scholarly journals Prevalence of and risk factors for feline hyperthyroidism in Hong Kong

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia S. De Wet ◽  
Carmel T. Mooney ◽  
Peter N. Thompson ◽  
Johan P. Schoeman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World ◽  
Total Thyroxine ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Specific Association

A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of and potential risk factors for feline hyperthyroidism in Hong Kong. Serum total thyroxine (T4) was measured in 305 cats aged 10 years and older that presented at various veterinary clinics in Hong Kong. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism (T4>50 nmol/l) within this population was 3.93% and there was no significant difference in prevalence between healthy (3.16%) and sick (4.37%) cats. Older cats (>15 years) were more likely to be affected and domestic shorthair cats were less likely to be diagnosed with hyperthyroidism than the other breeds combined. No specific association between the development of feline hyperthyroidism and food type was observed. The prevalence of feline hyperthyroidism in Hong Kong was less than that reported for most other parts of the world, despite the presence of previously identified risk factors.

scholarly journals Correlation between Potential Risk Factors and Pulmonary Embolism in Sarcoidosis Patients Timely Treated

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2462
Author(s):  
Barbara Ruaro ◽  
Paola Confalonieri ◽  
Mario Santagiuliana ◽  
Barbara Wade ◽  
Elisa Baratella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Antiphospholipid Antibody ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Antibody Positivity ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Background. Some studies with inconclusive results have reported a link between sarcoidosis and an increased risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). This study aimed at assessing a possible correlation between potential risk factors and PE in sarcoidosis patients. Methods. A total of 256 sarcoidosis patients (84 males and 172 females; mean age at diagnosis 49 ± 13) were enrolled after giving written informed consent. Clinical evaluations, laboratory and radiology tests were performed to evaluate the presence of pulmonary embolism. Results. Fifteen sarcoidosis patients with PE (4 males and 11 females; mean age at diagnosis 50 ± 11), diagnosed by lung scintigraphy and 241 sarcoidosis patients without PE (80 males and 161 females; mean age at diagnosis 47 ± 13), were observed. There was a statistically significant increase of the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in the sarcoidosis group with pulmonary embolism. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as to smoking habit, obesity or hereditary thrombophilia frequency (p > 0.05, respectively). Conclusions. This study demonstrates a significant correlation between the presence of antiphospholipid antibody positivity and the pulmonary embolism events in our sarcoidosis patients. Furthermore, we propose screening for these antibodies and monitoring, aimed at timely treatment.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of infectious bursal disease and its potential risk factors in backyard chicken production of Waliso district, South Western Shoa Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Chala Bedasa ◽  
◽  
Ararsa Duguma ◽  
Asamenew Tesfaye ◽  
Tadele Tolosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Infectious Bursal Disease ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Backyard Chicken

A cross sectional study on infectious bursal disease was conducted in apparently healthy backyard chicken at Waliso district of Southwestern Shoa, central oromia, Ethiopia from from November, 2018 to October, 2019. A total of 282 chickens were randomly selected to estimate seroprevalence of IBD infection and to identify the likely potential risk factors for the disease. Serum samples collected and serological test conducted in laboratory at National Animal Health Diagnosis and Investigation Center Sebeta, Ethopia. Out of 282 serum samples tested 224 were positive for indirect ELISA technique and the overall seroprevalence of IBDV in the study area was found to be 79.43% at individual level. Educational level of owners, kebeles and flock size significantly affect seroprevalence of IBD in the study area. The effect of difference in managements like source of replacement, frequency of house cleaning, use of disinfectant and isolation practice has a significant effect on IBDV sero-prevalence. A lower seroprevalence of IBDV was reported in good hygienic level of house (26.7%) than poor level of chicken house hygiene (96.4%) with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The seroprevalence of IBDV in the present study associated with chicken management, flock size, owner education level and other animal related risk factors for occurrence of the disease. Therefore, awareness on chicken health management, and importance of immunization would help to minimize the prevalence of the disease and play crucial role in the control of the disease. Furthermore, characterizing virus strains circulating in the area in future study is recommended.

