scholarly journals Characterization of functional bacterial groups in a hypersaline microbial mat community (Salins-de-Giraud, Camargue, France)

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aude Fourçans ◽  
Tirso García Oteyza ◽  
Andrea Wieland ◽  
Antoni Solé ◽  
Elia Diestra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Mat ◽  
Bacterial Groups

Isolation and characterization of bacteria from the rhizosphere and bulk soil of Stellera chamaejasme L.

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyan Cui ◽  
Xiaoyan Yang ◽  
Dengxue Lu ◽  
Hui Jin ◽  
Zhiqiang Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Fruiting Stage ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Stellera Chamaejasme ◽  
Bacterial Groups

This study is the first to describe the composition and characteristics of culturable bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere and bulk soil of the medicinal plant Stellera chamaejasme L. at different growth stages. Using a cultivation-dependent approach, a total of 148 isolates showing different phenotypic properties were obtained from the rhizosphere and bulk soil. Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were the major bacterial groups in both the rhizosphere and bulk soil at all 4 growth stages of S. chamaejasme. The diversity of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere was higher than that in bulk soil in flowering and fruiting stages. The abundance of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere changed with the growth stages and had a major shift at the fruiting stage. Dynamic changes of bacterial abundance and many bacterial groups in the rhizosphere were similar to those in bulk soil. Furthermore, most bacterial isolates exhibited single or multiple biochemical activities associated with S. chamaejasme growth, which revealed that bacteria with multiple physiological functions were abundant and widespread in the rhizosphere and bulk soil. These results are essential (i) for understanding the ecological roles of bacteria in the rhizosphere and bulk soil and (ii) as a foundation for further evaluating their efficacy as effective S. chamaejasme growth-promoting rhizobacteria.

scholarly journals FUNGAL DYSBIOSIS CORRELATES WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF TUMOUR-INDUCED CACHEXIA IN MICE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Jabes ◽  
Y.N.L.F. de Maria ◽  
D. Aciole Barbosa ◽  
K.B.N.H. Santos ◽  
L.M. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Adjuvant Therapies ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Underlying Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Groups

ABSTRACTCachexia (CC) is a devastating metabolic syndrome associated with a series of underlying diseases that greatly affects life quality and expectancy among cancer patients. Studies involving mouse models, in which CC was induced through inoculation with tumor cells, originally suggested the existence of a direct correlation between the development of this syndrome and changes in the relative proportions of several bacterial groups present in the digestive tract. However, these analyses have focus solely on the characterization of bacterial dysbiosis, ignoring the possible existence of changes in the relative populations of fungi, during the development of CC. Thus, the present study sought to expand such analyses, by characterizing changes that occur in the gut fungal population (mycobiota) of mice, during the development of cancer-induced cachexia. Our results confirm that cachectic animals display significant differences in their gut mycobiota, when compared to healthy controls. Moreover, identification of dysbiotic fungi showed remarkable consistency across successive levels of taxonomic hierarchy. Many of these fungi have also been associated with dysbioses observed in a series of gut inflammatory diseases, such as obesity, Colorectal Cancer (CRC), Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Nonetheless, the CC-associated dysbiosis seems to be unique, presenting features observed in both obesity (reduced proportion of Mucoromycota) and CRC/ME/IBD (increased proportions of Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetaceae and Malassezia). One species of Mucoromycota (Rhyzopus oryzae) stands out as a promising probiotic candidate in adjuvant therapies, aimed at treating and/or preventing the development of CC.

scholarly journals Characterization of Endolithic Culturable Microbial Communities in Carbonate Rocks from a Typical Karst Canyon in Guizhou (China)

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Tang ◽  
Jian-Zhong Cheng ◽  
Bin Lian
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Geological Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Bacterial Groups

The endolithic environment is a ubiquitous habitat for microorganisms and a critical interface between biology and geology. In this study, a culture-based method and the phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were used to investigate the diversity of endolithic bacteria and fungi in two main types of carbonate rocks (namely dolomite and limestone) from Nanjiang Canyon in Guizhou karst area, China. The results of bacterial diversity indicated that all bacteria isolated from dolomite and limestone rocks were divided into 4 bacterial groups, including Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. For these two kinds of rocks, Proteobacteria was the first dominant group, and Gammaproteobacteria occupied the greatest proportion which might be closely related to Pseudomonas in phylogeny to be the most dominant genera after isolation. Actinobacteria and Bacillus bacteria were also widespread in these two kinds of rock environments. There were only 9 and 8 strains of fungi isolated from dolomite and limestone respectively, which all belonged to Ascomycota. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on diversity of endolithic culturable bacteria and fungi in carbonate rocks in Guizhou karst region. These microorganisms may play an important and unprecedented role in the carbonate rock weathering during the long history of geological evolution.

