Pathogenesis of leukoaraiosis: Role of jugular venous reflux

The role of incompetent perforating veins in the aetiology of varicose veins is not well understood. Anecdotally, competitive cyclists appeared to be more prone to varicose veins than the general population. We present a case of a 63-year-old amateur competitive cyclist who acutely developed a painful varicosity of her left calf while straining during a hill climb in 106-mile cycle race. Duplex ultrasonography has shown an underlying incompetent perforating vein, feeding the varicosity directly through the underlying muscle. With no other significant venous reflux in either leg, we believe this case shows a clear causative association between the stresses put across the lower leg during competitive cycling and developing a varicose vein via an incompetent perforating vein. We believe this should lead to further investigations as to any link between cycling, perforator vein incompetence and the development of varicose veins.

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Jugular venous reflux on magnetic resonance angiography and radionuclide venography

Acta Radiologica Open ◽

10.1177/2058460116681209 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 205846011668120

Author(s):

Yasutaka Fushimi ◽

Tomohisa Okada ◽

Sachi Okuchi ◽

Akira Yamamoto ◽

Mitsunori Kanagaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance Angiography ◽

Photon Emission ◽

Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Brachiocephalic Vein ◽

Emission Computed Tomography ◽

Venous Reflux ◽

The Right ◽

Jugular Venous Reflux

Background The relationship between the signal from retrograde venous flow on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and retrograde upward flow from the left brachiocephalic vein has not been explored. Purpose To reveal the frequency of jugular venous reflux using MRA and nuclear venography in patients being evaluated for cerebral volume and blood flow. Material and Methods A total of 229 patients with cognitive disturbance who had undergone brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) on the same day to evaluate cerebral blood flow were evaluated. Jugular venous reflux was measured on MRA and nuclear venography, which was conducted just after injection of N-isopropyl-123I-p-iodoamphetamine for the SPECT study. Results MRA showed jugular reflux in seven patients on the right side, and in 22 on the left. Nuclear venography showed jugular reflux in six patients on the right side, and in 20 on the left. Conclusion Jugular venous reflux was observed mostly on the left side. Retrograde flow was observed on both MRA and nuclear venography in half of the cases, with the rest only on one of the modalities.

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Jugular Venous Reflux Can Mimic Posterior Fossa Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae on MRI/MRA

American Journal of Roentgenology ◽

10.2214/ajr.20.24012 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Travis Caton ◽

Andrew L. Callen ◽

Alexander Z. Copelan ◽

Kazim H. Narsinh ◽

Eric R. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Posterior Fossa ◽

Venous Reflux ◽

Arteriovenous Fistulae ◽

Jugular Venous Reflux

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Jugular venous reflux and brain parenchyma volumes in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

BMC Neurology ◽

10.1186/1471-2377-13-157 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Clive Beggs ◽

Chih-Ping Chung ◽

Niels Bergsland ◽

Pei-Ning Wang ◽

Simon Shepherd ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Brain Parenchyma ◽

Venous Reflux ◽

Jugular Venous Reflux

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Popliteal venous reflux is not abolished by superficial venous ligation

Phlebology The Journal of Venous Disease ◽

10.1258/026835503322381351 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 143-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

M A Sharp ◽

D H Nawabi ◽

J Walton ◽

L Hands

Keyword(s):

Duplex Scanning ◽

Venous Reflux ◽

Duplex Scan ◽

Venous Surgery

Introduction: The role of superficial venous surgery in the presence of deep venous reflux is not well defined. Abolition of deep reflux in the femoral segment after superficial venous surgery has been reported. The popliteal segment has not been investigated similarly. Aims: To investigate if popliteal venous reflux can be abolished by superficial venous ligation. Method: Retrospectively identified consecutive patients with mild category exclusive popliteal reflux were invited by post to attend for a repeat duplex scan after surgery. They had previously undergone superficial venous surgery aiming to eliminate all sites of superficial reflux identified on duplex scanning. Results: Of the 34 patients invited, 21 attended: eight males and 13 females, mean age 60 years. Seven patients were suitable for bilateral investigation. Of the 28 segments scanned, the reflux category improved in three, deteriorated to the moderate category in six and remained unchanged in 18. Conclusion: Superficial venous surgery does not abolish mild popliteal reflux.

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