The paper gives an account of the methods of packaging milk which have been in use in Britain since 1900 (approximately). The author endeavours to explain the reasons for changes or developments in the light of technical progress within the dairy industry and the advances which have taken place in associated industries. The importance of hygiene, economics, conformity with legislation, and changes which have occurred during the present century are discussed. Particular emphasis will be given to the use of the glass bottle as a container for milk, the reasons why it has remained in use for so long, and the likelihood of its being in use for some considerable time in the future. Washing, filling, and handling methods in relation to the glass bottle will be dealt with in detail. Improvements in design standardization will be considered, as well as the effects of reducing the weights of bottles and surface treatments which are now being adopted. The usage of alternative materials for the packaging of milk will be considered. The difficulties associated with the introduction of cartons are considered, and the possibilities of increased sales in these and other containers in the future receive attention. Plastic bottles, sachets, and bag-in-box developments for the packaging of milk are discussed, and indications given of their limitations, advantages and economics under commercial conditions. The aseptic packing of milk in Tetra Paks is discussed in detail. An account of experimental work on different laminates for this type of milk, and their effect on flavour changes, will be explained. The author's views on future trends in the packaging of milk are indicated.
Scientific appraisal of the Irish grass-based milk production system as a sustainable source of premium quality milk and dairy products