scholarly journals Preeclampsia and high blood pressure in early pregnancy as risk factors of severe maternal cardiovascular disease during 50-years of follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Shantanu Sharma ◽  
Julia Skog ◽  
Simon Timpka ◽  
Claes Ignell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Early Pregnancy

scholarly journals Novel Dietary Approaches for Controlling High Blood Pressure

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3902
Author(s):  
George Moschonis ◽  
Kalliopi Karatzi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Problem

Hypertension is a common health problem, and one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease [...]

scholarly journals Future risk of cardiovascular disease risk factors and events in women after a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (16) ◽  
pp. 1273-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Benschop ◽  
Johannes J Duvekot ◽  
Jeanine E Roeters van Lennep
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Hypertensive Disorder ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), such as gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia, affect up to 10% of all pregnancies. These women have on average a twofold higher risk to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) later in life as compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. This increased risk might result from an underlying predisposition to CVD, HDP itself or a combination of both. After pregnancy women with HDP show an increased risk of classical cardiovascular risk factors including chronic hypertension, renal dysfunction, dyslipidemia, diabetes and subclinical atherosclerosis. The prevalence and onset of cardiovascular risk factors depends on the severity of the HDP and the coexistence of other pregnancy complications. At present, guidelines addressing postpartum cardiovascular risk assessment for women with HDP show a wide variation in their recommendations. This makes cardiovascular follow-up of women with a previous HDP confusing and non-coherent. Some guidelines advise to initiate cardiovascular follow-up (blood pressure, weight and lifestyle assessment) 6–8 weeks after pregnancy, whereas others recommend to start 6–12 months after pregnancy. Concurrent blood pressure monitoring, lipid and glucose assessment is recommended to be repeated annually to every 5 years until the age of 50 years when women will qualify for cardiovascular risk assessment according to all international cardiovascular prevention guidelines.

scholarly journals Polyphenol in reducing cardiovascular outcomes in adult: A Rapid Review and Meta Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Arditya Damar Kusuma ◽  
Anggoro Budi Hartopo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Surrogate Endpoints ◽  
Men And Women

Abstract Objectives This review has an objective to determine the effectiveness of polyphenol intervention for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease events and others surrogate endpoint which may correlate with cardiovascular disease events Data Sources These electronic databases were used to search the appropriate trials: MEDLINE (OvidSP, 1946 to March week 2 2020); The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL,week 2 March 2020). We only used English language trials that were available on these two databases. Review Methods We chose randomized controlled trials both in healthy or having high risk of cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenol as intervention was described as any food or drink that has polyphenol or its derived substance as main content. Placebo or no intervention is the comparison group. Cardiovascular clinical events and surrogate endpoints or cardiovascular disease risk factors are included in the outcome. Revman 5.5 software was used to analyze all the trials and to assess the risk of bias each trial. We selected random or fixed effects depend on the heterogeneity between trials in the meta analysis. Results Seven trials were included with 49200 participants randomized. Heterogeneity was shown between trials regarding the characteristic of participants, types of polyphenol intervention, and follow up periods. Cardiovascular event outcomes are only available in one trial (Howard et al 2006), with the intervention not clearly defined as polyphenol but increasing fruit and grain consumption. This trial shows no evidence was shown on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular outcome by consuming more fruit and grain with 8 years mean of follow up. By analyzing remaining trials, which provide surrogate endpoints or cardiovascular risk factors, there is no evidence that polyphenol intervention reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and triglyceride level. However, reduction total cholesterol level was shown from the baseline (MD -5.41 mg/dl, 95% CI -8.21 to -2.62, P=0.0001). Subgroup analyses were done with dividing the trials that involve women only and both men and women. This analysis shows the reduction of both systolic (MD -2.78 mmHg, 95% CI -5.47 to -0.08, P=0.04) and diastolic blood pressure (MD -2.59 mmHg, 95% CI -4.84 to -0.34, P=0.02) in trials involving both men and women. A sensitivity analysis was done by excluding the trials with risk of bias with no different results effect. Moreover, not any trials reported adverse events of polyphenol. Author’s Conclusion Due to the limitation evidence or trial available, we could not obtain meta analysis on the primary outcome. Nevertheless, this review suggests that polyphenol intervention does show favorable effect on surrogate endpoints which was total cholesterol levels. Besides, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in trials which involves both men and women also shown an improvement. The high heterogeneity in this review also suggests that more evidence are needed to assess the effectiveness of polyphenol intervention in reducing cardiovascular event outcomes and risk factors in the future.

