Long-term consequences of early experience on adult avoidance learning in female rats: Role of the dopaminergic system

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Schäble ◽  
Gerd Poeggel ◽  
Katharina Braun ◽  
Michael Gruss
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Learning ◽  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Early Experience ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Long Term Consequences

scholarly journals Long-Term Consequences of Adolescent Exposure to THC-Rich/CBD-Poor and CBD-Rich/THC-Poor Combinations: A Comparison with Pure THC Treatment in Female Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8899
Author(s):  
Marina Gabaglio ◽  
Erica Zamberletti ◽  
Cristina Manenti ◽  
Daniela Parolaro ◽  
Tiziana Rubino
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Chronic Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Gabaergic Neurotransmission ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Adolescent Exposure ◽  
Long Term Adverse Effects

Cannabis is the most-used recreational drug worldwide, with a high prevalence of use among adolescents. In animal models, long-term adverse effects were reported following chronic adolescent exposure to the main psychotomimetic component of the plant, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). However, these studies investigated the effects of pure THC, without taking into account other cannabinoids present in the cannabis plant. Interestingly, cannabidiol (CBD) content seems to mitigate some of the side effects of THC, at least in adult animals. Thus, in female rats, we evaluated the long-term consequences of a co-administration of THC and CBD at a 3:1 ratio, chosen based on the analysis of recently confiscated illegal cannabis samples in Europe. CBD content is able to mitigate some of the long-term behavioral alterations induced by adolescent THC exposure as well as long-term changes in CB1 receptor and microglia activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We also investigated, for the first time, possible long-term effects of chronic administration of a THC/CBD combination reminiscent of “light cannabis” (CBD:THC in a 33:1 ratio; total THC 0.3%). Repeated administration of this CBD:THC combination has long-term adverse effects on cognition and leads to anhedonia. Concomitantly, it boosts Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase-67 (GAD67) levels in the PFC, suggesting a possible lasting effect on GABAergic neurotransmission.

Sa2015 Traumatic Brain Injury and Intestinal Dysfunction: Investigating a Putative Role of the Brain-Gut Axis in Long-Term Consequences of Injury

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-384
Author(s):  
Elise L. Ma ◽  
Allen Smith ◽  
Neemesh Desai ◽  
Alan Faden ◽  
Terez Shea-Donohue
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Putative Role ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Brain

Venous Thromboembolic Diseases

2014 ◽  
pp. 346-355
Author(s):  
Gregory Piazza ◽  
Samuel Z. Goldhaber
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Practical Recommendations

This chapter reviews the pathophysiology of VTE, including its risk factors and long-term consequences. Diagnostic algorithms that integrate clinical findings, laboratory testing, and imaging are described. The role of risk stratification for identification of high-risk PE patients is highlighted. Options for the management of VTE are reviewed. Finally, practical recommendations for the prevention of VTE are provided.

The Twofold Role of a Minority Language in Historical Trauma: The Case of Lemko Minority in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-566
Author(s):  
Magdalena Skrodzka ◽  
Karolina Hansen ◽  
Justyna Olko ◽  
Michał Bilewicz
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Minority Language ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Long Term Consequences

Tragic collective events bring about long-term consequences for affected groups. These effects not only affect the immediate victims of trauma, but can also influence subsequent generations. In the present research, we examined the effects of minority language use on historical trauma. In a study of 237 Lemko participants, members of a severely victimized ethnic minority in Poland, we tested the effects of cognitive availability of historical trauma on three categories of trauma-related symptoms: emotional, behavioral, and depressive. The study found that minority language use is positively related to cognitive availability of trauma, but it also limits the effects of such availability on trauma-related symptoms. Based on this finding, we discuss the potential of minority language use to act as a social cure protecting from the negative psychological consequences of historical trauma.

scholarly journals The long-term consequences of antibiotic therapy: Role of colonic short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) system and intestinal barrier integrity

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e0220642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuliia Holota ◽  
Taisa Dovbynchuk ◽  
Izumi Kaji ◽  
Igor Vareniuk ◽  
Natalia Dzyubenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Barrier Integrity ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Integrity ◽  
Long Term Consequences

ACCELERATING HIGH INVOLVEMENT: THE ROLE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN ENABLING EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION IN INNOVATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 1340020 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAGWAN ABU EL-ELLA ◽  
MARTIN STOETZEL ◽  
JOHN BESSANT ◽  
ANDREAS PINKWART
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Learning Curve ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Early Experience ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
High Involvement ◽  
New Approaches

The experience of implementing employee involvement in innovation can be viewed as a bounded opportunity. Whilst long-term strategic benefits could flow from organising participation across the workforce, creating structures that sustain such a culture is highly complex. In effect the "transaction costs" of high involvement innovation limit its implementation. However a number of technological and social developments (such as innovation platforms and company social networks) offer new options in this space which may change this. In particular the "reach" and "richness" trade-off could be changed to permit higher levels of participation in larger-scale projects. Much depends on the ways in which implementation of systems deploying these new approaches is undertaken and the development of appropriate behavioural routines to support them. This paper explores a number of cases within German enterprises and reports early experience along this learning curve.

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