scholarly journals Optimization and comparison of maceration and microwave extraction systems for the production of phenolic compounds from Juglans regia L. for the valorization of walnut leaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Vieira ◽  
Miguel A. Prieto ◽  
Lillian Barros ◽  
João A.P. Coutinho ◽  
Olga Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Walnut Leaves

scholarly journals Insights on the Extraction Performance of Alkanediols and Glycerol: Using Juglans regia L. Leaves as a Source of Bioactive Compounds

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Vieira ◽  
Ricardo C. Calhelha ◽  
Lillian Barros ◽  
João A. P. Coutinho ◽  
Isabel C. F. R. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Porcine Liver ◽  
Alternative Solvents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Walnut Leaves

Glycerol and alkanediols are being studied as alternative solvents to extract phytochemicals from plant material, often as hydrogen bond donors in deep eutectic solvents (DESs). Many of those alcohols are liquid at room temperature, yet studies of their use as extraction solvents are scarce. In this work, glycerol and a series of alkanediols (1,2-ethanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 1,2-hexanediol) were studied for the extraction of phenolic compounds from Juglans regia L. leaves, a rich source of this class of bioactive compounds. The extraction yield was quantified, and the bioactivity of both extracts and pure solvents was evaluated by measuring the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. The solvents showing the best combined results were 1,2 and 1,3-propanediol, as their extracts presented a high amount of phenolic compounds, close to the results of ethanol, and similar cytotoxicity against cervical carcinoma cells, with no impact on non-tumor porcine liver cells in the studied concentration range. On the other hand, none of the extracts (and solvents) presented anti-inflammatory activity. Overall, the results obtained in this work contribute to the study of alternative solvents that could potentially be used also as formulation media, highlighting the importance of walnut leaves as a source of bioactive compounds.

Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity, Fatty Acids and Volatile Profiles of 18 Different Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Cultivars and Genotypes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volkan Okatan ◽  
Muhammet Ali Gündeşli ◽  
Nesibe Ebru Kafkas ◽  
Şule Hilal Attar ◽  
İbrahim Kahramanoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Volatile Profiles

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization, Antioxidant and Protein Solubility-Related Properties of Polyphenolic Compounds from Walnut (Juglans regia)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Labuckas ◽  
Damián Maestri ◽  
Alicia Lamarque
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Protein Solubility ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Hydrogen Atom Transfer ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Ionization Behavior

Aqueous ethanol extraction of partially defatted walnut flours provides a simple and reliable method to obtain extracts with high content of polyphenolic compounds. These were characterized by means of HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analytical techniques and molecular parameters. Considering the whole set of polyphenolic compounds identified, a high average number of phenolic-OH groups was found. Although these represent potential hydrogen-atom transfer sites, which are associated with high free-radical scavenging capacity, results show that such a property could be strongly limited by the low lipophilicity of polyphenols affecting the accessibility of these molecules to lipid substrates. Variations in pH values were found to change the ionization behavior of phenolic compounds. These changes, however, had minor effects on walnut protein solubility-related properties. The results obtained in this study highlight the importance of molecular characterization of walnut phenolic compounds in order to assess better their bioactive properties.

scholarly journals Optimization of the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Walnut (Juglans major 209 x Juglans regia) Leaves: Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Profile

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Fernández-Agulló ◽  
Aída Castro-Iglesias ◽  
María Sonia Freire ◽  
Julia González-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Walnut Leaves

This work studies the extraction of phenolic compounds from walnut leaves of the hybrid Juglans major 209 x Juglans regia based on extract antioxidant capacity. Once the solid/liquid ratio was selected (1/10 g/mL), by means of a Box-Benkhen experimental design, the influence of temperature (25–75 °C), time (30–120 min), and aqueous ethanol concentration (10–90%) on extraction yield and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) antioxidant activities were analyzed. In all cases, the quadratic effect of % EtOH was the most significant, followed by the linear effect of temperature and, for most of the responses, the effect of time was almost negligible. Response surface analysis allowed to select the optimal extraction conditions: 75 °C, 120 min and 50% ethanol, which led to the following extract properties: extraction yield, 30.17%; FRAP, 1468 nmol ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/mg extract d.b.; DPPH, 1.318 mmol Trolox equivalents (TRE)/g extract d.b.; DPPH EC50, 0.11 mg/mL; ABTS, 1.256 mmol TRE/g extract (on dry basis) and ABTS EC50, 0.985 mg/mL. Quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, neochlorogenic acid, and chlorogenic acid, in this order, were the main compounds identified in this extract by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS), with various potential applications that support this valorization alternative for walnut leaves.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Quantification of Diarylheptanoids and Phenolic Compounds in Juglans mandshurica Maxim. by UPLC–TQ-MS

