scholarly journals Prevalence, molecular characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of MRSA in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients in Barbados

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 100659 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Gittens-St Hilaire ◽  
E. Chase ◽  
D. Alleyne
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

scholarly journals 467. Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus in Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome among Children in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S229-S229
Author(s):  
Jae Hong Choi ◽  
Hyunju Lee ◽  
Eun Hwa Choi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) is a blistering and desquamative skin disease caused by the exfoliative toxins of Staphylococcus aureus. SSSS mainly affects children younger than 5 years of age. Although many countries show a predominance of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), recently an increase in cases due to methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has been reported. We investigated the molecular characteristics of S. aureus isolated from the children with SSSS in Korea. Methods From January 2010 to December 2017, children clinically diagnosed as SSSS under the age of 5 years were enrolled. Cases from 3 different university hospitals in Korea were included. S. aureus isolated from nasal, axillary, or inguinal area of the children were analyzed for multilocus sequence type and exfoliative toxins (eta, etb). Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for clinical characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of S. aureus. Results A total of 26 cases were enrolled. The mean age was 2.3 years (range, 0–4.8 years). Twenty-two (84.6%) patients were hospitalized. Skin manifestations were classified as follows; generalized (n = 10, 38.5%), intermediate (n = 11, 42.3%), and abortive (n = 5, 19.2%). Twenty-five isolates (96.2%) were resistant to methicillin and macrolide-resistance was found in 92.3% (n = 24). ST89 (n = 21, 80.8%) was the most prevalent clone, with single clones of ST1, ST5, ST72, ST121, and ST1507. The eta gene was detected in 1 (3.8%) MSSA isolate. The etb gene was detected in 14 (53.8%) isolates all of which were ST89. All patients were treated with antibiotics, and the mean duration was 8.3 days regardless of the administration route. Nafcillin or first cephalosporin was most commonly prescribed (n = 20, 76.9%), clindamycin was administered in combination in 9 patients (34.6%) and vancomycin in 4 patients (15.4%). Among the 25 MRSA cases, only 6 (24.0%) were treated with susceptible antibiotics. However, there was no difference in treatment duration according to antimicrobial susceptibility (8.43:8.22 days, P > 0.05). Conclusion The molecular epidemiology of S. aureus isolated from the Korean children with SSSS demonstrated the high prevalence of methicillin-resistant ST89 clone that harbors the etb gene. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemedo Misha ◽  
Legese Chelkeba ◽  
Tsegaye Melaku
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Globally, surgical site infections are the most reported healthcare-associated infection and common surgical complication. In developing countries such as Ethiopia, there is a paucity of published reports on the microbiologic profile and resistance patterns of an isolates. Objective This study aimed at assessing the bacterial profile and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at Jimma Medical Center in Ethiopia. Methods A prospective cohort study was employed among adult patients who underwent either elective or emergency surgical procedures. All the eligible patients were followed for 30 days for the occurrence of surgical site infection (SSI). From those who developed SSI, infected wound specimens were collected and studied bacteriologically. Results Of 251 study participants, 126 (50.2%) of them were females. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 38 ± 16.30 years. The overall postoperative surgical site infection rate was 21.1% and of these 71.7% (38/53) were culture positive. On gram stain analysis, 78% of them were Gram-negative, 11.5% were Gram-positive and 10.5% were a mixture of two microbial growths. Escherichia coli accounted for (21.43%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.05%), Proteus species (spp.) 14.29%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.90%), Klebsiella species (11.90%), Citrobacter spp. (9.5%), streptococcal spp. (7.14%), Coagulase-negative S. aureus (CoNS) (2.38%) Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria were the most dominant isolates from surgical sites in the study area. Among the Gram-negative bacilli, Escherichia coli were the most common bacteria causing surgical site infection. As there is high antibiotic resistance observed in the current study, it is necessary for routine microbial analysis of samples and their antibiogram.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns among a Large, Nationwide Cohort of Abiotrophia and Granulicatella Clinical Isolates

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunatum Prasidthrathsint ◽  
Mark A. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial susceptibility patterns from 599A. defectiva,G. adiacens, andG. elegansclinical isolates were determined by broth microdilution. We observed significant differences in susceptibility across species, particularly to penicillin and ceftriaxone, and across geographical regions.A. defectivawas the least susceptible species overall to penicillin. All isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and >90% were susceptible to levofloxacin.

scholarly journals Pediatric Antimicrobial Susceptibility Trends across the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 1244-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranita D. Tamma ◽  
Gwen L. Robinson ◽  
Jeffrey S. Gerber ◽  
Jason G. Newland ◽  
Chloe M. DeLisle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Pediatric Healthcare ◽  
Regional Comparisons ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Over Time

Objective.Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns across US pediatric healthcare institutions are unknown. A national pooled pediatric antibiogram (1) identifies nationwide trends in antimicrobial resistance, (2) allows across-hospital benchmarking, and (3) provides guidance for empirical antimicrobial regimens for institutions unable to generate pediatric antibiograms.Methods.In January 2012, a request for submission of pediatric antibiograms between 2005 and 2011 was sent to 233 US hospitals. A summary antibiogram was compiled from participating institutions to generate proportions of antimicrobial susceptibility. Temporal and regional comparisons were evaluated using χ² tests and logistic regression, respectively.Results.Of 200 institutions (85%) responding to our survey, 78 (39%) reported generating pediatric antibiograms, and 55 (71%) submitted antibiograms. Carbapenems had the highest activity against the majority of gram-negative organisms tested, but no antibiotic had more than 90% activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Approximately 50% of all Staphylococcus aureus isolates were methicillin resistant. Western hospitals had significantly lower proportions of S. aureus that were methicillin resistant compared with all other regions tested. Overall, 21% of S. aureus isolates had resistance to clindamycin. Among Enterococcus faecium isolates, the prevalence of susceptibility to ampicillin (25%) and vancomycin (45%) was low but improved over time (P < .01), and 8% of E. faecium isolates were resistant to linezolid. Southern hospitals reported significantly higher prevalence of E. faecium with susceptibilities to ampicillin, vancomycin, and linezolid compared with the other 3 regions (P < .01).Conclusions.A pooled, pediatric antibiogram can identify nationwide antimicrobial resistance patterns for common pathogens and might serve as a useful tool for benchmarking resistance and informing national prescribing guidelines for children.

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