Whole-body CT with high heat-capacity X-ray tube and automated tube current modulation—Effect of tube current limitation on contrast enhancement, image quality and radiation dose

Abstract Background Unnecessary whole-body computed tomography (CT) may lead to excess radiation exposure. Serum D-dimer levels have been reported to correlate with injury severity. We examined the predictive value of serum D-dimer level for identifying patients with isolated injury that can be diagnosed with selected-region CT rather than whole-body CT. Methods This single-center retrospective cohort study included patients with blunt trauma (2014–2017). We included patients whose serum D-dimer levels were measured before they underwent whole-body CT. “Isolated” injury was defined as injury with Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) score ≤ 5 to any of five regions of interest or with AIS score ≤ 1 to other regions, as revealed by a CT scan. A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn for D-dimer levels corresponding to isolated injury; the area under the ROC (AUROC) was evaluated. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated for several candidate cut-off values for serum D-dimer levels. Results Isolated injury was detected in 212 patients. AUROC was 0.861 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.815–0.907) for isolated injury prediction. Serum D-dimer level ≤ 2.5 μg/mL was an optimal cutoff value for predicting isolated injury with high specificity (100.0%) and positive predictive value (100.0%). Approximately 30% of patients had serum D-dimer levels below this cutoff value. Conclusion D-dimer level ≤ 2.5 μg/mL had high specificity and high positive predictive value in cases of isolated injury, which could be diagnosed with selected-region CT, reducing exposure to radiation associated with whole-body CT.

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Computerized Tomography: A Perspective in the Pediatric Patient

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.59.2.305 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 305-308

Author(s):

Derek Harwood-Nash ◽

Herman Grossman ◽

Alvin Felman ◽

John Kirkpatrick ◽

Leonard Swischuk

Keyword(s):

Computerized Tomography ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Conventional Radiography ◽

The United States ◽

The Body ◽

Whole Body ◽

Central Research ◽

X Ray ◽

Whole Body Ct

Computerized tomography (CT), a technique conceptualized by Oldendorf in 19611 and developed by Hounsfield2 of EMI-Tronics Inc. (EMI) Central Research Laboratories, has proven to be a successful innovation in neuroradiology. Reviews by Ambrose3 in England and by Baker et al.4 and by New et al.5 in the United States have clearly demonstrated the value of this new modality in neuroradiological diagnosis. In 1975 Houser et al.6 and Harwood-Nash et al.7 provided the initial clinical and radiological data about CT in infants and children. More recently this technique has been extended to the study of tissues and organs in the body other than those in the head. This has been accomplished by modification of the original machine into a whole-body CT system. Early reviews by Ledley et al.8 and by Alfidi et al.9 suggest a significant potential for diagnosis of lesions in the abdomen, pelvis, and thorax. The advantages of CT are that it is less invasive than standard special diagnostic radiological procedures and that for the first time it provides in vivo information regarding the content and the characteristics of tissue composing organs and masses. DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT In conventional radiography an image is made on radiographic film by an attenuated X-ray beam. In passing through a core of tissue, each ray of the beam is attenuated as it is absorbed and scattered by the tissue in its path. The intensity of the transmitted ray depends on the sum total of X-ray attenuation by all the different soft tissues in its path.

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P-146: A prospective study of conventional skeletal survey versus Whole-body CT for osteolytic lesions in Multiple Myeloma

Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma & Leukemia ◽

10.1016/s2152-2650(21)02273-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. S115

Author(s):

Michael Gundesen ◽

Jon Thor Asmussen ◽

Einar Haukås ◽

Michael Schubert ◽

Niels Abildgaard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Skeletal Survey ◽

Whole Body ◽

Osteolytic Lesions ◽

Whole Body Ct ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Body Ct

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Development of Automatic Visceral Fat Volume Calculation Software for CT Volume Data

Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1155/2014/495084 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Mitsutaka Nemoto ◽

Tusufuhan Yeernuer ◽

Yoshitaka Masutani ◽

Yukihiro Nomura ◽

Shouhei Hanaoka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Fat ◽

Whole Body ◽

Volume Data ◽

Volume Calculation ◽

Whole Body Ct ◽

Experienced Radiologist ◽

Fat Volume ◽

Calculation Software ◽

Body Ct ◽

Ct Volume

Objective. To develop automatic visceral fat volume calculation software for computed tomography (CT) volume data and to evaluate its feasibility.Methods. A total of 24 sets of whole-body CT volume data and anthropometric measurements were obtained, with three sets for each of four BMI categories (under 20, 20 to 25, 25 to 30, and over 30) in both sexes. True visceral fat volumes were defined on the basis of manual segmentation of the whole-body CT volume data by an experienced radiologist. Software to automatically calculate visceral fat volumes was developed using a region segmentation technique based on morphological analysis with CT value threshold. Automatically calculated visceral fat volumes were evaluated in terms of the correlation coefficient with the true volumes and the error relative to the true volume.Results. Automatic visceral fat volume calculation results of all 24 data sets were obtained successfully and the average calculation time was 252.7 seconds/case. The correlation coefficients between the true visceral fat volume and the automatically calculated visceral fat volume were over 0.999.Conclusions. The newly developed software is feasible for calculating visceral fat volumes in a reasonable time and was proved to have high accuracy.

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Plain Radiography May Be Safely Omitted for Selected Major Trauma Patients Undergoing Whole Body CT: Database Study

Emergency Medicine International ◽

10.1155/2012/432537 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Sarah Hudson ◽

Adrian Boyle ◽

Stephanie Wiltshire ◽

Lisa McGerty ◽

Sara Upponi

Keyword(s):

Major Trauma ◽

Research Network ◽

Whole Body ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

X Rays ◽

Database Study ◽

Primary Survey ◽

Whole Body Ct ◽

Plain Films ◽

Body Ct

Introduction. Whole body CT is being used increasingly in the primary survey of major trauma patients. We evaluated whether omitting plain films of the chest and pelvis in the primary survey was safe. We compared the probability of survival of patients and time to CT who had plain X-rays to those who did not.Method. We performed a database study on major trauma patients admitted between 2008 and 2010 using data from Trauma, Audit and Research Network (TARN) and our PACS system. We included adult major trauma patients who has an ISS of greater than 15 and underwent whole body CT.Results. 245 patients were included in the study. 44 (17.9%) did not undergo plain films. The median time to whole body CT from the time of admission was longer (47 minutes) in patients having plain films, than those who did not have plain films performed (30 minutes),P<0.005. Mortality was increased in the group who received plain films, 9.5% compared to 4.5%, but this was not statistically significant (P=0.77).Conclusion. We conclude that plain films may be safely omitted during the primary survey of selected major trauma patients.

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