Effect of non-structural carbohydrate accumulation in the stem pre-anthesis on grain filling of wheat inferior grain

2017 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 66-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxin Liang ◽  
Zhichao Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxia Wen ◽  
Yuncheng Liao ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Carbohydrate Accumulation ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate

Characterisation of a rice vacuolar invertase isoform, OsINV2, for growth and yield-related traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamitha R. Morey ◽  
Tatsuro Hirose ◽  
Yoichi Hashida ◽  
Akio Miyao ◽  
Hirohiko Hirochika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Vacuolar Invertase ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate ◽  
Overexpression Phenotype

OsINV2, a rice vacuolar invertase isoform, was assessed for its functional roles in plant growth and development with key focus on its agronomic traits such as grain weight, grain filling percentage, grain number and dry weights at various stages until harvest. Lack of differences between the wild-type and the mutants with respect to any of the aforementioned traits tested revealed a possibility of functional compensation of OsINV2 in the mutants conceivably by its isoform. This was confirmed by OsINV2 promoter::GUS studies, where its spatial and temporal expression in the panicle elongation stages showed that although OsINV2 expression was observed from the stage with young panicles ~1 cm in length to the flag leaf stage, significant differences with respect to panicle and spikelet phenotypes between the wild-type and the mutant were not present. However, complement lines displaying an overexpression phenotype of OsINV2 possessed a higher stem non-structural carbohydrate content under both monoculm and normal tillering conditions. A trade-off between the spikelet number and grain weight in the complement lines grown under monoculm conditions was also observed, pointing towards the necessity of OsINV2 regulation for grain yield-related traits.

Effects of Panicle Nitrogen Fertilization on Non-Structural Carbohydrate and Grain Filling in Indica Rice

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1630-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-mei ZHENG ◽  
Yan-feng DING ◽  
Zheng-hui LIU ◽  
Shao-hua WANG
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate

Genotypic variation in water-soluble carbohydrate accumulation in wheat

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari A. Ruuska ◽  
Greg J. Rebetzke ◽  
Anthony F. van Herwaarden ◽  
Richard A. Richards ◽  
Neil A. Fettell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Broad Sense Heritability ◽  
Carbohydrate Accumulation ◽  
Sequential Mechanism ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate

The water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) that accumulates in the stems of wheat during growth can be an important contributor to grain filling, particularly under conditions when assimilation is limited, such as during end-of-season drought. WSC concentration was measured at anthesis across a diverse set of wheat genotypes over multiple environments. Environmental differences in WSC concentration were large (means for the set ranging between 108 and 203 mg g–1 dry weight), and there were significant and repeatable differences in WSC accumulation among genotypes (means ranging from 112 to 213 mg g–1 dry weight averaged across environments), associated with large broad-sense heritability (H = 0.90 ± 0.12). These results suggest that breeding for high WSC should be possible in wheat. The composition of the WSC, examined in selected genotypes, indicated that the variation in total WSC was attributed mainly to variation in the fructan component, with the other major soluble carbohydrates, sucrose and hexose, varying less. The degree of polymerisation (DP) of fructo-oligosaccharides was up to ~13 in samples where higher levels of WSC were accumulated, owing either to genotype or environment, but the higher DP components (DP > 6) were decreased in samples of lower total WSC. The results are consistent with fructan biosynthesis occurring via a sequential mechanism that is dependent on the availability of sucrose, and differences in WSC contents of genotypes are unlikely to be due to major mechanistic differences.

Drought Stress Induces Changes in the Non-Structural Carbohydrate Composition of Wheat Stems

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Virgona ◽  
EWR Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Structural Carbohydrate ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The effect of drought stress on the non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) composition and water relations of the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stem has been investigated. Five separate parts of the stem were sampled: the unsheathed portion of the peduncle (Stem 1a), the sheathed portion of the peduncle (Stem 1b), the penultimate internode (Stem 2), the lower internodes (Stem 3+4) and the flag-leaf-pulvinus (pulvinus). The NSC was analysed as two fractions, an ethanol-soluble carbohydrate (ESC) fraction containing mono- and di-saccharides and some low molecular weight oligosaccharides, and a water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) fraction containing mostly fructans and some high molecular weight oligosaccharides. In Stems 1b, 2 and 3 +4, the imposition of drought midway through grain filling resulted in a shift in soluble carbohydrate from the WSC to the ESC fraction indicating hydrolysis of fructans. In Stem 2 on day 29 of grain filling, the WSC/ESC ratio was 7.6 � 1.5 in well watered plants in contrast to 0.5 � 0.1 in droughted plants on day 30, even though NSC concentration did not differ. The NSC content of Stem la and the pulvinus increased threefold under drought, although levels were significantly lower than in the rest of the stem. The WSC/ESC ratio in these tissues was low com- pared to the rest of the stem but still declined noticeably under drought stress. Turgor (P) was fully maintained in Stem 2 and the pulvinus of droughted plants. Under drought, P in the pulvinus was maintained at higher levels (1.9-2.4 MPa) than in Stem 2 (0.8-1.2 MPa).

scholarly journals Response of elevated temperature on carbohydrate accumulation and grain yield in different wheat cultivars

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soyema Khatun ◽  
Jalal Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Carbohydrate Accumulation ◽  
Grain Filling Duration

In order to study the response of terminal heat stress on carbohydrate accumulation and grain yield of three wheat cultivars namely BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26 and Pavon 76 were sown on 18 November, 2011 in experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur in Bangladesh and two temperature regimes viz. normal (23°C in open field) and elevated (6 ± 1°C higher compare to open field mean air temperature in polythene chamber) were created. Elevated temperature shortened the grain filling duration by 5-day in BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 and 10-day in Pavon 76. Under elevated temperature condition grain starch synthesis was found to be stopped at 25 days after anthesis (DAA) in Pavon 76 which in BARI Gom 26 appeared 5-day later (30 DAA) in spite of higher level of soluble sugar in grain. Results indicate that early failure of conversion of sugar to starch rather than supply of soluble sugar under elevated temperature condition were responsible for shortening of grain filling duration and smaller grain size in all wheat cultivars. Smaller reduction of grain size and grain number along with smaller reduction of grain weight per main stem under elevated temperature condition finally contributed to sustain negligible loss of grain yield, biological yield and harvest index in BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 compare to Pavon 76.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 205-215, June 2015

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document