Factors of premorbid period indicating the risk of medicated noncompliance in patients with schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s810-s810
Author(s):  
E. Dmitrieva ◽  
E. Kornetova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Average Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest

BackgroundMethods of assessment of medicated compliance are based upon preceding experience of taking therapy and cannot be applied at the first admission.ObjectiveTo investigate premorbid characteristics in schizophrenic patients and reveal the factors indicating noncompliance.MethodsWe used medical record background, interview, Medical Compliance Prediction Scale for Psychiatry for evaluation of the level of compliance, program STATISTICA10 for identification of the average level of compliance in the subgroups of each factor by Kruskal–Wallis test and revealing those subgroups for each factor where the average level of compliance was statistically significantly lower (P < 0.05).ResultsWe examined 120 patients (status corresponded to the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia, age–18 and older, duration of the disease–5 years and more, patients taking typical or atypical antipsychotics or combined therapy) according to factors of premorbid period such as gender, family history of mental disorders, personality traits, nurture in the family, education level, marital status; substance use, age at the onset of disease.ConclusionsLevel of compliance was lower in subgroups of men, patients having several relatives with mental disorders, patients having personality with predominance of irritable and impulsive traits, patients with neglect in parental families, patients with education level lower than high school and with education level higher than bachelor; patients not working or studying to onset of disease; patients who were divorced or widowed; patients living alone; patients using psychoactive substances; patients aged 21 years and older to the onset of disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

A case of rare allele T 126, 30,32 base pairs in a schizophrenic patient: A study case

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S585-S586
Author(s):  
A.I. Sabau ◽  
P. Cristina ◽  
B. Valerica ◽  
P. Delia Marina
Keyword(s):  
Schizophrenic Patient ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Susceptibility Gene ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a severe and complex disease clinically characterized by disturbed thought processes, delusions, hallucinations and reduced social skills. Gene coding for neregulin 1 (NRG 1) located in 8 p21chromosomeand single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) have been identified strongly supporting NRG1 gene as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia.ObjectiveThe present preliminary study, determines the relationship between polymorphism nucleotide sites (SNPs2) of NRG1 gene and schizophrenia.AimsIdentifying rare allele T of neregulin 1 genein schizophrenic patients.MethodWe analyzed the polymorphism (SNPs2) of NRG1 gene in 20 patients recruited from Psychiatry Department of Emergency Clinical Hospital of Arad diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-5-TM and ICD-10 criteria and 10 healthy controls. From all subjects, we obtained 2 mL of peripheral blood samples. Genomic DNA was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method. Genotyping was performed byPCR-based RFLP analysis for all subjects. The obtained PCR product mixture was completely digested with restriction enzyme, separated on SNP1 and SNP2 agarose gel. We present the case of a 31 years old, male, schizophrenic patient with the SNPs2 polymorphism and rare allele T 126.ResultsIn both groups, common allele G 127 and 60 base pairs was identified but only 2 schizophrenic patients presented rare allele T 126 and 30,32 base pairs.ConclusionsThe polymorphism SNPs2 of NRG1 gene with rare allele T 126 and 30,32 base pairs, may play a role in predisposing an individual to schizophrenia. Further and extended replicating studies with multiple sequencing of NRG1 gene are necessary.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Pychiatrists and Legal Issues in Dementia Care

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S37-S37
Author(s):  
M.M. Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
The Family ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Many

During more than half a century, Psychiatry has extensively accepted a biomedical model studying mental disorders (including schizophrenia, affective disorders and the large group of stress-related disorders, including anxiety disorder. Thus, the classical dichotomy between functional and organic psychiatric disorders is obsolete and from a theoretical point of view there should be no obstacle for Psychiatry to deal with the study of dementias from gene to clinical levels using empirical methods, including neurotransmitters and scanning techniques. However, in many European countries, the dementias have been claimed as belonging primarily to Neurology, leaving the role of psychiatrists to treat psychotic symptoms and bizarre behavioral disturbances.However, psychiatrists have a long tradition of detailed psychopathological description and great skill in coping with the many psychological, ethical and social problems that are such important features of mental disorders and particularly the dementias, and so, the specific skills of psychiatrists will certainly be warranted in managing the many significant psychological and social problems of the patient both within the family and in society. The discussion must overcome the sterile debate between specialties to focus on the skills needed to adequately address the needs of patients with dementia and their caregivers.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Case Report: Organic Hallucinosis in Viral Encephalitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Andrian Fajar Kusumadewi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Viral Encephalitis ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Organic Mental Disorders ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain

