Influence of climate conditions on aflatoxin M1 contamination in raw milk from Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Food Control ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lídia Cristina Almeida Picinin ◽  
Mônica Maria Oliveira Pinho Cerqueira ◽  
Eugênia Azevedo Vargas ◽  
Ângela Maria Quintão Lana ◽  
Isabela Maia Toaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Minas Gerais State

scholarly journals Study of aflatoxins incidence in cow feed and milk in Serbia during 2013.

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 651-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danka Spiric ◽  
Jasna Djinovic ◽  
Vesna Jankovic ◽  
Branko Velebit ◽  
Tatjana Radicevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Beet Pulp

Atypical weather and climate conditions during the spring and summer 2012th were assumed to be the main reason for the aflatoxins contamination of corn crops in Serbia. High humidity in spring, and summer temperatures above the average contributed to the increased possibility of mycotoxins occurance in cereals in the fields. As a consequence, at the begining of 2013th contaminated corn used for dairy cows diet had negative impact on the safety of cow milk. The routine laboratory control data revealed an increased content of aflatoxin M1 in milk samples. Large number of raw milk and various feedstuff samples were collected from February to April 2013th and were analysed for the presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and aflatoxin B1 respectively. The collected samples were a part of enhanced self-control plans of the large dairy farms. Quantitative competitive and sandwich types of ELISA tests were used for the screening analysis of the feed and milk samples. Confirmation of the positive results obtained by ELISA tests was performed by UPLC-MS/MS method. Out of 281 samples of complete mixtures for dairy cows, 67 samples (24%) contained aflatoxin B1 quantities higher than the MRL of 0,005 mg/kg [4]. Corn samples were also tested for the presence of aflatoxin B1 revealing contamination of 22% above the MRL (0.03mg/kg). Aflatoxin M1 content in the 934 positive milk samples ranged from 0,005- 1,25 ?g/kg. The corresponding feed samples of sunflower meal, hay silage, corn silage and sugar beet pulp were screening negative, with the content of aflatoxin B1 less than 2 ?g/kg. The main source of aflatoxins were corn samples, wholemeal and feed mixtures derived from contaminated corn. The contamination peak was during March 2013, when 65% of milk samples contained amounts of aflatoxin M1 higher than 0,05 ?g/kg, and 13% of milk samples contained amounts higher than 0,5 ?g/kg.

scholarly journals Survey of Minas frescal cheese from Southwest Minas Gerais for virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolates

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1506-1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mõnica Hitomi Okura ◽  
José Moacir Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Markers ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Raw Milk Cheese

The soft cheese Minas frescal is one of the most popular cheese in Brazil, which is typically manufactured in small dairy farms under unsatisfactory hygiene conditions. To assess the risk involved in consumption of this cheese, virulence markers were investigated in 330 Escherichia coli strains isolated from 30 Minas frescal cheeses inspected by official government agency (SIF - serviço de inspeção federal), from 50 cheeses not inspected by SIF and 31 cheeses not inspected by SIF with spice added, all of them collected in the southwest of Minas Gerais State. The E. coli isolates were screened for the presence of Shiga toxin-encoding (stx 1 and stx 2), intimin (eae) genes and for the presence of (pap, sfa, afa) genes related to adhesion in epithelial cells. The only gene detected by PCR was the sfa gene at one isolate. The strains were also screened for resistance to 9 antimicrobial drugs. Predominant resistance was to cephalothin, tetracycline and streptomycin. Multidrug resistance was found among isolates from cheese with SIF (16.6%), cheese without SIF (8.0%) and cheese without SIF with spice added (30.0%) what is a reason for concern due to the high consumption of raw milk cheese by the Brazilian population.

scholarly journals Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in parmesan cheese consumed in Minas Gerais, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1906-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Prado ◽  
Marize Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Adriana Souza Lima ◽  
Ana Paula Aprigio Moreira
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Tolerance Limit ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Fluorescence Detector ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Maximum Tolerance ◽  
Parmesan Cheese

Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) may occur in milk and milk products, resulting from the ingestion of aflatoxin B1 in feedstuffs by dairy cow. A total of 88 samples of Parmesan cheese marketed in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, from March 2004 to December 2004, were analyzed for AFM1 by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector following sample clean-up using immunoaffinity columns. AFM1 was detected in 40 of the 88 samples (46.4%). However, only two samples among these were contaminated at a level above the maximum permissible limit (250 ng kg-1) accepted by European Union for AFM1. No AFM1 maximum tolerance limit in cheese has been established in Brazil.

scholarly journals Effect of seasonal conditions and milk management practices on bulk milk quality in Minas Gerais State - Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1355-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C.A. Picinin ◽  
M.T. Bordignon-Luiz ◽  
M.M.O.P. Cerqueira ◽  
I.M. Toaldo ◽  
F.N. Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Laboratory Analysis ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Rainy Period ◽  
Minas Gerais State

