The sensitivity of SDI analysis: from RO feed water to raw water

Desalination ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 222 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandine Mosset ◽  
Véronique Bonnelye ◽  
Marc Petry ◽  
Miguel Angel Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Feed Water ◽  
Raw Water

Decreasing the Tendency of Water to Form Scale and Corrosion in Cooling Towers – South Refineries Company (SRC) – Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Thabit Abbas ◽  
Qays Muthna ◽  
Thikra Shihab ◽  
Ola Jabur
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Cooling Towers ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Langelier Saturation Index ◽  
Plant Data

Scale formation and corrosion phenomena are major technical problems at Basra Refinery/ South Refineries Company (SRC). These technical problems are concentrated in cooling towers which are used to supply cooling water to the processing units. The Scales and corrosion products precipitate inside cooling units, heat exchangers and pipeline networks affecting negatively efficiency of refinery’s equipment. In this work, a real plant data was collected from four cooling towers which is supplied the coolant to the crude distillation units of the refinery and also from the raw water supplier. The collected data was fitted by Langelier model to predict the tendency of cooling water for scale forming and activation of corrosion. The obtained result shows that the cooling water has a tendency to form scale (CaCO3 Precipitation) at cooling tower units. Also the feed water has the same tendency for scale forming.After analyzing the LSI (Langelier Saturation Index) results, the research team recommends the particular company to overcome this problem by installing a Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant for treating raw water to decrease the concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) which result scale and corrosion in the parts of cooling tower as an option to solve the problem.

A TRNSYS Dynamic Simulation Model for Photovoltaic System Powering a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Unit with Solar Energy

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rym Chaker ◽  
Hatem Dhaouadi ◽  
Hatem Mhiri ◽  
Philippe Bournot
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model

This paper presents a Photovoltaic (PV) simulation system powering a reverse osmosis (RO) desalination unit with no energy recovery device (ERD). The simulation is carried out using commercial software, Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS®). The PV system consists on solar panels (Siemens SM55) with rated power of 55 W, connected to a storage battery via DC-DC charge controller. The load of this system is a pump, which provides the RO system with feed water. The RO unit is composed of one Filmtec spiral wound membrane. Simulation results for fresh water production showed that with a continuous feed of 1.5 m3h-1, a total capacity production of 110 m3 per year can be achieved. The effect of the main parameters in desalinated water production capacity showed that with the increase of the raw water feed flow and the PV surface, the monthly fresh water production increases. They also showed that with the increase of raw water salinity, the fresh water production decreases. This work is validated with literature experimental results.

scholarly journals Decreasing the Tendency of Water to Form Scale and Corrosion in Cooling Towers – South Refineries Company (SRC) – Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Thabit Abbas ◽  
Qays M. Ammouri ◽  
Thikra Shihab ◽  
Ola Jabur
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Saturation Index ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Cooling Towers ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Pipeline Networks ◽  
Langelier Saturation Index ◽  
Plant Data

Scale formation and corrosion phenomena are major technical problems at Basra Refinery/ South Refineries Company (SRC). These technical problems are concentrated in cooling towers which are used to supply cooling water to the processing units. The Scales and corrosion products precipitate inside cooling units, heat exchangers and pipeline networks affecting negatively efficiency of refinery’s equipment. In this work, a real plant data was collected from four cooling towers which is supplied the coolant to the crude distillation units of the refinery and also from the raw water supplier. The collected data was fitted by Langelier model to predict the tendency of cooling water for scale forming and activation of corrosion. The obtained result shows that the cooling water has a tendency to form scale (CaCO3 Precipitation) at cooling tower units. Also the feed water has the same tendency for scale forming.After analyzing the LSI (Langelier Saturation Index) results, the research team recommends the particular company to overcome this problem by installing a Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant for treating raw water to decrease the concentrations of total dissolved solids (TDS) which result scale and corrosion in the parts of cooling tower as an option to solve the problem.

scholarly journals EVALUASI PERFORMANCE REGENERASI MIXED BED POLISHER PADA UNIT DEMINERALISASI