Risk factors for gastrointestinal perforations in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving bevacizumab plus chemotherapy

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3535-3535 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sugrue ◽  
M. Kozloff ◽  
J. Hainsworth ◽  
S. Badarinath ◽  
A. Cohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Primary Tumor ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Large Community ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

3535 Background: Bevacizumab (BV) prolongs overall survival and progression-free survival when added to standard chemotherapy in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). BRiTE is a large, community-based observational registry of pts with mCRC receiving BV plus first-line chemotherapy (CT). Incidence rate, temporal pattern, and potential risk factors associated with gastrointestinal perforation (GIP) were explored. Methods: Baseline patient characteristics (BC), including prospectively identified potential risk factors for GIP, were collected at study entry. Safety data were collected every 3 months (mo). Logistic regression models, adjusted and unadjusted for treatment assignment, were used to identify BC potentially associated with GIP. Results: 1968 pts were enrolled between Feb 2004 and Jun 2005. Median study follow-up was 10 mo as of Nov 4, 2005. GIPs were observed in 34 pts (1.7%). For pts with GIP, median time to first event was 2.1 mo; the majority of events were non-fatal and occurred within the first 3 mo after starting BV. BC including GI medical history (chronic aspirin or NSAID use, peptic ulcer disease, diverticulosis) were similar in pts with or without GIP and with earlier or later GIP onset (≤ or >3 mo from start of BV). Although adjusted models did not show any significant BC, GIP rates were numerically higher in pts with primary tumor intact (2.6%) vs. resected (1.6%). Furthermore, univariate analyses revealed a significant difference between intact (2.3%) and resected (0.8%) primary tumor for earlier GIP (≤3 mo from start of BV). The majority of pts with GIP had at least one of the following: acute diverticulitis, intra-abdominal abscess, gastrointestinal obstruction, tumor at GIP site, abdominal carcinomatosis, prior abdominal or pelvic radiation therapy. Conclusions: Preliminary analyses indicate the incidence of GIP in this large, community-based observational registry is similar to that previously reported in phase III mCRC trials with BV. No associations between specific BCs and an increased risk of GIP were identified. Patients with primary tumor intact were more likely to incur a GIP within the first 3 mo of starting BV and CT. [Table: see text]

The Crossroads of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Physician Burnout: A National Review of United States Trauma and Nontrauma Surgeons

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa N. Jackson ◽  
Jake P. Morgan ◽  
Diane L. Jackson ◽  
Taylor R. Cook ◽  
Kevin McLean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Physician Burnout ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among trauma surgeons is three times that of the general population, and physician burnout (PBO) among surgeons is rising. Given that PTSD and PBO are both stress-based syndromes, we aim to identify the prevalence and risk factors for PTSD among trauma and nontrauma surgeons, and determine if a relationship exists. A cross-sectional survey of surgeons was conducted between September 2016 and May 2017. Respondents were screened for PTSD and PBO. Traumatic stressors were identified, and 20 potential risk factors were assessed. The respondents (n = 1026) were grouped into trauma (n = 350) and nontrauma (n = 676). Between the cohorts, there was no significant difference in prevalence of screening positive for PTSD (17% vs 15%) or PBO (30% vs 25%). A relationship was found between PTSD and PBO (P < 0.001). The most common traumatic stressor was overwhelming work responsibilities. Potential risk factors for PTSD differed, but overlapping risk factors included hospital culture, hospital support, and salary (P < 0.05). Our findings of an association between PTSD and PBO is concerning. Interventions to reduce rates of PTSD should target changing the existing culture of surgery, improving hospital support, and ensuring equitable pay.

scholarly journals Haemodynamic analysis of adult patients with moyamoya disease: CT perfusion and DSA gradings

2020 ◽  
pp. svn-2019-000317
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Shi ◽  
Guofeng Ma ◽  
Dong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Ct Perfusion ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