Introduction : Organic mental disorders are diseases we need to put more attentionon because they are related to systemic disorders or disorders of the brain and cancause high mortality. Organic mental disorders often manifest in the form ofpsychiatric symptoms so that they can be treated too late because the physician isnot able to recognize the symptoms which can be fatal. Sequelae can be found inorganic mental disorders and may affect the patient’s quality of life, so a fast andproper management is needed to get a better outcome. Case presentation: A caseof organic hallucinosis in viral encephalitis had been reported in a 18 year-old malewith a history of sudden changes in behaviour. The symptoms appeared after thepatient had problems during OSPEK and was threatened by someone. The patientwas the only child in the family and often spoiled by his parents. Laboratory andimaging studies showed that there was a cerebritis in the CT scan result, a decreasein CD4 count, and an increase in anti-Rubella IgG titers in which the patient wasfinally diagnosed with viral encephalitis. Conclusion: The diagnosis of organicmental disorders can easily be overlooked in daily clinical practice so that patientsdo not receive proper management

scholarly journals School and Educational Objectives of the Interwar Period in the 1st Czechoslovak Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 349-364
Author(s):  
Mária Potočárová
Keyword(s):  
Interwar Period ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

The paper has the ambition to map the social and political situation in Slovakia in the period between the two world wars which had impact on the situation of families and education. After the establishment of a common state of Czechs and Slovaks – the 1st Czechoslovak Republic (1918), there were new conditions for reform movements and ideas of pedagogical thinking. The study is focusing on social events and transformations that guide the school system and education. The paper analyses specifically, what inspired the education and practical functioning of schools in Slovakia in this new state formation of the multinational Republic. The obtained picture tells about the state of reforms in education with its penetration into also into the family education pattern in Slovakia is partially compared with the conditions in the Czech Republic. The educational and upbringing objectives of this period are presented through the statements of historical documents, from a review of available educational literature and the press. We also deal with the question, what ideological ideas of the interwar years had an impact on the setting of goals and in family education. What did parents follow in their daily upbringing at the beginning of the 20th century and in the era between the two world wars? The paper, therefore, gives also the insight into the history of everyday life of Slovak families and into the family education in the interwar period.

scholarly journals The Correlation Between the Types of Family Education and Aggressiveness in Adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolij Nikolaevich Arinin ◽  
Liubov' Andreevna Aleksandrova
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Family Interaction ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Psychological Techniques ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mixed Types

This article analyzes the correlation between the type of family education and the manifestation of aggressive behavior in adolescence. The relevance of this study is determined by the influence of family education on the development of aggressive behavior of a teenager, as a result of which this is one of the most acute problems today. The aim of the study is to identify and study aggression in adolescents, as well as to establish the relationship between family education and aggression in adolescents. It is hypothesized that there is a connection between the aggression of adolescents and the type of family education. Materials and methods of research. The study involved students of 9 «B» in the number of 30 teenagers aged 14–15 years, including 15 boys and 15 girls. The stages and a set of psychological techniques are described. The results of the study showed that 66.7% (20 parents) have violations in family education. This number includes parents who have destructive and mixed types of family interaction, adolescents have a high and average level of aggression, of which 30% (9 adolescents) are boys and 36.7% (11 adolescents) are girls. Moreover, the level of aggressiveness is more pronounced in young men. Based on this, we can say that young men are more affected by the inharmonious style of family education. We found that the assumption that there is a link between the aggressiveness of adolescents and the type of family upbringing was confirmed. It is necessary to understand that what is laid down in the family is the determining reason for the development of a system of values and a culture of human relationships.

