Mesoporous activated carbon from sunflower shells modified with sulfonic acid groups as solid acid catalyst for itaconic acid esterification

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Alvear-Daza ◽  
Gustavo A. Pasquale ◽  
Julián A. Rengifo-Herrera ◽  
Gustavo P. Romanelli ◽  
Luis R. Pizzio
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Itaconic Acid ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Mesoporous Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Esterification ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Groups

scholarly journals Synthesis of Sulfonic Acid-Functionalized Zirconium Poly(Styrene-Phenylvinyl-Phosphonate)-Phosphate for Heterogeneous Epoxidation of Soybean Oil

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochuan Zou ◽  
Xuyuan Nie ◽  
Zhiwen Tan ◽  
Kaiyun Shi ◽  
Cun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Thiol Group ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Groups

In this paper, a solid acid catalyst (ZPS–PVPA–SO3H) was prepared by anchoring thiol group on zirconium poly(styrene-phenylvinyl-phosphonate)-phosphate (ZPS–PVPA), followed by oxidation of thiol groups to obtain sulfonic acid groups. The solid acid catalyst was characterized by XPS, X-ray, EDS, SEM, and TG-DSC. The successful preparation of sulfonic acid-functionalized ZPS–PVPA was confirmed. Subsequently, the catalytic performance of ZPS–PVPA–SO3H was investigated in the epoxidation of soybean oil. The results demonstrated that ZPS–PVPA–SO3H can effectively catalyze epoxidation of soybean oil with TBHP as an oxidant. Moreover, there was no significant decrease in catalytic activity after 5 repeated uses of the ZPS–PVPA–SO3H. Interestingly, the ZPS–PVPA–SO3H was kept in 2 mol/L of HCl overnight after the end of the seventh reaction, and the catalytic activity was gradually restored during the eighth to tenth cycles.

scholarly journals The Effect of Co-solvent on Esterification of Oleic Acid Using Amberlyst 15 as Solid Acid Catalyst in Biodiesel Production

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Iwan Ridwan ◽  
Mukhtar Ghazali ◽  
Adi Kusmayadi ◽  
Resza Diwansyah Putra ◽  
Nina Marlina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Amberlyst 15 ◽  
Acid Esterification

The oleic acid solubility in methanol is low due to two phase separation, and this causes a slow reaction time in biodiesel production. Tetrahydrofuran as co-solvent can decrease the interfacial surface tension between methanol and oleic acid. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of co-solvent, methanol to oleic acid molar ratio, catalyst amount, and temperature of the reaction to the free fatty acid conversion. Oleic acid esterification was conducted by mixing oleic acid, methanol, tetrahydrofuran and Amberlyst 15 as a solid acid catalyst in a batch reactor. The Amberlyst 15 used had an exchange capacity of 2.57 meq/g. Significant free fatty acid conversion increments occur on biodiesel production using co-solvent compared without co-solvent. The highest free fatty acid conversion was obtained over methanol to the oleic acid molar ratio of 25:1, catalyst use of 10%, the co-solvent concentration of 8%, and a reaction temperature of 60°C. The highest FFA conversion was found at 28.6 %, and the steady state was reached after 60 minutes. In addition, the use of Amberlyst 15 oleic acid esterification shows an excellent performance as a solid acid catalyst. Catalytic activity was maintained after 4 times repeated use and reduced slightly in the fifth use.

scholarly journals Sulfonic-acid-functionalized carbon fiber from waste newspaper as a recyclable carbon based solid acid catalyst for the hydrolysis of cellulose

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (50) ◽  
pp. 28902-28907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runming Gong ◽  
Zihao Ma ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Ying Han ◽  
Yanzhu Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Cellulosic Materials ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Carbon Based

Waste newspaper is one of the most common cellulosic materials.

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