Spike-wave seizures, slow-wave sleep EEG and morphology of substantia nigra pars compacta in WAG/Rij rats with genetic predisposition to absence epilepsy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenia Sitnikova ◽  
Elizaveta M. Rutskova ◽  
Daria Tsvetaeva ◽  
Vladimir V. Raevsky
Keyword(s):  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Genetic Predisposition ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Spike Wave

scholarly journals A pilot study on essential oil aroma stimulation for enhancing slow-wave EEG in sleeping brain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Wei Ko ◽  
Cheng-Hua Su ◽  
Meng-Hsun Yang ◽  
Shen-Yi Liu ◽  
Tung-Ping Su
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Study Results

AbstractSleep quality is important to health and life quality. Lack of sleep can lead to a variety of health issues and reduce in daytime function. Recent study by Fultz et al. also indicated that sleep is crucial to brain metabolism. Delta power in sleep EEG often indicates good sleep quality while alpha power usually indicates sleep interruptions and poor sleep quality. Essential oil has been speculated to improve sleep quality. Previous studies also suggest essential oil aroma may affect human brain activity when applied awake. However, those studies were often not blinded, which makes the effectiveness and mechanism of aroma a heavily debated topic. In this study, we aim to explore the effect of essential oil aroma on human sleep quality and sleep EEG in a single-blinded setup. The aroma was released when the participants are asleep, which kept the influence of psychological expectation to the minimum. We recruited nine young, healthy participants with regular lifestyle and no sleep problem. All participants reported better sleep quality and more daytime vigorous after exposing to lavender aroma in sleep. We also observed that upon lavender aroma releases, alpha wave in wake stage was reduced while delta wave in slow-wave sleep (SWS) was increased. Lastly, we found that lavender oil promote occurrence of SWS. Overall, our study results show that essential oil aroma can be used to promote both subjective and objective sleep quality in healthy human subjects. This makes aroma intervention a potential solution for poor sleep quality and insomnia.

The Cessation of Continuous Spike Wave in Slow-Wave Sleep Following a Temporal Lobectomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Moseley ◽  
Radhika Dhamija ◽  
Elaine C. Wirrell
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Temporal Lobectomy ◽  
Spike Wave

nCPAP Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Increases Slow Wave Sleep in Prefrontal EEG

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veera Eskelinen ◽  
Toomas Uibu ◽  
Sari-Leena Himanen
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Sleep Stage Scoring

According to standard sleep stage scoring, sleep EEG is studied from the central area of parietal lobes. However, slow wave sleep (SWS) has been found to be more powerful in frontal areas in healthy subjects. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients often suffer from functional disturbances in prefrontal lobes. We studied the effects of nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (nCPAP) treatment on sleep EEG, and especially on SWS, in left prefrontal and central locations in 12 mild to moderate OSAS patients. Sleep EEG was recorded by polysomnography before treatment and after a 3 month nCPAP treatment period. Recordings were classified into sleep stages. No difference was found in SWS by central sleep stage scoring after the nCPAP treatment period, but in the prefrontal lobe all night S3 sleep stage increased during treatment. Furthermore, prefrontal SWS increased in the second and decreased in the fourth NREM period. There was more SWS in prefrontal areas both before and after nCPAP treatment, and SWS increased significantly more in prefrontal than central areas during treatment. Regarding only central sleep stage scoring, nCPAP treatment did not increase SWS significantly. Frontopolar recording of sleep EEG is useful in addition to central recordings in order to better evaluate the results of nCPAP treatment.

scholarly journals Continuous Spike-Wave during Slow Wave Sleep and Related Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilika Shah Singhal ◽  
Joseph E. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Epileptic Encephalopathy ◽  
Related Condition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hormonal Therapies ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
International League ◽  
Spike Wave

Continuous spike and wave during slow wave sleep (CSWS) is an epileptic encephalopathy that presents with neurocognitive regression and clinical seizures, and that demonstrates an electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern of electrical status epilepticus during sleep, as defined by the Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League Against Epilepsy 1989. CSWS is an age-related condition, typically presenting in children around 5 years of age, with clinical seizures which progress within 2 years to a severe epileptic encephalopathy. The pathophysiology of CSWS is not completely understood, but the corticothalamic neuronal network involved in sleep patterns is thought to be involved. Genetic predisposition and injury in early development are thought to play etiological roles. Treatment strategies have involved traditional anticonvulsants, hormonal therapies, and other newer techniques. Outcomes are fair, and the thought is that earlier diagnosis and intervention preserve neurocognitive development, as in the case of other epileptic encephalopathies. Further understanding of the mechanisms of CSWS may lead to improved therapeutic options and thus outcomes of children with CSWS.

Ghrelin promotes slow-wave sleep in humans

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (2) ◽  
pp. E407-E415 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Weikel ◽  
A. Wichniak ◽  
M. Ising ◽  
H. Brunner ◽  
E. Friess ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Wave ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Sleep Eeg ◽  
Endogenous Ligand ◽  
Plasma Gh ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Inverse Pattern ◽  
Ghs Receptor

Ghrelin, an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue (GHS) receptor, stimulates GH release, appetite, and weight gain in humans and rodents. Synthetic GHSs modulate sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and nocturnal hormone secretion. We studied the effect of 4 × 50 μg of ghrelin administered hourly as intravenous boluses between 2200 and 0100 on sleep EEG and the secretion of plasma GH, ACTH, cortisol, prolactin, and leptin in humans ( n = 7). After ghrelin administration, slow-wave sleep was increased during the total night and accumulated δ-wave activity was enhanced during the second half of the night. Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep was reduced during the second third of the night, whereas all other sleep EEG variables remained unchanged. Furthermore, GH and prolactin plasma levels were enhanced throughout the night, and cortisol levels increased during the first part of the night (2200–0300). The response of GH to ghrelin was most distinct after the first injection and lowest after the fourth injection. In contrast, cortisol showed an inverse pattern of response. Leptin levels did not differ between groups. Our data show a distinct action of exogenous ghrelin on sleep EEG and nocturnal hormone secretion. We suggest that ghrelin is an endogenous sleep-promoting factor. This role appears to be complementary to the already described effects of the peptide in the regulation of energy balance. Furthermore, ghrelin appears to be a common stimulus of the somatotropic and hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical systems. It appears that ghrelin is a sleep-promoting factor in humans.

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