Schizoaffective disorder and schizophrenia: Clinical differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s831-s831
Author(s):  
F. Romosan ◽  
L.M. Ienciu ◽  
A.M. Romosan ◽  
R.S. Romosan
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale

IntroductionSchizoaffective disorder (SAD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are important causes of disability and morbidity. Finding clinical features that can help in their early differentiation may lead to a better understanding of these two nosologic entities.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to find clinical differences between SAD and SZ.MethodsWe selected for this study 83 inpatients from the Timisoara Psychiatric Clinic, diagnosed with either SAD (n = 35) or SZ (n = 48), according to ICD-10 criteria. The research was conducted between 2014 and 2016. Socio-demographic (age, sex, education, marital status) and clinical data were analysed. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess symptom severity.ResultsDelusions of grandiosity were found significantly more frequent in SAD patients (P = 0.001). By contrast, bizzare delusions (P = 0.025), derealization phenomena (P = 0.03) and negative symptoms (P = 0.003) appeared more frequent in schizophrenic patients. We found no significant differences between the two samples regarding onset age, number of episodes, duration of episode, duration of remission and suicidal thoughts/attempts. Although the SZ sample had higher BPRS total scores than SAD patients, the differences were not statistically significant.ConclusionsEven though SAD and SZ are very similar in respect to their clinical presentation, this study also revealed certain differences that may enhance specific knowledge regarding these two disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

15 years and counting – How are schizophrenic patients with long hospitalization time?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S576-S577
Author(s):  
M.A. Duarte ◽  
B. Lourenço ◽  
A. Ponte ◽  
A. Caixeiro
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitals ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Behaviour Changes

IntroductionCentro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa (C.H.P.L.), in Lisbon, Portugal, is the biggest psychiatric hospital in Portugal and one of the oldest still working. Along with acute inpatient clinics it has long duration inpatient units with 226 patients.Objectives/aimsCharacterize and improve the therapeutic approaches in patients committed to the long duration inpatient unit with long hospitalization times and the diagnose of schizophrenia.MethodsDuring the month of September 2015 all patients, committed before 2000 who fulfilled the diagnosis criteria ICD 10, F20.X (Schizophrenia) were characterized regarding age, gender, time of hospitalization and were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).ResultsFrom the original sample (n = 226), 31 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 64.4 years (min 50–max 91) and the majority were male (67.7%; n = 21). The mean years of hospitalization were 28.7 years (min 15–max 60). The average total PANSS score was 99.8 (positive symptoms: 25.4; negative symptoms: 29.9; general symptoms: 44.4).ConclusionsAlthough in last decades many psychiatric hospitals were closed and community approaches to treatment of the mentally ill were the direction preconized by several international organizations, some patients still “live” in the hospital. Mostly, as we found in our study, have a severe, refractory disease, sometimes with behaviour changes that unable them to be discharged. With the continuous evolution of psychopharmacological drug treatment, this paradigm may change. Meanwhile other therapeutic approaches should be used to improve the disease symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Executive Function Assessment in Young Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patients with the “CANTAB Schizophrenia Battery” (Russian Sample)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S278-S278 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rupchev ◽  
A. Alekseev ◽  
M. Morozova ◽  
V. Kaleda ◽  
A. Tkhostov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Probability Of Error ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Mean Time

IntroductionImpairment of executive function is the fundamental feature of the cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia has to be measured throughout the illness regularly. Computerized technologies for assessment of cognitive dysfunction are widely used. However, their applicability in hospitalized schizophrenic patients setting should be specially examined.ObjectiveExecutive function in schizophrenia.AimsTo test the applicability of “CANTAB” neurocognitive battery for measurement of executive function in young hospitalized schizophrenic patients in Russian sample.MethodsFifteen inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 (F 20.хх), 13 males and 2 females, aged 23.5(SD 3.2), disease duration is 5(SD 1.6) years and 16 healthy individuals, 7 males and 9 females, aged 21.3(SD 0.7). Spatial Working Memory (SWM) (Mnemonic Executive function), Stockings of Cambridge (OTS) (Planning Executive function), Intra/Extra-Dimensional Shift (IED) (Cognitive flexibility) were administered.ResultsThe majority of patients and controls easily understood the test instructions. Both groups did not have any difficulties with the touchpad. The “CANTAB” demonstrated sensitivity to the impairments of executive function. As a group, patients with schizophrenia performed significantly worse than controls on almost all tests: SWM–Between errors (P = 0.028), Total errors (P = 0.019), Strategy (P = 0.03), Mean time to last response (P = 0.001); OTS–Mean choices to correct (P = 0.044), Problems solved on first choice (P = 0.009), Probability of error given correct (P = 0.021); IED–Total errors (P = 0.015), Total trials (P = 0.002).ConclusionThe “CANTAB” is an applicable instrument for assessment of the executive function in young hospitalized schizophrenic patients. It can be used both for experimental and clinical needs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Palliative care of the patient with the brain cancer Astrocytoma GII/GIII – a case study