scholarly journals Association Between Self-Reported Hypertension and Antihypertensive Medication Use and Cardiovascular Disease–Related Events and Expenditures Among Patients Diagnosed With Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-501
Author(s):  
Madeleine M. Baker-Goering ◽  
David H. Howard ◽  
Julie C. Will ◽  
Garrett R. Beeler Asay ◽  
Kakoli Roy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Medical Expenditures ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Related Event ◽  
Predicted Probability

Objectives: Research suggests that persons who are aware of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are more likely to engage in healthy behaviors than persons who are not aware of the risk factors. We examined whether patients whose insurance claims included an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) code associated with hypertension who self-reported high blood pressure were more likely to fill antihypertensive medication prescriptions and less likely to have CVD-related emergency department visits and hospitalizations (hereinafter, CVD-related events) and related medical expenditures than patients with these codes who did not self-report high blood pressure. Methods: We used a large convenience sample from the MarketScan Commercial Database linked with the MarketScan Health Risk Assessment (HRA) Database to identify patients aged 18-64 in the United States whose insurance claims included an ICD-9 code associated with hypertension and who completed an HRA from 2008 through 2012 (n = 111 655). We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine the association between self-reported high blood pressure and (1) filling prescriptions for antihypertensive medications and (2) CVD-related events. Because most patients with hypertension will not have a CVD-related event, we used a 2-part model to analyze medical expenditures. The first part estimated the likelihood of a CVD-related event, and the second part estimated expenditures. Results: Patients with an ICD-9 code of hypertension who self-reported high blood pressure had a significantly higher predicted probability of filling antihypertensive medication prescriptions (26.5%; 95% confidence interval, 25.7-27.3; P < .001), had a significantly lower predicted probability of a CVD-related event (0.6%, P < .001), and on average spent significantly less on CVD-related events ($251, P = .01) than patients who did not self-report high blood pressure. Conclusion: This study affirms that self-knowledge of high blood pressure, even among patients who are diagnosed and treated for hypertension, can be improved. Interventions that improve patients’ awareness of their hypertension may improve antihypertensive medication use and reduce adverse CVD-related events.

Abstract P151: Primary ASCVD Risk Associated With Undiagnosed Conditions Decreased Over NHANES 1999-2014

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David R Nelson ◽  
Jessica A Davis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Ascvd Risk ◽  
Over Time

Introduction: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a general term for a group of diseases characterized by atherosclerosis that affect the heart and blood vessels. ASCVD is the leading cause of death in the United States contributing to at least 200,000 preventable deaths from heart disease and stroke each year. Cardiovascular disease, heart disease, and stroke mortality has declined since the year 2000, due to broader use of evidence-based therapies and changes to risk factors and lifestyle modifications, but the decline began to slow after 2011. Two main risk factors contributing to ASCVD are high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Efforts have been made to increase control of these factors at the population-level, however, only those who are diagnosed can be treated. While awareness has increased over time, there is still a significant contribution to ASCVD events from those who were undiagnosed but have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and/or diabetes. Hypothesis: To assess how much of the total U.S. population ASCVD risk is undiagnosed from 1999-2014. Methods: The Pooled Cohort Equations assessed 10-year ASCVD risk, based on age, sex, race, total cholesterol, HDL level, systolic blood pressure, use of blood pressure medication, smoking status, and diabetes status. The undiagnosed risk of the primary risk population (age 40-79 years, without missing values for necessary cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose measures) from 1999-2014 Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was calculated based on self-report questions and clinical measures, after age, sex, race, smoking, and diagnosed risks were accounted for. Linear regression for complex survey data tested whether undiagnosed risk was changing over time. Results: Applying the ASCVD risk equation to the NHANES subset (n=8,763; weighted n=104,421,757), undiagnosed conditions were associated with 10% of the projected ASCVD events. That is, per 100,000 Americans in this subset, 7,747 ASCVD events were estimated over 10-years, and 800 were based on risk from undiagnosed diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, or hypertension. However, ASCVD risk associated with undiagnosed conditions over time decreased (p<0.001), from 1,169 per 100,000 in 1999-2000, to 642 per 100,000 in 2013-2014. Conclusions: NHANES creates a unique opportunity to quantify undiagnosed ASCVD risk in a nationally representative sample. Since 1999, a sizeable portion of the US primary ASCVD risk was based on undiagnosed conditions, however, this proportion of undiagnosed risk decreased over time.

