Comparison of low-velocity impact damage in thermoplastic and thermoset composites by non-destructive three-dimensional X-ray microscope

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 106730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taoye Lu ◽  
Xiuhua Chen ◽  
Hai Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yinhua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermoset Composites ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals Mechanical Characterization and Impact Damage Assessment of Hybrid Three-Dimensional Five-Directional Composites

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwei Wu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qian Jiang ◽  
Chunjie Xiang ◽  
Ching-Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Impact Load ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Aramid Fibers ◽  
Braided Composites ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact

The effects of braided architecture and co-braided hybrid structure on low-velocity response of carbon-aramid hybrid three-dimensional five-directional (3D5d) braided composites were experimentally investigated in this study. Low-velocity impact was conducted on two types of hybridization and one pure carbon fiber braided reinforced composites under three velocities. Damage morphologies after low-velocity impact were detected by microscopy and ultrasonic nondestructive testing. Interior damages of composites were highly dependent on yarn type and alignment. Impact damage tolerance was introduced to evaluate the ductility of hybrid composites. Maximum impact load and toughness changed with impact velocity and constituent materials of the composites. The composite with aramid fiber as axial yarn and carbon fiber as braiding yarn showed the best impact resistance due to the synergistic effect of both materials. Wavelet transform was applied in frequency and time domain analyses to reflect the failure mode and mechanism of hybrid 3D5d braided composites. Aramid fibers were used either as axial yarns or braiding yarns, aiding in the effective decrease in the level of initial damage. In particular, when used as axial yarns, aramid fibers effectively mitigate the level of damage during damage evolution.

Low Velocity Impact Damage Evaluation of 2D C/SiC Composite Material

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 1835-1838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang Yao ◽  
Zi Yang Feng ◽  
Qi You Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Infrared Camera ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
Accurate Judgment ◽  
Frequency Transducer ◽  
Interior Damage ◽  
Non Destructive

Three non-destructive test (NDT) methods were used to detect the two dimensional C/SiC specimens after low velocity impact (LVI) of various energies. The damage areas characterized by these methods were very different. Both ultrasonic and thermographic images reveal the LVI damages, while X ray is non-sensitive to the interior damage. However, small delaminations were not found by thermography and accurate judgment depends on the experience and the resolution of the infrared camera. And the result acquired from the higher frequency transducer was very confused because of the inherent defects. It is suggested that using both ultrasonic C-scan and thermography to evaluate the LVI damage of C/SiC. It is also suggested using the transducer of low frequency to perform the ultrasonic C-scan.

scholarly journals Classification of Cracks in Composite Structures Subjected to Low-Velocity Impact Using Distribution-Based Segmentation and Wavelet Analysis of X-ray Tomograms

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 8342
Author(s):  
Angelika Wronkowicz-Katunin ◽  
Andrzej Katunin ◽  
Marko Nagode ◽  
Jernej Klemenc
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Fracture Mechanisms ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

The problem of characterizing the structural residual life is one of the most challenging issues of the damage tolerance concept currently applied in modern aviation. Considering the complexity of the internal architecture of composite structures widely applied for aircraft components nowadays, as well as the additional complexity related to the appearance of barely visible impact damage, prediction of the structural residual life is a demanding task. In this paper, the authors proposed a method based on detection of structural damage after low-velocity impact loading and its classification with respect to types of acting stress on constituents of composite structures using the developed processing algorithm based on segmentation of 3D X-ray computed tomograms using the rebmix package, real-oriented dual-tree wavelet transform and supporting image processing procedures. The presented algorithm allowed for accurate distinguishing of defined types of damage from X-ray computed tomograms with strong robustness to noise and measurement artifacts. The processing was performed on experimental data obtained from X-ray computed tomography of a composite structure with barely visible impact damage, which allowed better understanding of fracture mechanisms in such conditions. The gained knowledge will allow for a more accurate simulation of structural damage in composite structures, which will provide higher accuracy in predicting structural residual life.

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