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Marta Gawlik ◽  
Donata Kurpas
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Icd 10

Introduction: Malignant cancers of the central nervous system with the consequences of strong symptoms and urgent progression of the disease put the palliative teams of the palliative wards in the feeling of helplessness. Difficulties in undertaking the treatment and lack of experience with such patients cause their higher mortality rate. The main aim of the case: The aim of the study is to present the clinical treatment and the palliative care of the patient with Astrocytoma GII/GIII (ICD 10 C -71). Data and Methods: Analyses of the medical documentation, observation and nursing interview with the patient’s family were taken into account.Case study: A 39 year old woman, who had never been cured for cancer before, was transferred from the neurosurgery to the palliative care ward with brain cancer astrocytoma GII/GIII without any contact and lack of improvement of her condition. After a symptomatic treatment, a combined therapy was applied which consisted of oral chemotherapy (Lomustine) and radiotherapy. The patient’s condition was systematically improving. The patient and her family received care and support from the therapeutic team, which made it possible for the patient to return back home after eight months on the ward. It made the patient function alone and lead active social life despite of the limitations caused by cancer.Conclusions: It is not advisable to make quick decisions of ceasing the treatment only because of the diagnosis of inoperable brain malignant cancers. The therapeutic team play a significant role in the process of restoring the vital functions of the patient and in the entire therapy. Especially the family, who are the active members of the team, become very important. Education and the family support is essential and helps to tackle such a difficult chronic disease with bad prognosis. It also helps to understand specific symptoms and behaviours of the patients with brain cancer much better. Furthermore, it helps to lower the level of the family’s anxiety and frustration. Active cooperation of the family and the therapeutic team allows the patient to get back home AFVSS.

scholarly journals Home Education and Schooling in Russia in the 1910s–1920s: Memoirs of T. Znamerovskaya Stored in the Fonds of the Russian National Library

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-312
Author(s):  
Anna V. Morozova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Assistant Professor ◽  
Family Education ◽  
Source Analysis ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Home Education ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
National Library ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of

The article is devoted to the problem of home education and schooling in Russia in the 1910s–1920s. The author draws attention to the fact that this topic has not been sufficiently covered in the study of Russian society, although it deserves to be studied no less than history of various educational institutions. Memoirs remain the main source, as features of family education simply can’t be studied on the basis of official documentation. In this regard, the collections of the Manuscript Department of the Russian National Library are of great use to the historians specializing in the history of childhood, for instance, the recently discovered fond of T. P. Znamerovskaya (1912–77) – Ph. D in History of Art, assistant professor of the history of art department at the Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) State University, researcher, author of numerous publications on the history of Spanish and Italian art of the 15–17th centuries, a woman of many accomplishments, poet, indefatigable traveler, memoirist. The article analyzes her memoirs, which describe the events from her birth to 1929, when she graduated from the “Znamerovsky school.” It uses the methods of source analysis, grouping facts related to the problem of educational activities in the family, comparing them, and producing typological generalization. Drawing on archival materials, major factors of upbringing and education have been identified, which dated back to scientist's childhood and contributed to the comprehensive development of her personality. In the case-study of the Znamerovsky family the author studies the nature of home education in the Russian intellectual’s families in the 1910s–20s. The article demonstrates the primary role of the family in the education, its main pedagogical strategies and specific trends in the educational tactics, which became uncharacteristic in the Soviet education. The emphasis was placed on the humanitarian sphere in order to educate a person with significant creative and intellectual potential. First of all, the children were to study literature, history, geography, foreign languages (in their spoken form), music, and theater. Exact sciences took a back seat. In early childhood, the education took form of games, theater performances, walks, and reading. The school was to systematize the already accumulated store of knowledge. According to the author, the new archival materials bring it home that the Russian intellectuals of the early 20th century developed and battle-tested a tradition of family education and schooling methods that produced humane, creative, and independently-minded people.

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