Short-term exposure to sulphur dioxide (SO2) and all-cause and respiratory mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: No study has compared the respiratory effects of environmental and occupational particulate exposure in healthy adults. Methods: We estimated, by a systematic review and meta-analysis, the associations between short term exposures to fine particles (PM2.5 and PM4) and certain parameters of lung function (FEV1 and FVC) in healthy adults. Results: In total, 33 and 14 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and meta-analyses, respectively. In environmental studies, a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with an FEV1 reduction of 7.63 mL (95% CI: −10.62 to −4.63 mL). In occupational studies, an increase of 10 µg/m3 in PM4 was associated with an FEV1 reduction of 0.87 mL (95% CI: −1.36 to −0.37 mL). Similar results were observed with FVC. Conclusions: Both occupational and environmental short-term exposures to fine particles are associated with reductions in FEV1 and FVC in healthy adults.

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Impact of short-term exposure to extreme temperatures on diabetes mellitus morbidity and mortality? A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-320376/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xuping Song ◽

Liangzhen Jiang ◽

Dongdong Zhang ◽

Xinyi Wang ◽

Yan Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Heat Exposure ◽

The Elderly ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Extreme Temperatures ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure

Abstract The relationship between diabetes mellitus and short-term exposure to extreme temperatures remains controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the association between extreme temperatures and diabetes mellitus morbidity and mortality. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched since inception to January 1, 2019, and updated on November 17, 2020. The results were combined using random effects model and reported as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). 32 studies met the included criteria. (1) Both heat and cold exposures have impact on diabetes. (2) For heat exposure, the subgroup analysis revealed that the effect on diabetes mortality (RR = 1.139, 95% CI: 1.089–1.192) was higher than morbidity (RR = 1.012, 95% CI: 1.004–1.019). (3) With the increase of definition threshold, the impact of heat exposure on diabetes rised. (4) A stronger association between heat exposure and diabetes was observed in the elderly (≥ 60 years old) (RR = 1.040, 95% CI: 1.017–1.064). In conclusion, both short-term exposure to heat and cold temperatures have impact on diabetes. The elderly is the vulnerable population of diabetes exposure to heat temperature. Developing definitions of heatwaves at the regional level are suggested.

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Acute effect of ambient fine particulate matter on heart rate variability: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of panel studies

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-020-00912-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhiping Niu ◽

Feifei Liu ◽

Baojing Li ◽

Na Li ◽

Hongmei Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Acute Effect ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Exposure ◽

Panel Studies ◽

Frequency Power

Abstract Background Decreased heart rate variability (HRV) is a predictor of autonomic system dysfunction, and is considered as a potential mechanism of increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) induced by exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5). Previous studies have suggested that exposure to PM2.5 may lead to decreased HRV levels, but the results remain inconsistent. Methods An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of panel studies till November 1, 2019 was conducted to evaluate the acute effect of exposure to ambient PM2.5 on HRV. We searched electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase) to identify panel studies reporting the associations between exposure to PM2.5 and the four indicators of HRV (standard deviation of all normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences in adjacent normal-to-normal intervals (rMSSD), high frequency power (HF), and low frequency power (LF)). Random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect estimates. Results A total of 33 panel studies were included in our meta-analysis, with 16 studies conducted in North America, 12 studies in Asia, and 5 studies in Europe. The pooled results showed a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure which was significantly associated with a − 0.92% change in SDNN (95% confidence intervals (95%CI) − 1.26%, − 0.59%), − 1.47% change in rMSSD (95%CI − 2.17%, − 0.77%), − 2.17% change in HF (95%CI − 3.24%, − 1.10%), and − 1.52% change in LF (95%CI − 2.50%, − 0.54%), respectively. Overall, subgroup analysis suggested that short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with lower HRV levels in Asians, healthy population, and those aged ≥ 40 years. Conclusion Short-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with decreased HRV levels. Future studies are warranted to clarity the exact mechanism of exposure to PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system through disturbance of autonomic nervous function.

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