Abstract 17345: Particulate Matter and Risk of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in a Nationwide Cohort of Men

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime E Hart ◽  
Jarvis T Chen ◽  
Robin C Puett ◽  
Jeff D Yanosky ◽  
Eric B Rimm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Ambient Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Chronic exposures to particulate matter (PM) have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. We examined the impact of long-term exposures to PM on the risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke among members of the nationwide all-male Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) prospective cohort. Methods: HPFS members were followed biennially between 1986-2006 to obtain information on incident disease and to update information on CVD risk factors. Time-varying ambient PM 10 , PM 2.5-10 , and PM 2.5 for the previous 12 months were calculated from monthly predictions at the address level. Multivariate adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate [HR (95%CI)] for the association between each fraction of PM and each outcome among 43,371 CVD-free members of the HPFS, adjusting for risk factors and other potential confounders. We also assessed effect modification by region of the country, BMI, smoking status, and comorbidities (hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, and diabetes). Sensitivity analyses were conducted restricting the population to men who provided residential (N=15,395), as opposed to work, addresses. Results: The mean (SD) levels of 12-month average PM 10 , PM 2.5-10 , and PM 2.5 were 20.7 (6.2), 8.4 (4.7) and 12.3 (3.4) μg/m 3 . In the full population, there was only modest evidence of increased risks of incident CHD or stroke with increasing PM exposures. Associations with stroke were modified by region, hypercholesterolemia, high blood pressure, and diabetes, with larger effects among those with comorbid conditions and in the Northeast and South. CHD, but not stroke, dose-responses were stronger among those who provided residential as opposed to work addresses; each 10 μg/m 3 increase, was associated with increases in overall CHD [1.10 (95%CI: 1.01-1.20), 1.09 (0.97-1.23), and 1.14 (0.98-1.32) for PM 10 , PM 2.5-10 , and PM 2.5 , respectively]. Conclusions: In this cohort of US men, PM exposures were only modestly associated with elevated risks of CHD and stroke. Comorbidities and region modified the associations with stroke, and residential ambient exposures were more associated with CHD than work ambient exposure.

scholarly journals The magnitude of high blood pressure and its risk factors in the western region of Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 059-066
Author(s):  
Hamza Nadjib Merad-Boudia ◽  
Majda Dali-Sahi ◽  
Nouria Medjati-Dennouni ◽  
Youcef Kachekouche
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Western Algeria ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Biological Assessments

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the follow-up of hypertensive patients with or without associated cardiovascular risk factors in western Algeria. And to establish a biological and epidemiological profile. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Two hundred patients aged 40 years and over followed up for the HTA were collected among the population of patients seen in consultation at the hospital of Mascara and Saida (two cities in western Algeria) from November 15, 2017 to February 15. The questionnaire, anthropometric parameters, biological assessments and treatments were noted. Results: Among the 200 hypertensive subjects recorded, 60% were women and 40% men. The participants had been hypertensive for an average of 10 years. There were more men with diabetes than women: 71.25% vs. 65% for women. About a third of them were type 1 (30% of men and 12.5% of women, p=0.228). Both sexes were almost equally represented, with regard to dyslipidemia: 57.5% of women vs. 60% of men. Conclusion: High blood pressure is a disease that is progressing rapidly in Algeria. The risk factors associated with hypertension are: Age, BMI, diabetes and dyslipidemia... These data confirm the importance of this pathology in terms of public health.

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