scholarly journals Fungal Dysbiosis Correlates with the Development of Tumor-Induced Cachexia in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 364
Author(s):  
Daniela L. Jabes ◽  
Yara N. L. F. de Maria ◽  
David Aciole Barbosa ◽  
Kaltinaitis B. N. H. Santos ◽  
Lucas M. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Cachexia ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Lewis Lung ◽  
Fungal Population ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Underlying Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Groups

Cachexia (CC) is a devastating metabolic syndrome associated with a series of underlying diseases that greatly affects life quality and expectancy among cancer patients. Studies involving mouse models, in which CC was induced through inoculation with tumor cells, originally suggested the existence of a direct correlation between the development of this syndrome and changes in the relative proportions of several bacterial groups present in the digestive tract. However, these analyses have focus solely on the characterization of bacterial dysbiosis, ignoring the possible existence of changes in the relative populations of fungi, during the development of CC. Thus, the present study sought to expand such analyses, by characterizing changes that occur in the gut fungal population (mycobiota) of mice, during the development of cancer-induced cachexia. Our results confirm that cachectic animals, submitted to Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) transplantation, display significant differences in their gut mycobiota, when compared to healthy controls. Moreover, identification of dysbiotic fungi showed remarkable consistency across successive levels of taxonomic hierarchy. Many of these fungi have also been associated with dysbioses observed in a series of gut inflammatory diseases, such as obesity, colorectal cancer (CRC), myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Nonetheless, the dysbiosis verified in the LLC model of cancer cachexia seems to be unique, presenting features observed in both obesity (reduced proportion of Mucoromycota) and CRC/ME/IBD (increased proportions of Sordariomycetes, Saccharomycetaceae and Malassezia). One species of Mucoromycota (Rhyzopus oryzae) stands out as a promising probiotic candidate in adjuvant therapies, aimed at treating and/or preventing the development of CC.

Characterization of polyhydroxyalkanoate and the phaC gene of Paracoccus seriniphilus E71 strain isolated from a polluted marine microbial mat

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro López-Cortés ◽  
Oliverio Rodríguez-Fernández ◽  
Hever Latisnere-Barragán ◽  
Humberto C. Mejía-Ruíz ◽  
Getzabeth González-Gutiérrez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Mat ◽  
Phac Gene

scholarly journals Lytic Bacteroides uniformis bacteriophages exhibiting host tropism congruent with diversity generating retroelement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Hedzet ◽  
Tomaž Accetto ◽  
Maja Rupnik
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Host Tropism ◽  
Sequence Variations ◽  
Common Marker ◽  
Evolutionary Advantage ◽  
Bacterial Groups

AbstractIntestinal phages are abundant and important component of gut microbiota, but our knowledge remains limited to only a few isolated and characterized representatives targeting numerically dominant gut bacteria. Here we describe isolation of human intestinal phages infecting Bacteroides uniformis. Bacteroides is one of the most common bacterial groups in the global human gut microbiota, however, to date not many Bacteroides specific phages are known. Phages isolated in this study belong to a novel viral genus, Bacuni, within Siphoviridae family and represent the first lytic phages, genomes of which encode diversity generating retroelements (DGR). This region is assumed to promote phage adaptation to the rapidly changing environmental conditions and to broaden its host range. Three isolated phages showed 99,83% genome identity but infected distinct B. uniformis strains. The tropism of Bacuni phages appeared to be dependent on the interplay of DGR mediated sequence variations of phage fimbrial tip proteins and mutations in host genes coding for outer-membrane proteins. We found prophages with up to 85% aa similarity to Bacuni phages in the genomes of B. acidifaciens and Prevotella sp.. Despite the abundance of Bacteroides within human microbiome, we found Bacuni phages only in a limited subset of published gut metagenomes.ImportanceThe lack of common marker gene in viruses require a precise characterization of diverse isolated phages to enhance metagenomic analyses and to understand their role in gut microbiota. Here we report the isolation of phages representing a new genus with characteristics so far not known or rarely described in intestinal phages. They are the first lytic phages specific for Bacteroides uniformis, a bacterial representative of the prevalent genus in the gut of humans and animals. Additionally, they are the first lytic phages containing specific regions (diversity generating retroelement) that putatively influence host tropism. The ability to switch constantly the targeted populations of the host species could provide an evolutionary advantage to these bacteriophages and may affect intra species diversity.

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