Prevalence of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Duhok city

Abstract Background: Global prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome is high among medical students and health care professionals with significant morbidity. Similarly, the prevalence of celiac disease in irritable bowel syndrome is higher than the general population. These conditions impair quality of life and contribute to social-economic burden. In Tanzania, little is known about irritable bowel syndrome and celiac disease among medical students and health care professionals. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to MUHAS and Mloganzila Academic Medical Center (MAMC) staff and students who fulfilled the online shared Rome IV criteria of irritable bowel syndrome from August to November 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data, anthropometric measurements and clinical manifestations. Blood samples for full blood picture, liver enzymes and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate were taken. Celiac disease was tested using anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody test. Qualitative and quantitative data were summarized using frequency distribution tables. Chi-square and fishers exact test were used to study comparison between groups. Logistic regression was used to study associations. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and a P value of ≤0.05 was considered significant.Results: Out of 1,321 participants, 192 (14.5%) had irritable bowel syndrome in which 77 (40.1%) were males and 115 (59.9%) were females. Among the 192 participants with irritable bowel syndrome, 3 (1.6%) were positive for celiac disease, 2 (66.7%) were females and 1 (33.3%) was a male. Of the 3 patients with CD, 2 had elevated ALAT and 1 had anaemia. Age (AOR 2.53, 95% C.I 1.57-4.09), sex (AOR 1.67, 95% C.I 1.16-2.41), marital status (AOR 4.95 C.I 2.07-11.82), alcohol intake (AOR 2.47, 95% C.I 1.16-5.23), year of study (AOR 8.49, 95% C.I 5.71-12.64) and sleep duration (AOR 2.24, 95% C.I 1.23-4.06) were found to be independently associated with IBS. Conclusion: Prevalence of IBS and its associated factors in our study population was similar to findings from studies done elsewhere. Also, our study revealed a low prevalence of celiac disease among IBS participants.

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Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Haplotype Does Not Influence the Inflammatory Pattern of Duodenal Lymphocytosis Linked to Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56120660 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (12) ◽

pp. 660

Author(s):

Giuseppe Losurdo ◽

Alessia Todeschini ◽

Floriana Giorgio ◽

Domenico Piscitelli ◽

Antonio Giangaspero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Human Leukocyte ◽

Transglutaminase 2 ◽

Duodenal Mucosa ◽

Intraepithelial Lymphocytes ◽

Primary Response ◽

Leukocyte Antigen ◽

Inflammatory Pattern ◽

Irritable Bowel

Background and objectives: Duodenal lymphocytosis (DL) is a condition characterized by enhanced infiltration of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) in the duodenal mucosa, and it can be linked to both gluten- and non-gluten-related diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Materials and methods: We retrospectively selected patients with DL linked to IBS. Formalin-embedded biopsy samples of the duodenum were collected. CD3 lymphocyte immunohistochemistry was used for IELs. The real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the amount of mRNA coding for tissue transglutaminase 2 (tTG2), interferon-gamma (IFNγ), toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88). All subjects underwent DQ2-8 haplotype analysis. Controls were represented by subjects with IBS without DL. Results: Thirty-two patients with IBS-DL were retrospectively recruited. Fourteen subjects (43.8%) had a DQ2-8 haplotype. DQ2-8 positive subjects had similar levels compared to negative ones for tTG2, IFNγ, TLR2, and MyD88. Cigarette smoke did not influence molecular expression in our study. Smokers had a statistically higher IELs count than non-smokers (54.2 ± 7.7 vs. 36.0 ± 8.8, p < 0.001). A significant, direct correlation between IELs and duodenal expression of IFNγ was found (r = 0.36, p = 0.04). Conclusions: IBS with DL showed higher expression of inflammatory markers than controls, but DQ2-8 haplotype did not seem to affect their expression. Smoking might increase IELs infiltration.

