Rolling horizon control architecture for distributed agents of thermostatically controlled loads enabling long-term grid-level ancillary services

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 106630
Author(s):  
Ahraf Radaideh ◽  
Ayman Al-Quraan ◽  
Hussein Al-Masri ◽  
Zaid Albataineh
Keyword(s):  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Control Architecture ◽  
Rolling Horizon ◽  
Distributed Agents ◽  
Thermostatically Controlled Loads ◽  
Grid Level

scholarly journals Long Term Impact of Grid Level Energy Storage on Renewable Energy Penetration and Emissions in the Chilean Electric System

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serguey Maximov ◽  
Gareth Harrison ◽  
Daniel Friedrich
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Level Energy ◽  
Renewable Generation ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Electricity System ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Grid Level

Chile has abundant solar and wind resources and renewable generation is becoming competitive with fossil fuel generation. However, due to renewable resource variability their large-scale integration into the electricity grid is not trivial. This study evaluates the long-term impact of grid level energy storage, specifically Pumped Thermal Energy Storage (PTES), on the penetration of solar and wind energies and on CO2 emissions reduction in Chile. A cost based linear optimization model of the Chilean electricity system is developed and used to analyse and optimize different renewable generation, transmission and energy storage scenarios until 2050. For the base scenario of decommissioning ageing coal plants and no new coal and large hydro generation, the generation gap is filled by solar photovoltaic (PV), concentrated solar power (CSP) and flexible gas generation with the associated drop of 78% in the CO2 emission factor. The integration of on-grid 8h capacity storage increases the solar PV fraction which leads to a 6% reduction in operation and investment costs by 2050. However, this does not necessarily lead to further reductions in the long term emissions. Thus, it is crucial to consider all aspects of the energy system when planning the transition to a low carbon electricity system.

FERC Order 841 levels the playing field for energy storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rao Konidena
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Capacity Market ◽  
Storage Resource ◽  
Additional Level ◽  
Grid Operators ◽  
Grid Level ◽  
Evening Peak

ABSTRACTFERC Order 841 focused on standardizing electric storage resource (ESR) participation in wholesale energy, ancillary services, and capacity market ruleset, by treating storage as a generation resource. Treatment of storage as a transmission asset (SATA) is up in the air. Expect to see FERC action on ISO/RTO compliance plans in 2019.Energy storage is finally getting its due at the wholesale grid level, thanks to FERC Order 841. All the grid operators within FERC jurisdiction must comply with FERC order to allow “electric storage resource” to participate in their markets. Storage increases capacity value of renewables and decreases variability as the grid makes way for more renewables such as wind and solar. Market Monitors must understand that storage could “withhold” its capacity in early morning ramp hours for evening peak ramp hours, or participate in ancillary services regulation market without bidding into the energy market. At the same time, this resource could be a transmission asset, adding an additional level of complexity. This FERC Order 841 has its own challenges: (i) it treats storage as a generation asset, (ii) some (such as National Association for Utility Regulators) think FERC stepped on their toes, (iii) it does not address all the value stack benefits for storage-like transmission for example, and (iv) aggregation of distribution connected storage is side stepped. So the industry is watching for clear direction from their Federal regulator on this important technology, which is finally getting its due.

New rolling horizon optimization approaches to balance short-term and long-term decisions: An application to energy planning

Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122773
Author(s):  
Étienne Cuisinier ◽  
Pierre Lemaire ◽  
Bernard Penz ◽  
Alain Ruby ◽  
Cyril Bourasseau
Keyword(s):  
Energy Planning ◽  
Rolling Horizon ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rolling Horizon Optimization

scholarly journals Ancillary Services in Hybrid AC/DC Low Voltage Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3591 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Maza-Ortega ◽  
Juan M. Mauricio ◽  
Manuel Barragán-Villarejo ◽  
Charis Demoulias ◽  
Antonio Gómez-Expósito
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
New Agents ◽  
Distributed Agents ◽  
Power Electronics Converters ◽  
Electrical Vehicles

In the last decade, distribution systems are experiencing a drastic transformation with the advent of new technologies. In fact, distribution networks are no longer passive systems, considering the current integration rates of new agents such as distributed generation, electrical vehicles and energy storage, which are greatly influencing the way these systems are operated. In addition, the intrinsic DC nature of these components, interfaced to the AC system through power electronics converters, is unlocking the possibility for new distribution topologies based on AC/DC networks. This paper analyzes the evolution of AC distribution systems, the advantages of AC/DC hybrid arrangements and the active role that the new distributed agents may play in the upcoming decarbonized paradigm by providing different ancillary services.

scholarly journals Surface curvature guides early construction activity in mound-building termites

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1774) ◽  
pp. 20180374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Calovi ◽  
Paul Bardunias ◽  
Nicole Carey ◽  
J. Scott Turner ◽  
Radhika Nagpal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Curvature ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Distributed Agents ◽  
Soil Displacement ◽  
Construction Activity ◽  
Absolute Height ◽  
Early Exploration ◽  
Topographical Cues

Termite colonies construct towering, complex mounds, in a classic example of distributed agents coordinating their activity via interaction with a shared environment. The traditional explanation for how this coordination occurs focuses on the idea of a ‘cement pheromone’, a chemical signal left with deposited soil that triggers further deposition. Recent research has called this idea into question, pointing to a more complicated behavioural response to cues perceived with multiple senses. In this work, we explored the role of topological cues in affecting early construction activity in Macrotermes . We created artificial surfaces with a known range of curvatures, coated them with nest soil, placed groups of major workers on them and evaluated soil displacement as a function of location at the end of 1 h. Each point on the surface has a given curvature, inclination and absolute height; to disambiguate these factors, we conducted experiments with the surface in different orientations. Soil displacement activity is consistently correlated with surface curvature, and not with inclination nor height. Early exploration activity is also correlated with curvature, to a lesser degree. Topographical cues provide a long-term physical memory of building activity in a manner that ephemeral pheromone labelling cannot. Elucidating the roles of these and other cues for group coordination may help provide organizing principles for swarm robotics and other artificial systems. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Liquid brains, solid brains: How distributed cognitive architectures process information’.

scholarly journals Ancillary Services Market Design in Distribution Networks: Review and Identification of Barriers

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Oureilidis ◽  
Kyriaki-Nefeli Malamaki ◽  
Konstantinos Gallos ◽  
Achilleas Tsitsimelis ◽  
Christos Dikaiakos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Ancillary Services ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Grid Level

The high proliferation of converter-dominated Distributed Renewable Energy Sources (DRESs) at the distribution grid level has gradually replaced the conventional synchronous generators (SGs) of the transmission system, resulting in emerging stability and security challenges. The inherent characteristics of the SGs are currently used for providing ancillary services (ASs), following the instructions of the Transmission System Operator, while the DRESs are obliged to offer specific system support functions, without being remunerated for these functions, but only for the energy they inject. This changing environment has prompted the integration of energy storage systems as a solution for transfusing new characteristics and elaborating their business in the electricity markets, while the smart grid infrastructure and the upcoming microgrid architectures contribute to the transformation of the distribution grid. This review investigates the existing ASs in transmission system with the respective markets (emphasizing the DRESs’ participation in these markets) and proposes new ASs at distribution grid level, with emphasis to inertial response, active power ramp rate control, frequency response, voltage regulation, fault contribution and harmonic mitigation. The market tools and mechanisms for the procurement of these ASs are presented evolving the existing role of the Operators. Finally, potential barriers in the technical, regulatory, and financial framework have been identified and analyzed.

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