Sports and Performing Arts Medicine: 1. Upper Extremity Injuries

Upper extremity problems related to overuse continue to plague instrumentalists and remain a staple of performing arts medicine practices. The author reports his 15-year experience with these problems, both music-related and from other causes. The criteria for inclusion include adherence to a specific definition of overuse. The 329 patients reviewed for this series ranged in age from 9 to 89 years and included 48.6% males. Keyboard instruments and strings were the primary instruments of 79.6%. There were 63.7% who were professionals, conservatory or collegiate music students, or dedicated amateurs; these were described as high-level performers. Strains of the muscle–tendon unit and inflammatory conditions were the most common diagnoses made, each comprising about 43% of the total series. Neurologic diagnoses were made in only 6.8% of patients. Music was the cause of problems in 44.7% of the entire group; prevalence rates were higher in females, especially those from ages 10 to 13 years. Making music also was implicated in causing 62.9% of muscle strains, but only 26.3% of inflammatory diagnoses. Treatment generally followed conservative principles; only 10.3% of all overuse-related problems necessitated surgical care, mostly for release of inflamed tendons or compressed nerves in the hand and wrist. The demographics of this group reflect those of a typical hand surgical practice.

Download Full-text

A Rheumatologist Let Loose in a Performing Arts Clinic: The Spectrum of Musicians' Complaints and Their Treatment

Medical Problems of Performing Artists ◽

10.21091/mppa.2009.4037 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 185-187

Author(s):

J.D Macfarlane ◽

A.B.M Rietveld

Keyword(s):

Rotator Cuff ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Performing Arts ◽

Focal Dystonia ◽

First Year ◽

Performing Arts Medicine ◽

Medicine Clinic ◽

Time Work ◽

Part Time ◽

Part Time Work

This article reports on the experiences of a rheumatologist, newly added to the staff of a Dutch performing arts medicine clinic, in his first year of part-time work. In the year May 2007 to May 2008, 253 consecutive new patient-musicians seen by the author. Patients were predominantly male (135 vs 118) with a mean age of 39 years (range 12 to 78). Amateurs accounted for 35% of the referrals. Keyboard players, guitarists, and violinists predominated. The main complaints involved the upper extremity, with the hand being the most common, followed by the shoulder and wrist. Among specific complaints, 15% of patients presented with primarily neurologic complaints, 12% with trauma, 8% osteoarthritis, 7.5% rotator cuff syndromes, 7% wrist ganglion, 7% tendon problems, and 4% focal dystonia. Treatment approaches are summarized.

Download Full-text

Sports and Performing Arts Medicine: 2. Lower Extremity Injuries

PM&R ◽

10.1016/j.pmrj.2009.02.001 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. S60-S66

Author(s):

Mark A. Harrast ◽

Seneca A. Storm ◽

Jonathan T. Finnoff ◽

Stuart Willick ◽

Cedric K. Akau

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Performing Arts ◽

Performing Arts Medicine ◽

Lower Extremity Injuries ◽

Extremity Injuries

Download Full-text

Corelational Analysis between the Occupational Competency Assessment and Early Return to Work in Upper Extremity Injuries

Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1329.2017.01015 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 15

Author(s):

Rongzhou ZHONG ◽

Jianing XU ◽

Jian DONG ◽

Xiaoyu SHI ◽

Taoli WANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Return To Work ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Competency Assessment ◽

Early Return ◽

Extremity Injuries

Download Full-text

Upper extremity injuries in the victims of intimate partner violence

European Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00330-020-07672-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard Thomas ◽

George S. M. Dyer ◽

Paul Tornetta III ◽

Hyesun Park ◽

Rahul Gujrathi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Extremity Injuries

Download Full-text

Lumbopelvic Control and the Development of Upper Extremity Injury in Professional Baseball Pitchers

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520988122 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652098812

Author(s):

Kevin Laudner ◽

Regan Wong ◽

Daniel Evans ◽

Keith Meister

Keyword(s):