ObjectMoyamoya disease (MMD) is a common and chronic progressive stenotic-occlusive cerebrovascular disease in Eastern Asia. To evaluate the hemispheric haemodynamic status of adult patients with MMD, we explored the potential risk factors of hemispheric perfusion alterations with CT perfusion (CTP) and DSA.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 44 male and 44 female (176 hemispheres) adult patients with MMD who had both DSA and CTP. Data on cerebral blood perfusion (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transmit time (MTT), time to peak (TTP) of cerebral hemisphere and cerebellum were gathered and difference of relative haemodynamic parameters between different subgroups were assessed with independent sample t analysis, one-way analysis of variance and general linear regression analysis.ResultsParameters in regional CBF (rCBF) of frontal, temporal lobe and basal ganglia in female was more superior than male. rCBF, regional MTT (rMTT) and regional TTP (rTTP) in adult MMD patients with haemorrhage were superior than the ischaemic. With the increase of age, significant difference could be seen in rCBF and rCBV of thalamus. However, with progress of arterial stenosis, significant difference could only be obsevrved in rCBV, rMTT and rTTP, whereas rCBF had no significant difference. For increase of moyamoya vessels, significant decrease of rCBF could be seen in temporal and parietal lobe. With the increase of compensatory artery numbers, no significant difference could be seen in rCBF parameters (p>0.05).ConclusionsIn adult MMD patients, age, gender and clinical type were potential risk factors for the change of cerebral perfusion. When arterial stenosis is worsened, moyamoya vessels could alter perfusion of temporal and parietal lobe, but not frontal lobe. Extracranial/intracranial compensatory arteries could maintain microcirculation stability in frontal lobe and basal ganglia, indicating that the protection from extracranial compensatory arteries, a theoretic base for surgery treatment if necessary.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and potential risk factors of drug-related problems in Hong Kong paediatric wards

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 873-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asia N. Rashed ◽  
Lynda Wilton ◽  
Charles C. H. Lo ◽  
Benjamin Y. S. Kwong ◽  
Suzanne Leung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

scholarly journals Chronic Kidney Disease of Undetermined Etiology around the World

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Matteo Floris ◽  
Nicola Lepori ◽  
Andrea Angioi ◽  
Gianfranca Cabiddu ◽  
Doloretta Piras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Volume Depletion ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
The World ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Undetermined Etiology

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Epidemics of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu) are occurring on the Pacific coast of Central America, in Sri Lankan and Indian agricultural communities, and in other hotspots around the world. CKDu primarily affects male agricultural workers, and traditional risk factors such as diabetes and hypertension are not involved in the pathogenesis. Although a causal factor has not yet been identified, culprits include repeated volume depletion-induced kidney injury, as well as exposure to agrichemicals, heavy metals and nephrotoxins contained in drugs, beverages, and traditional medications. Multiple risk factors may interact in a synergistic fashion thus resulting in chronic kidney damage. The absence of undefined protective factors may amplify the risk. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> This review focuses on the current understanding of CKDu by analyzing epidemiology, potential risk factors, and clinical and pathological features as well as geographical peculiarities of each disease. We also focus our attention on the etiology of these conditions in which multiple factors may synergistically contribute to the development and progression of the disease. The last part of the manuscript is dedicated to the research agenda and practical recommendations. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Since renal replacement therapy is not extensively available in areas where CKDu is widespread, prevention by avoiding all known potential risk factors is crucial. Innovative healthcare solutions and social policies in endemic areas along with collaborative clinical research projects are needed to better identify factors involved in disease promotion and progression.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in Chicken in Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. Birhan ◽  
M. Temesgen ◽  
A. Shite ◽  
N. Berhane ◽  
M. Bitew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis Virus ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Avian infectious bronchitis virus is a highly contagious disease occurring in respiratory, urogenital, and reproductive tissues of chicken causing considerable losses due to death, egg drop, and reduced production. This preliminary study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and to assess the potential risk factors in chickens of northwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021. A total of 768 serum samples from three zones were collected. To investigate the presence of antibodies against IBV, the indirect ELISA serological test was applied. Positivity for anti-IBV antibodies was observed in 23.96% (95% CI: 20.98–27.14) of the samples. The mixed-effect logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors showed that IBV prevalence was significantly higher in young chickens than adults ( p < 0.001 ) and higher in intensive farm type than in extensive type ( p < 0.001 ). Based on the production purposes of the chickens, the odds of seropositivity for IB was significantly higher in layers than in broilers ( p < 0.001 ) and dual purposes ( p < 0.001 ). This study revealed higher seroprevalence in farms which had the “all-in-all-out” rearing method than in farms with different batches in one house with a significant difference ( p < 0.001 ), higher seroprevalence in the poor ventilated type than in good ones ( p < 0.001 ), and higher seroprevalence in the houses that did not remove used litter at all than houses of completely disposed and partially disposed litter ( p = 0.002 ). Moreover, disinfection of houses had significant effect on the occurrence of IB. Having personal protective equipment was significantly affecting the occurrence of IB, being higher in the farms that have no wearing clothes and shoe than in those having wearing clothes and shoe ( p = 0.002 ). In conclusion, the seroprevalence finding in the present study indicated that the organism is circulating among the population of chickens and high enough to cause significant economic losses Therefore, poultry houses should be cleaned, disinfected, and well ventilated and farm attendants should have separate farm shoe and clothes. Further studies on the virus isolation and molecular characterization of the target gene are needed in the study area.