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Intestinal Antibodies against Gliadin, Tissue-Transglutaminase, beta-Lactoglobulin, and Ovalbumin in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb11146.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 859 (1 INTESTINAL PL) ◽

pp. 280-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

U. WAHNSCHAFFE ◽

M. STOCKMANN ◽

S. DAUM ◽

R. ULLRICH ◽

E. O. RIECKEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Beta Lactoglobulin

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Low Prevalence of Celiac Disease among Patients with Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Latvia

Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases ◽

10.15403/jgld-233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 33-39

Author(s):

Alise Dekante ◽

Ilva Daugule ◽

Sergejs Pavlovics ◽

Ilze Kikuste ◽

Inese Polaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Mixed Group ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Irritable Bowel ◽

Low Prevalence ◽

Duodenal Biopsies

Background and Aims: Studies suggest that the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) is increased in individuals with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), in particular, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); however, the evidence is conflicting. We aimed to analyze the prevalence of CD in patients with FGIDs in Latvia. Methods: This retrospective study included patients with FGIDs, referred for a gastroenterologist consultation in a secondary gastroenterology practice unit. Patients were divided into three groups – patients only with IBS (IBS group), patients only with functional dyspepsia (FD) (FD group), patients with mixed symptoms IBS and FD (Mixed group). Patient levels of tissue transglutaminase IgA (tTG-IgA) and/or antiendomysial IgA group antibodies (EMA-IgA) were evaluated. Four duodenal biopsies were obtained and reported according to Marsh classification. Patients diagnosed or being referred for confirmation of CD were excluded from the study. Results: Overall, 1,833 FGIDs patients were enrolled. Celiac serology was available for 1,570 patients, duodenal histology for 582 patients, both histology and serology for 319 patients. In total, celiac seropositivity was present in 1.78% (28/1570) (3.18% in IBS group, 0.90% in FD group and 1.11% of cases in the mixed group). Fifteen patients had histopathological changes (2.58%; 15/582). Three IBS patients (2.36%) were both serology and biopsy positive. None of the FD patients had CD. Conclusion: Prevalence of biopsy-proven CD in patients from Latvia with FGIDs was low. Routine screening for CD could be considered only among patients with IBS.

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Clinical Recommendations of the Russian Gastroenterological Association and Association of Coloproctologists of Russia

Russian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology Coloproctology ◽

10.22416/1382-4376-2021-31-5-74-95 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 74-95

Author(s):

V. T. Ivashkin ◽

I. V. Maev ◽

Yu. A. Shelygin ◽

E. K. Baranskaya ◽

S. S. Belous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Tissue Transglutaminase ◽

Bacterial Overgrowth ◽

Occult Blood ◽

Abdominal Ultrasound ◽

Faecal Occult Blood Test ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Clinical Recommendations ◽

Irritable Bowel

Aim. Current clinical recommendations accentuate current methods for the diagnosis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Key points. IBS is a functional bowel disorder manifested with recurrent, at least weekly, abdominal pain with the following attributes (any two leastwise): link to defecation, its frequency or stool shape. The symptoms are expected to persist for at minimum three months in a total six-month follow-up. Similar to other functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, IBS can be diagnosed basing on the patient symptoms compliance with Rome IV criteria, provided the absence of potentially symptom-causative organic GI diseases. Due to challenging differential diagnosis, IBS can be appropriately established per exclusionem, with pre-examination as follows: general and biochemical blood tests; tissue transglutaminase IgA/IgG antibody tests; thyroid hormones test; faecal occult blood test; hydrogen glucose/ lactulose breath test for bacterial overgrowth; stool test for enteric bacterial pathogens and Clostridium difficile A/B toxins; stool calprotectin test; abdominal ultrasound; OGDS, with biopsy as appropriate; colonoscopy with biopsy. The IBS sequence is typically wavelike, with alternating remissions and exacerbations often triggered by psychoemotional stress. Treatment of IBS patients includes dietary and lifestyle adjustments, various-class drug agents prescription and psychotherapeutic measures.Conclusion. Adherence to clinical recommendations can facilitate timely diagnosis and improve medical aid quality in patients with different clinical IBS variants.

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