scholarly journals Signal Use by Octopuses in Agonistic Interactions

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Scheel ◽  
Peter Godfrey-Smith ◽  
Matthew Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Signal Use

Evaluating the Effects of Traffic on Driver Stopping and Turn Signal Use at a Stop Sign

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela R. Lebbon ◽  
John Austin ◽  
Ron Van Houten ◽  
Louis E. Malenfant
Keyword(s):  
Turn Signal ◽  
Stop Sign ◽  
Signal Use

scholarly journals Effect of losing a fight on later agonistic behavior toward unfamiliar conspecifics in male Syrian hamsters

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Delbarco-Trillo ◽  
Robert E. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Syrian Hamster ◽  
Agonistic Behavior ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Syrian Hamsters ◽  
The Third ◽  
Clear Winner ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In many species, agonistic interactions result in social relationships that are stable over time. In Syrian hamsters, two unfamiliar males that are placed together will fight vigorously and a clear winner/loser relationship is usually established. In subsequent interactions, the loser will flee soon after detecting the familiar winner. Here we tested the hypothesis that losing a fight with a conspecific will affect future agonistic interactions not only toward that individual (i.e., the familiar winner) but also toward unfamiliar conspecifics. To test this hypothesis we paired two Syrian hamster males in three trials on one day in which the loser had the opportunity to escape the winner. The next day the loser was paired with an unfamiliar male, also for three trials. If he lost again, he was tested on a third day with a third unfamiliar male. Subjects were those males that were losers on all three days. The latency to escape on the first trial on Days 2 and 3 was significantly shorter than on the first trial on Day 1, indicating that losing against the first male affected the response toward unfamiliar males. However, the latency to escape on the first trial on Days 2 and 3 was significantly longer than that on the third trial on the preceding day, indicating that a loser treats unfamiliar males differently than a familiar winner. These results suggest that a defeat during an interaction with one male affects later agonistic behavior towards other, unfamiliar males.

Effect of phenology on agonistic competitive interactions between invasive and native sheet-web spiders

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy D. Houser ◽  
Adam H. Porter ◽  
Howard S. Ginsberg ◽  
Elizabeth M. Jakob
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linyphia Triangularis ◽  
Size Interaction ◽  
Very High

The phenologies of introduced relative to native species can greatly influence the degree and symmetry of competition between them. The European spider Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) (Linyphiidae) reaches very high densities in coastal Maine (USA). Previous studies suggest that L. triangularis negatively affects native linyphiid species, with competition for webs as one mechanism. We documented phenological differences between L. triangularis and three native species that illustrate the potential for the reversal of size-based competitive advantage over the course of the year. To test whether relative size influences interaction outcome, we allowed a resident spider to build a web and then introduced an intruder. We examined whether the outcomes of agonistic interactions over the webs were influenced by the species of the resident (invasive or native), the relative size of the contestants, and the species × size interaction. We found that the importance of relative size differed among species. In interactions between L. triangularis and each of two native species, size played a greater role than resident species on the outcome of interactions, suggesting that competitive advantage reverses over the season based on phenology-related size differences. Linyphia triangularis had a negative impact on the third species regardless of relative size.

Agonistic interactions and dominance establishment in three crayfish species non-native to Europe

Limnologica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Fořt ◽  
Md Shakhawate Hossain ◽  
Antonin Kouba ◽  
Milos Buřič ◽  
Pavel Kozák
Keyword(s):  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Crayfish Species

Observations on social behaviour of Atlantic walruses (Odobenus rosmarus (L.)) during terrestrial haul-out

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Age Composition ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Odobenus Rosmarus

Social interactions in walrus herds of mixed sex and age composition were recorded at a haul-out site on the east coast of Bathurst Island, N.W.T., during July–August 1977. Most walruses maintained body contact with at least one other walrus while hauled out on land; herds were usually circular in shape. Adult males, adult females, and immatures all displaced other walruses, and thus entered herds, by jabbing with the tusks. Dominance during agonistic interactions was related to relative tusk length and sex and age of interactants. Behaviour of walruses on land suggested an energetic advantage in mutual body contact, which would be maximized by occupation of interior positions within herds.

Social allies modulate corticosterone excretion and increase success in agonistic interactions in juvenile hand-raised graylag geese (Anser anser)

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 1746-1754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didone Frigerio ◽  
Brigitte Weiss ◽  
John Dittami ◽  
Kurt Kotrschal
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Foster Parent ◽  
Social Partner ◽  
Agonistic Behaviour ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Anser Anser ◽  
Access To Resources ◽  
Standard Distance ◽  
Social Alliances ◽  
Corticosterone Metabolites

In mammals, support by a social partner may reduce stress levels and ease access to resources. We investigated the effects of the passive presence of a nearby social ally on excreted corticosterone immunoreactive metabolites and behaviour in juvenile graylag geese (Anser anser). Two groups of hand-raised juveniles (N1 = 9, N2 = 3) were tested over 1 year by positioning humans of different familiarity (i.e., the human foster parent, a familiar human, a nonfamiliar human, no human) at a standard distance to the focal geese. Their success in agonistic interactions significantly decreased with age and with decreasing familiarity of the accompanying human. The humans present modulated the excretion of corticosterone immunoreactive metabolites, with the strongest effects recorded after fledging when corticosterone metabolites were also positively correlated with agonistic behaviour. This suggests that a human foster parent may provide similar supportive benefits as goose parents do in natural families. We discuss the benefits of social alliances with regard to the integration into the flock, access to resources, and life history.

Territorial and agonistic interactions between farmed and wild cod (Gadus morhua)

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539-1548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisle K Sverdrup ◽  
Justin J Meager ◽  
Anders Fernö ◽  
Jon E Skjaeraasen ◽  
Petra Rodewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Agonistic Interactions

scholarly journals Group composition and activity patterns of brown-nosed coatis in savanna fragments, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-991 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMJ. Costa ◽  
RA. Mauro ◽  
JSV. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Home Range ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Group Composition ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Agonistic Interactions ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Savanna Woodland ◽  
Dispersion Patterns ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

The Parque Estadual do Prosa (PEP), in Campo Grande, MS, is an urban fragment of savanna (cerrado) and tall savanna woodland (cerradão), with an area of 1,335 km², where the population density of brown-nosed coatis is 33.71 individuals/km². Our results suggest that seasonality at the PEP causes changes in the availability of resources for coatis, altering their home range areas, their dispersion patterns and their daily behaviour. And our observations regarding male-band associations, agonistic interactions between bands and their daily behaviour emphasize the plasticity of coati social structure, and its potential for future comparative studies.

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