journals Anatomical Variation of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve with Inferior Thyroid Artery: A Cross Sectional Study in Bangladeshi People

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Md Rabiul Islam ◽  
Tahmina Begum ◽  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Md Moshabbirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Right

Background: Recurrent laryngeal nerve is varied anatomically with inferior thyroid artery. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the anatomical variation of recurrent laryngeal nerve with inferior thyroid artery among Bangladeshi people. Methodology: This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck surgery at Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh from January 2004 to December 2004 for a period of one (01) year. Patients whose recurrent laryngeal nerve was identified during thyroidectomy due to various pathological conditions of thyroid gland were selected as group I. Again, the dead body which were undergone dissection were designated as group II. All the patients whose recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior thyroid artery were identified during total, near total, sub-total, hemithyroidectomised or lobectomised were included in this study. Result: A total number of 32 patients were recruited for this study. On the left side nerve was found anteriorly in 2(10.53%), in between in 4(21.05%) and posteriorly in 13(68.42%). On the right side-nerve was found anteriorly in 7(30.43%), in between in 6(26.09%) and posteriorly in 10(43.48%). In this series nerve was seen posterior relation more than other two relations and anterior relation more on right side whereas posterior relation on left side, anterior relation more than in between relation on right side but reverse on left side. In group II On the left side nerve was found anteriorly in 2(6.25%), in between in 6(18.75%) and posteriorly in 24(75%). On the right side-nerve was found anteriorly in 8(25%), in between in 9(28.12%), and posteriorly in 10(46.88%). Conclusion: In conclusion each recurrent laryngeal nerve lies posterior to the inferior thyroid artery in the majority of the occasions whereas the nerve lies anterior to the branches of the inferior thyroid artery less commonly except right side of both study group. Journal of Science Foundation, January 2020;18(1):7-12

scholarly journals Electrophysiologic recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid and parathyroid surgery: International standards guideline statement

2010 ◽  
Vol 121 (S1) ◽  
pp. S1-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory W. Randolph ◽  
Henning Dralle ◽  
Hisham Abdullah ◽  
Marcin Barczynski ◽  
Rocco Bellantone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Parathyroid Surgery ◽  
Nerve Monitoring ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring

Anterior laryngeal electrodes for recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid and parathyroid surgery: New expanded options for neural monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 128 (12) ◽  
pp. 2910-2915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney Liddy ◽  
Bradley R. Lawson ◽  
Samuel R. Barber ◽  
Dipti Kamani ◽  
Mohamed Shama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Parathyroid Surgery ◽  
Nerve Monitoring ◽  
Neural Monitoring ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring

scholarly journals Anatomical Variations of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve and Implications for Injury Prevention during Surgical Procedures of the Neck

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Alison M. Thomas ◽  
Daniel K. Fahim ◽  
Jickssa M. Gemechu
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
The Right ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Accurate knowledge of anatomical variations of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) provides information to prevent inadvertent intraoperative injury and ultimately guide best clinical and surgical practices. The present study aims to assess the potential anatomical variability of RLN pertaining to its course, branching pattern, and relationship to the inferior thyroid artery, which makes it vulnerable during surgical procedures of the neck. Fifty-five formalin-fixed cadavers were carefully dissected and examined, with the course of the RLN carefully evaluated and documented bilaterally. Our findings indicate that extra-laryngeal branches coming off the RLN on both the right and left side innervate the esophagus, trachea, and mainly intrinsic laryngeal muscles. On the right side, 89.1% of the cadavers demonstrated 2–5 extra-laryngeal branches. On the left, 74.6% of the cadavers demonstrated 2–3 extra-laryngeal branches. In relation to the inferior thyroid artery (ITA), 67.9% of right RLNs were located anteriorly, while 32.1% were located posteriorly. On the other hand, 32.1% of left RLNs were anterior to the ITA, while 67.9% were related posteriorly. On both sides, 3–5% of RLN crossed in between the branches of the ITA. Anatomical consideration of the variations in the course, branching pattern, and relationship of the RLNs is essential to minimize complications associated with surgical procedures of the neck, especially thyroidectomy and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. The information gained in this study emphasizes the need to preferentially utilize left-sided approaches for ACDF surgery whenever possible.