Upper Extremity ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Group Differences ◽

Professional Baseball ◽

Extremity Injury ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Balance Task ◽

Upper Extremity Injury ◽

Baseball Pitchers ◽

Extremity Injuries

Background: The baseball-throwing motion requires a sequential order of motions and forces initiating in the lower limbs and transferring through the trunk and ultimately to the upper extremity. Any disruption in this sequence can increase the forces placed on subsequent segments. No research has examined if baseball pitchers with less lumbopelvic control are more likely to develop upper extremity injury than pitchers with more control. Purpose: To determine if baseball pitchers who sustain a chronic upper extremity injury have less lumbopelvic control before their injury compared with a group of pitchers who do not sustain an injury. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 49 asymptomatic, professional baseball pitchers from a single Major League Baseball organization participated. Lumbopelvic control was measured using an iPod-based digital level secured to a Velcro belt around each player’s waist to measure anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) deviations (degrees) during single-leg balance with movement and static bridge maneuvers. During a competitive season, 22 of these pitchers developed upper extremity injuries, while the remaining 27 sustained no injuries. Separate 2-tailed t-tests were run to determine if there were significant differences in lumbopelvic control between groups ( P < .05). Results: There were no significant between-group differences for the stride leg (nondominant) during the bridge test in either the AP ( P = .79) or the ML ( P = .42) directions, or either direction during the drive leg bridge test ( P > .68). However, the injured group had significantly less lumbopelvic control than the noninjured group during stride leg balance in both the AP ( P = .03) and the ML ( P = .001) directions and for drive leg balance in both the AP ( P = .01) and the ML ( P = .04) directions. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that baseball pitchers with diminished lumbopelvic control, particularly during stride leg and drive leg single-leg balance with movement, had more upper extremity injuries than those with more control. Clinicians should consider evaluating lumbopelvic control in injury prevention protocols and provide appropriate exercises for restoring lumbopelvic control before returning athletes to competition after injury. Specific attention should be given to testing and exercises that mimic a single-limb balance task.

Download Full-text

ORTHOPEDIC INJURIES IN ADOLESCENT GYMNASTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967121s00117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7_suppl3) ◽

pp. 2325967121S0011

Author(s):

Katie Kim ◽

Michael Saper

Keyword(s):

Lower Extremity ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

The Body ◽

Adolescent And Young Adult ◽

Body Region ◽

Lower Extremity Injuries ◽

Common Location ◽

Orthopedic Injuries ◽

Extremity Injuries

Background: Gymnastics exposes the body to many different types of stressors ranging from repetitive motion, high impact loading, extreme weight bearing, and hyperextension. These stressors predispose the spine and upper and lower extremities to injury. In fact, among female sports, gymnastics has the highest rate of injury each year. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature on location and types of orthopedic injuries in adolescent (≤20 years) gymnasts. Methods: The Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE, EBSCO (CINAHL) and Web of Science databases were systematically searched according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to identify all studies reporting orthopedic injuries in adolescent and young adult gymnasts. All aspects of injuries were extracted and analyzed including location, type and rates of orthopedic injuries. Results: Screening yielded 22 eligible studies with a total of 427,225 patients. Twenty of 22 studies reported upper extremity injuries of which four specifically focused on wrist injuries. Eight studies reported lower extremity injuries. Nine studies reported back/spinal injuries. Seven studies investigated each body location of injury; one study reported the upper extremity as the most common location for injury and six studies reported the lower extremity as the most common location for injury. Of those seven studies, five (23%) reported sprains and strains as the most common injury. One study reported fractures as the most common injury. Conclusion: There is considerable variation in reported injury location. Some studies focused specifically on the spine/back or wrist. The type of gymnastics each patient participated in was also different, contributing to which area of the body was more heavily stressed, or lacking. Current literature lacks data to fully provide evidence regarding which body region is more frequently injured and the type of injury sustained.

Download Full-text