scholarly journals A comparative study between a single-dose and 24-hour multiple-dose antibiotic prophylaxis for elective hysterectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1306-1313
Author(s):  
Khalid Mohammed Akkour ◽  
Maria Abdulrahim Arafah ◽  
Mais Mohammed Alhulwah ◽  
Rana Saeed Badaghish ◽  
Hani Abdulmohsen Alhalal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prophylactic Regimen ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major health issue in surgical specialties in terms of health care costs and patients’ clinical outcomes. At the level of the patient, prolonged hospital stays or readmissions for SSIs, can affect the patient’s quality of life. At the level of the health care system, it exhausts the hospital’s resources and increases the burden on the medical staff due to the need for continuous wound care, microbiological cultures, laboratory tests and medications. In this study, we assessed the effectiveness of two antibiotic prophylaxis regimens for the prevention of SSIs in patients undergoing elective hysterectomy surgeries. Methodology: A retrospective cohort, analyzing 141 patients, was conducted between November 2016 and January 2019 at a university hospital. We compared the efficacy of a single dose vs. 24-hour multiple doses of Cefazolin in patients who underwent elective hysterectomy for benign or malignant indications. The secondary objective was to identify potential risk factors associated with SSIs. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between both groups (p = 0.872). Obesity and a laparotomy surgical approach are risk factors to the development of SSIs (p = 0.001 and 0.014, respectively). Other potential risk factors include the duration of hospital stay, the duration of the surgery and the amount of blood loss. Conclusions: Although the rate of SSIs is not significantly different between both groups, risk stratification can be done after screening patients and the prophylactic regimen must be tailored for each patient in a cost-effective manner and using a multidisciplinary approach.

scholarly journals Myopia Progression Risk: Seasonal and Lifestyle Variations in Axial Length Growth in Czech Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stepan Rusnak ◽  
Vaclav Salcman ◽  
Lenka Hecova ◽  
Zdenek Kasl
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Daylight Exposure ◽  
Near Work

The growth in the prevalence of myopia leads to the growth of socioeconomic stress in society. It is important to detect any potential risk factors leading to myopia onset and progression. Among the potential risk factors, the lack of natural daylight exposure and the lack of the physical activity together with excess of near-work activities in children are the most prevalent. In the study, the axial length growth depending on the season and the type of behaviour was measured. The assessment was performed in 12-year-old children, 398 eyes of whom were included and measured during the winter and summer period. The children were categorized by the amount of time spent on near-work, physical, and outdoor activity. Results. Statistically significantly higher (p<0.0001) axial length growth was observed during the winter period. Statistically significantly (p<0.0001) more frequently, the eyeball growth has been proved during the winter season. According to the way of spending leisure time, no statistically significant difference was reported within the individual subgroups in the development of the eyeball length during the observed period. However, statistically significant differences were ascertained in the eyeball initial length within various groups. Conclusion. The lack of daylight exposure may lead to myopia progression.

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