scholarly journals Two Concomitant Right Nonrecurrent Laryngeal Nerves Encountered During Thyroidectomy (Type 4 Course): Reported for the First Time

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132091898
Author(s):  
Ayad Ahmad Mohammed ◽  
Sardar Hassan Arif
Keyword(s):  
Vagus Nerve ◽  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Ligamentum Arteriosum ◽  
Laryngeal Nerves ◽  
Thyroid Lobectomy ◽  
The Right

Introduction: The recurrent laryngeal nerve gains its name because after branching from the vagus nerve, it turns superiorly (recur) around the subclavian artery on the right and around the ligamentum arteriosum on the left, the nonrecurrent nerve has a straight direct course to the larynx and doesn’t follow this course. It presents mostly on the right side. The presence of this variation places the nerve at higher risk of injury during neck surgery especially thyroid operations. Case Presentation: A 45-year-old lady presented with painless thyroid enlargement for 1 year. Thyroid examination showed a 3-cm firm nodule at the right thyroid lobe with normal thyroid function tests. Right thyroid lobectomy was done and the histopathology showed a benign follicular lesion. During surgery, we discovered 2 nonrecurrent laryngeal nerves at the right side which were arising from the vagus nerve and both were entering the larynx. Conclusion: Failure in identification of the nerve or overlooking the possibility of the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve may result in a serious sequelae of nerve damage, ipsilateral injury may lead to permanent hoarseness and bilateral injury may result in severe dyspnea or aphonia. Currently, there are 3 types of nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve courses. Type 1 passes near to the superior thyroid vessels. Type 2 (2A) passes parallel to the inferior thyroid artery and has a transverse course above it. Type 3 (2B) passes parallel to the inferior thyroid artery and transversely between branches of or under the inferior thyroid artery, we can add to this classification type 4, which are 2 nonrecurrent laryngeal nerves (double nerves) passing above and parallel to the inferior thyroid artery.

scholarly journals The Identification of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve by Injection of Blue Dye into the Inferior Thyroid Artery in Elusive Locations

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulcin Hepgul ◽  
Meltem Kucukyilmaz ◽  
Oguz Koc ◽  
Yigit Duzkoylu ◽  
Yavuz Selim Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Thyroid Lobe ◽  
Tracheoesophageal Groove ◽  
Nerve Localization

Introduction. Thyroidectomy creates a potential risk for all parathyroid glands and the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). The identification and dissection of the RLN is the gold standard for preserving its function. In some cases, it may be quite difficult to identify the nerve localization. In such elusive locations, we aimed to identify RLNs using peroperative injection of a blue dye into the inferior thyroid artery.Materials and Methods. This study included 10 selected patients whose RLN identification had been difficult peroperatively during the period from April 2008 to June 2009. When the RLNs became elusive in location, the branches of the inferior thyroid artery (ITA) on the capsule of the thyroid lobe were isolated, and then 0.5 mL isosulphan blue dye was injected into the artery.Results. RLN was carefully dissected in the tracheoesophageal groove. RLN was clearly visualized, in all patients. All RLNs were identified along their course in the dyed surrounding tissue. No RLN palsy was encountered.Conclusion. The injection of blue dye into the ITA branches can be used as an alternate method in case of difficulty in identification of RLNs.

scholarly journals Relationship between the recurrent laryngeal nerve and the inferior thyroid artery: a study in corpses

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Almeida Campos ◽  
Paulo Roberto Ferreira Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Laryngeal Nerve ◽  
Inferior Thyroid Artery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Racial Variations ◽  
Anatomical Relationship ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

The anatomical relationship between the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and the inferior thyroid artery (ITA) was studied in 76 embalmed corpses, 8 females and 68 males. In both sexes, the RLN lay more frequently between branches of the ITA.; it was found in this position in 47.3% of male corpses and 42.8% of female ones. On the right, RLN was found between branches of the ITA in 49.3% of the cases, anterior to it in 38.04%, and posterior in 11.26%. On the left, the RLN lay between branches of the ITA in 44.45%, posterior to the ITA in 37.05%, and anterior to it in 18.05% of the cases. In 62.68% of the cases, the relationship found on one side did not occur again on the opposite side. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the distribution of the 3 types of relationships between the RLN and the ITA, on the right and on the left. Racial variations could contribute to an explanation of the differences observed by authors of different countries in the relationship between the RLN and the ITA.

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