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Boiler Unit ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Mineral Ions ◽  
Bed Expansion ◽  
Resin Regeneration ◽  
Regional Water ◽  
Boiler Feed Water

One of the important elements produced from the factory support units is air products. Regional water balance (integration) is important to support factory operations. Raw water is treated in the unit section to produce demin water and further process into Boiler Feed Water (BWF) to produce 80 kg/cm2 pressurized steam in the boiler unit, to meet the specifications as demin water it is necessary to carry out several treatments to remove mineral ions (cations and anions) dissolved in the air. In the mixed bed polisher, there is a resin regeneration process to eliminate saturation of the resin which can no longer bind mineral ions. Regeneration or regent is carried out after the resin pile is saturated which is characterized by an increase in product productivity conductivity with the desired product conductivity target of <0.2 μS/cm at a temperature of 25℃. The purpose of this study was to work or perform a mixed bed polisher, especially during regeneration in the demineralization unit. This research was conducted by making a framework of thought and writing work. The writing stage contains data collection, data processing and data analysis-synthesis, as well as drawing conclusions. Based on this research, the results showed that there was a decrease in the performance of the mixed bed with a bed expansion gain of 80.7% and a resin height of 2.42 m. The number of chemicals used for regeneration is 1170.7 kg consisting of HCL and NaOH so that the flow rate of demin water required to dilute the regenerant is 7,126 m3/h. Keywords: Mixed bad Polisher, Demin water, Resin regeneration.

Aplikasi metode tahanan jenis dalam studi geologi karst Gua Seropan di Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
Pulung A. Pranantya ◽  
Nurlia Sadikin
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Underground River ◽  
Initial Exploration

In terms of geology, most areas in south of the Gunungkidul District in Central Java consist of the Wonosari formation limestone. The land is generally very dry and source of raw water is also difficult to reach. Findings on the existence of underground river in caves, however, indicate the potential amount of water within the area, especially in the eastern part of the Gunungkidul District. Although limited information available, some fishermen have discovered that Seropan cave contains fresh water source. This cave is situated at 65 m below the cliff. Initial exploration, which done using a multichannel resistivity method, confirmed the availability of freshwater in the cave and underground river. The isopach of cave depth is found in ranges of 80 200 m below the ground surface. The water of Seropan cave can be utilized by implementing pipeline or by drilling at the suggested point based on the interpretation results, i.e. 110o2223.6388 EL 8o42.874 SL. [DY1][PP2][DY1]Perbaiki grammarIn terms of geology, most areas in south of Gunungkidul District in Central Java consist of the Wonosari formation limestone. The land is generally very dry and source of raw water is also difficult to reach. Findings on the exixtence of underground river in caves, however, indicate potential amount of water within the area especially in eastern part of Gunungkidul District. Although limited information available, some fishermans has discovered that Seropan cave contain fresh water source. This cave is situated at 65 m below the cliff. Initial exploration, which done using multichannel resistivity method, confirmed the availability of freshwater in the cave and underground river. The iso pach of cave depth is found in ranges of 80 200 m below the ground surface. The water of Seropan cave can be utilized by implementing pipeline or by drilling at the suggested point based on the interpretation results i.e. 110o2223.6388 EL 8o42.874 SL.[PP2]Sudah diperbaiki

REVERE No. 508

Alloy Digest ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Corrosion Resistant ◽  
Copper Nickel Alloy

Abstract Revere No. 508 is a highly ductile, malleable and corrosion resistant copper-nickel alloy suitable for condenser and heat exchanger tubes and many engineering applications such as salt water piping aboard ship, many components of salt water and fresh water stills, feed water heater tubes and marine coolers. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-81. Producer or source: Revere Copper and Brass Inc..

CUPRO NICKEL 30%-716

Alloy Digest ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Nickel Iron Alloy

Abstract Cupro Nickel, 30%-716 is a high strength copper-nickel-iron alloy for heat exchanger tubes in power plant feed water heaters, and also for oil refinery service. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Cu-200. Producer or source: Anaconda American Brass Company.

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