The examination of behavior inhibition system sensitivity, experiential avoidance, and sex in relation to post-traumatic stress symptom severity: Comparison of a moderated versus mediated model

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Warnke ◽  
Samantha M. Nagy ◽  
Scott M. Pickett ◽  
Nicole L. Jarrett ◽  
Jillian A. Hunsanger
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptom ◽  
System Sensitivity ◽  
Behavior Inhibition System ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Behavior Inhibition

Prediction of Outcome for Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Using Constructs from the Transtheoretical Model of Behaviour Change

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Rooney ◽  
Caroline Hunt ◽  
Leanne Humphreys ◽  
David Harding ◽  
Miriam Mullen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Post Traumatic

Objective: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling condition, sometimes unresponsive to treatment. The aim of the present study was to examine the predictive utility of constructs from the transtheoretical model of behaviour change (TTM) known to predict outcome for other disorders. Method: A sample of 50 veterans presenting for a PTSD treatment programme provided data for this longitudinal study. Variables were assessed at four time-points during the treatment programme. Multiple regression and mixed-effects regression were utilized to determine the predictive utility of variables from the TTM. Results: Allocated stage of change at the time of a 2 day introduction programme predicted follow-up symptom severity, but changes therein during treatment did not predict changes in symptom severity. However, changes in the continuous readiness-to-change variable and behavioural processes of change were predictive of such changes. Conclusions: Despite some difficulties in the application of the TTM to PTSD, the model does appear to predict treatment outcome. Veterans who have increased readiness to change and who make more use of behavioural processes of change are likely to have improved outcomes.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Relationship Between Frequency of Blast Exposure, mTBI History, and Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A Lieb ◽  
Sorana Raiciulescu ◽  
Thomas DeGraba ◽  
Chandler Sours Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Blast Exposure ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Ohio State University

ABSTRACT Introduction Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are common conditions among military personnel that frequently co-occur. This study investigated relationships between self-reported blast exposure, mTBI history, and current post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in a population of active duty service members (n = 202) from the Intensive Outpatient Program at the National Intrepid Center of Excellence. Materials and Methods Participants were divided into four mTBI groups (0, 1, 2, and 3+) and four blast exposure groups (0-10, 11-100, 101-1,000, and 1,000+). Self-reported lifetime mTBI and blast history were obtained via the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method. PTSS severity was obtained via the PTSD Checklist-Civilian version (PCL-C). Several secondary measures of depression, anxiety, chronic mTBI symptoms, and sleep were also assessed. Results The total PCL-C scores differed significantly between mTBI groups, with significant differences detected between the 0/1 mTBI groups and the 3+ mTBI groups. Similar group differences were noted across the three PCL-C subgroup scores (avoidance, re-experiencing, and hyperarousal); however, when comparing the proportion of group participants meeting DSM-IV criteria for each symptom cluster, significant differences between mTBI groups were only noted for avoidance (P = .002). No group differences were noted in PTS symptom severity or distribution between blast groups. Conclusions This study demonstrates an association between lifetime mTBI history and PTS symptom severity and distribution but failed to identify the significant group in self-reported symptoms between the blast exposure groups. Results suggest that additional research is needed to understand the neurobiological mechanism behind these associations and the need for the development of precise assessment tools that are able to more accurately quantify significant lifetime sub-concussive and blast exposures experienced by service members in training and combat operations.

scholarly journals Post traumatic stress symptom variation associated with sleep characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quinn M. Biggs ◽  
Robert J. Ursano ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Gary H. Wynn ◽  
Russell B. Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Symptom ◽  
Post Traumatic

scholarly journals Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms among Lithuanian Parents Raising Children with Cancer

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Irina Banienė ◽  
Nida Žemaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Stress Symptom ◽  
Raising Children ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background and objectives: The study aims to evaluate post-traumatic stress symptom expression among Lithuanian parents raising children with cancer, including social, demographic, and medical factors, and to determine their significance for the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder. Materials and methods: The study was carried out in two major Lithuanian hospitals treating children with oncologic diseases. The cross-sectional study included 195 parents, out of which 151 were mothers (77.4%) and 44 were fathers (22.6%). Post-traumatic stress symptoms were assessed using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised. To collect the sociodemographic, childhood cancer, and treatment data, we developed a questionnaire that was completed by the parents. Main study results were obtained using multiple linear regression. Results: A total of 75.4% of parents caring for children with cancer had pronounced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. The female gender (β = 0.83, p < 0.001) was associated with an increased manifestation of symptoms, whilst higher parental education (β = −0.21, p = 0.034) and the absence of relapse (β = −0.48, p < 0.001) of the child’s disease reduced post-traumatic stress symptom expression. Conclusions: Obtained results confirmed that experiencing a child’s cancer diagnosis and treatment is extremely stressful for many parents. This event may lead to impaired mental health and increased post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) risk; hence, it is necessary to provide better support and assistance to parents of children with cancer.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: study protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e020198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Zhang ◽  
Xinyu Zhou ◽  
Lining Yang ◽  
Sarah E Hetrick ◽  
John R Weisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Meta Analyses

IntroductionPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among children and adolescents who are exposed to trauma, and it is often associated with significant negative impacts on their psychosocial functioning and quality of life. Many types of psychotherapies have been found to be effective for PTSD in children and adolescents. However, due to the lack of direct comparisons between different psychotherapies, the hierarchy of treatment efficacy is still unclear. Therefore, we plan to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of various types of psychotherapies for PTSD in children and adolescents.Methods and analysisA systematic search will be conducted among eight electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health, Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress (PILOTS) and ProQuest Dissertations, from inception to October 2017. Randomised controlled trials, regardless of language, publication year and publication type, comparing any psychotherapies for PTSD to any control condition or alternative treatment in children and adolescents (18 years old or less) diagnosed with full or subclinical PTSD will be included. Study duration and the number of treatment sessions will not be limited. The primary outcome will be PTSD symptom severity at post-treatment as measured by a rating scale reported by the child, parent or a clinician. The secondary outcomes will include: (1) efficacy at follow-up; (2) acceptability (all-cause discontinuation); (3) anxiety symptom severity; (4) depressive symptom severity and (5) quality of life and functional improvement. Bayesian network meta-analyses for all relative outcome measures will be performed. We will conduct subgroup and sensitivity network meta-analyses to determine whether the findings are affected by study characteristics. The quality of the evidence contributing to network estimates of the primary outcome will be evaluated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations framework.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are foreseen. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, which will be disseminated electronically and in print. This network meta-analysis may be updated to inform and guide the clinical management of PTSD in children and adolescents.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016051786.

Measures of PTSD Symptom Severity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly S. Parker-Guilbert ◽  
Samantha J. Moshier ◽  
Brian P. Marx ◽  
Terence M. Keane
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Ptsd Symptom ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Categorical Diagnosis ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Ptsd Symptom Severity ◽  
Symptom Criteria

Assessment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity serves a variety of important clinical and research purposes and may be able to more accurately represent the nature of posttraumatic stress when compared with traditional categorical diagnosis. Numerous measures that assess PTSD symptom severity are available and choosing measures with strong psychometric properties that meet one’s clinical or research needs is essential to accurate assessment. This task is made more complex by the recent update to the PTSD symptom criteria from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5. This chapter discusses available clinician-rated and self-report methods for evaluating PTSD symptom severity and makes recommendations for clinicians and researchers across a range of contexts and patient populations.

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