ABSTRACT The influence of seasonality and the training and implementation of good dairy farming practices on raw milk production and quality was evaluated on dairy farms in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The physico-chemical composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and total bacterial count (TBC) were determined in 3,096 milk samples collected from bulk tanks originated from 43 dairy farms over a three-year period and correlated with key climatic factors. The recommended milking management practices were applied through a training program and correlated with the seasonal data in three stages: I) prior to training (dry period); II) 48 days after the training (transition period); III) 96 days after the training (rainy period). In the first stage, a diagnosis of the situation was performed with raw milk samplings for laboratory analysis, and training for implementation of good milking practices. In stages II and II, the checklist and laboratory analysis were also performed. The rainfall and high temperatures were found to represent the main factors affecting the milk composition and production, and TBC. The composition and physical properties of raw milk, and the TBC and SCC parameters can be controlled or minimized by applying proper milking management practices and constant monitoring.

scholarly journals Chilled raw milk quality: a case study in Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Paulo de Lima ◽  
Gustavo Bastos Braga ◽  
Ronaldo Perez ◽  
Antonio Fernandes de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Minas Gerais State

ABSTRACT: This paper aimed to analyze the evolution of the quality of raw milk produced by producers in the Zona da Mata region, in the state of Minas Gerais, between 2012 and 2018. For this purpose, we used the linear mixed-effects model to analyze the monthly evolution of the results of milk composition indicators (fat, protein, and defatted dry extract - DDE), somatic cell count - SCC, and total bacterial count - TBC, from the official monthly registry of 94 milk producers, suppliers of a region’s dairy. Results indicate a continuous reduction in the milk composition indicators between 2014 and 2018. For the SCC and TBC indicators, we identified only one-off reductions. The supply of a larger volume of milk was associated with increased TBC. Seasonality influenced all quality indicators analyzed. According to these results, we concluded that the analyzed quality of chilled raw milk offered by producers was proven worse from 2012 to 2018, despite the actions implemented by the National Milk Quality Improvement Program - PNMQL.

scholarly journals Productive performance of blackberry cultivars in altitude region

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica de Oliveira ◽  
Maria do Céu Monteiro da Cruz ◽  
Rodrigo Amato Moreira ◽  
Miriã Cristina Pereira Fagundes ◽  
Cintia Gonçalves Sena
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Climatological Data ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Minas Gerais State

ABSTRACT: Information on the production performance of blackberry in less colder regions are fundamentals to the expansion of the cultivated area and extension of management practices for cultivars adapted to climate conditions in Brazil. The research was carried out with the aim to evaluate the productive performance of different blackberries cultivars in altitude region of 1,387m with mild temperatures, situate at 18º14’56”S, 43º36’0”W, in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. It was carried during the seasons 2013/2014, 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The blackberry cultivars evaluated were the following ones ‘Brazos’, ‘Guarani’, ‘Tupy’ and ‘Xavante’. Flowering and harvesting of cultivars were evaluated as well as climatological data of the area in order to relate the number of hours of accumulated cold less than 13°C, 10°C and 7.2°C with production and crop time. To determine the production, the mass of blackberries harvested per plant was measured. Production of blackberry cultivars was extended in altitude region with similar productivity to the other producing regions in Brazil. Productive performance of the cultivars varied according to the accumulation of cold hours with mild temperatures that occurred in cultivation region. ‘Brazos’, ‘Guarani’, ‘Tupy’ and ‘Xavante’ showed good adaptation, being ‘Brazos’ the cultivar most productive.

Impact of climate change on aflatoxin M1 contamination of raw milk with special focus on climate conditions in Serbia

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 5202-5210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Milićević ◽  
Radivoj Petronijević ◽  
Zoran Petrović ◽  
Jasna Đjinović‐Stojanović ◽  
Jelena Jovanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change

Estimation of Aflatoxin M1 Levels in Some Dairy Products Manufactured from Raw Milk Experimentally Inoculated with Toxin

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
H. S. Alnaemi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Aflatoxin M1 ◽  
Consumer Health ◽  
Goat’S Milk ◽  
White Cheese ◽  
Elisa Technique ◽  
Permissible Levels ◽  
Goat's Milk

     Fate of AflatoxinM1 in soft white cheese and its by-product (whey) and in yogurt locally made from raw sheep's and goat's milk experimentally inoculated with 0.05 and 0.5 µg/l AflatoxinM1 were investigated using ELISA technique. Results reported that AflatoxinM1 was concentrated in cheese at levels significantly higher than that recorded in the raw milk that used for its processing, with a significant decrease in AflatoxinM1 levels in its by-product (whey) comparable to the raw milk used in manufacturing at both inoculated levels. Yogurt produced from raw sheep's milk at second inoculated level exerted AflatoxinM1concentration significantly lower than that present in the milk. Significant differences in AflatoxinM1distribution in cheese and whey produced from sheep's milk comparable to their counterparts produced from goat's milk were recorded. Finally, results revealed the efficacious role of the various dairy manufacturing processes in AflatoxinM1 distribution and the necessity to issue of local legislations concerning the maximum permissible limits for AflatoxinM1 in milk in order to stay within the universal permissible levels for AflatoxinM1 in dairy products to provide greater protection for consumer health. 

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