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Hong Yang ◽  
Li-Bo Wang ◽  
Ya-Ping Guo ◽  
Ya-Li Wang ◽  
Xiao-Xiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Antitumor Activities ◽  
Juglans Mandshurica ◽  
Intrinsic Quality ◽  
First Time

The immature epicarps of Juglans mandshurica and Juglans regia have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of cancer in China. Other parts of the J.mandshurica plant, including leaves, branches, barks, and stems, have reported antitumor activities. We previously found that various diarylheptanoids and phenolic compounds isolated from J. mandshurica epicarps show significant antitumor activities. However, there are no reports of quantitative analysis of diarylheptanoids and phenolic compounds of J. mandshurica. In this study, a validated quantitative method, based on ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, was employed to determine the contents of eight diarylheptanoids and seven phenolic compounds in the epicarps of J. mandshurica during different growth periods, in different parts of the plant, and in the epicarps of two Juglans species. The most successful J. mandshurica epicarp harvesting time fell between Day 12 and Day 27. The leaves of J. mandshurica showed potential for medical use as they had the highest content of the 15 compounds (3.399 ± 0.013 mg/g). We showed for the first time that the total content of diarylheptanoids in J. mandshurica is higher than that in J. regia, though, conversely, J. regia has higher contents of phenolic compounds. The method developed in this study is practical and simple and can be applied for quantitative analysis for evaluating the intrinsic quality of J. mandshurica.

scholarly journals EVOLUTION OF POLYPHENOLS AND FLAVONOIDS LEVELS IN LEAVES, MESOCARP AND KERNEL OF THREE JUGLANS REGIA L. CULTIVARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 270-281
Author(s):  
Ivona Mazilu ◽  
Loredana Elena Vîjan ◽  
Simona Giura ◽  
Mihai Botu
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Entire Experiment

This paper studies polyphenols and flavonoids level evolution in Juglans regia L. leaves and mesocarp during the growing season, as well as compounds evolution in the walnut kernel for fully mature picked nuts, stored for eight months at room temperature. Both compounds, polyphenols and flavonoids were significantly influenced by cultivar, harvest moment, and, respectively, by the storage time. The highest content of polyphenols was found in ′Jupânești′ cultivar’s leaves, ′Vina′ cultivar’s kernel, and ′Franquette′ cv. mesocarp. Also, nut mesocarp and leaves samples harvested in July and nut kernel stored till next March contained maximum polyphenols levels. The highest flavonoid content was determined for ′Vina′ cultivar’s leaves, ′Franquette′ cultivar’s fruit mesocarp, ′Vina′’s kernel, leaves and mesocarp sampled in July and nut kernel stored until March. For the entire experiment, maximum polyphenols level was found in ′Jupânești′ cultivar’s leaves harvested in July. Flavonoids reached their highest level in case of ′Franquette′ kernel stored until March. The three studied cultivars: ′Jupânești′, ′Vina′ and ′Franquette′ can be valuable sources of phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals The Mechanism of Foliar Zinc Absorption in Pistachio and Walnut

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinglong Zhang ◽  
Patrick H. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Metabolic Inhibitors ◽  
Stable Isotope Labelling ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Uptake Process ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Walnut Leaves

The characteristics and mechanisms of foliar Zn uptake and translocation in pistachio (Pistachio vera L.) and walnut (Juglans regia L.) were investigated using 68Zn labelling in both intact and detached leaves. Following washing, mature walnut and pistachio leaves retained 8% and 12% of the total Zn applied, respectively. About half of retained Zn (3.5% and 6.5% of total Zn respectively) was absorbed into the leaf and translocated outside the treated area. Leaf age affected the Zn absorption capacity of pistachio but not walnut. Immature pistachio leaves absorbed more Zn than mature leaves. The absorption of Zn by walnut leaves at high concentrations (7.5 to 15 mm Zn) was not significantly affected by the pH of the solution. In pistachio Zn absorption was greatest at pH 3.5 and declined as pH increased to 8.5. The uptake process was not affected by light or addition of metabolic inhibitors. Foliar leaf absorption was only slightly affected by changes in temperature with an average Q10 of 1.2 to 1.4. This study suggests that foliar Zn uptake is dominated by an ion exchange and/or diffusion process rather than an active one. This study also demonstrates the usefulness of stable isotope labelling in studies of foliar Zn absorption.

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