scholarly journals Interval Estimation of Diagnostic Odds Ratio in Meta-analysis by Means of Profile Likelihoods

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 212-215
Author(s):  
Siam Sae-tang ◽  
Ramidha Srihera ◽  
Pichitpong Soontornpipit ◽  
Pratana Satitvipawee ◽  
Chukiat Viwatwongkasem
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interval Estimation ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Profile Likelihoods

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of N-terminal Probrain Natriuretic Peptide for Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qi Ni ◽  
Chaoqian Li ◽  
Hua Lin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Objectives. The mortality rate of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is high. Hence, it is crucial to identify a reliable biomarker with wide clinical applications for predicting the prognosis of patients with ARDS. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the value of plasma N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) for predicting mortality in patients with ARDS. Methods. An electronic search of databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure was conducted up to May 31, 2019, without language restrictions. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using QUADAS-2. Data were extracted and analyzed to obtain pooled estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio. A forest graph was used to evaluate heterogeneity. Potential causes of heterogeneity were further explored by subgroup analysis based on the testing day, testing method, observation endpoint, or cut-off points. A summary receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn to obtain the pooled area under the curve. Results. A total of 7 studies involving 581 patients with ARDS were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio were as follows: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72–0.84), 0.79 (95% CI: 0.66–0.88), 3.68 (95% CI: 2.16–6.28), 0.27 (95% CI: 0.20–0.38), and 13.58 (95% CI: 6.17–29.90), respectively. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the testing day influenced the summary sensitivity and that the cut-off points influenced the summary sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion. Our results indicate that elevated plasma NT-proBNP levels have a moderate value for predicting the mortality of patients with ARDS.

Blood circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1045-1054
Author(s):  
Ya-Heng Zhang ◽  
Shu-Feng Bai ◽  
Jun-Qiang Yan
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Cognitively Normal ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Normal Controls

Aim: It is already known that miRNAs can be differentially expressed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to evaluate the performance of miRNAs from blood as potential biomarkers for AD. Materials & methods: MEDLINE, PubMed and Embase were searched for studies about peripheral blood miRNAs that could discriminate patients with AD from cognitively normal controls. The data regarding the specificity and sensitivity were extracted. STATA 14.0 was used to analyze the data. Results: Ten studies containing 770 AD and 664 normal controls. The analysis showed that miRNAs presented excellent diagnostic performance and the overall sensitivity was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75–0.83), specificity was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78–0.87) and diagnostic odds ratio was 14 (95% CI: 11–19). Subgroup analysis suggested that the Caucasian group and blood group showed a better performance in AD diagnosis and the diagnostic odds ratio was 42 and 34, respectively. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that miRNAs may be a promising biomarkers for AD.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Epithelial Membrane Antigen for Malignant Effusions: A Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wentao Lin ◽  
Xiaoxue Liu ◽  
Ying Cen
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Malignant Effusions

Background and Objectives Body cavity fluid examination sometimes presents a diagnostic challenge in cytology practice. This meta-analysis was undertaken to comprehensively assess the diagnostic potential of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) in malignant effusions. Materials and Methods All relevant original articles about EMA in the diagnosis of malignant effusions published up to July 1, 2014 were retrieved. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were pooled to evaluate the diagnostic value of EMA for malignant effusions using the Meta-Disc 1.4 and STATA 12.0 statistical software. Results Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis and the summary estimates for EMA in the diagnosis of malignant effusions were as follows: sensitivity 0.9 (95% CI 0.83-0.87), specificity 0.87 (95% CI 0.96-0.99), positive likelihood ratio 5.8 (95% CI 15.59-36.37), negative likelihood ratio 0.15 (95% CI 0.07-0.20) and diagnostic odds ratio 52.63 (95% CI 20.91-132.49). The SROC curve indicated that the maximum joint sensitivity and specificity (Q-value) was 0.88; the area under the curve was 0.94. Conclusion The present meta-analysis indicated that EMA may be a useful diagnostic tool with good sensitivity and specificity for differentiating malignant effusions from benign effusions.

scholarly journals Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound for the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lymph nodes: a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. E504-E513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lisotti ◽  
Claudio Ricci ◽  
Marta Serrani ◽  
Claudio Calvanese ◽  
Sandro Sferrazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Malignant Lymph Nodes

Abstract Background The differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lymph nodes (LNs) is crucial for patient management and clinical outcome. The use of contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has been evaluated in several studies with diverse results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the pooled diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced EUS (CE-EUS) and contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS (CH-EUS) in this setting. Methods A systematic electronic search was performed, including all original papers dealing with assessment of the nature of the LNs using CE-EUS or CH-EUS. A meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratio, and diagnostic odds ratio. The Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve method was used to calculate the area under the curve. Statistical analysis was carried out using Meta-Disc V.1.4, Stata V.12.0 and Review Manager V.5.2. Results Among 210 pertinent studies, four (336 patients) were included in the analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 82.1 % (75.1 – 87.7 %) and pooled specificity was 90.7 % (85.9 – 94.3 %) with significant heterogeneity found in sensitivity; the positive-likelihood ratio (LR) was 7.77 (5.09 – 11.85) and the negative-LR was 0.15 (0.05 – 0.46); the pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 54 (15 – 190). Subgroup analysis including studies performed using CH-EUS (two studies, 177 LNs) showed a pooled sensitivity of 87.7 % (77.0 – 93.9 %) and a pooled specificity of 91.8 % (84.5 % – 96.4 %) with no significant heterogeneity; the pooled positive-LR was 9.51 (4.95 – 18.28) and the pooled negative-LR was 0.14 (0.06 – 0.35); pooled DOR was 68.42 (15.5 – 301.4). Conclusions From these data, CE-EUS is not recommended due to inadequate sensitivity. On the other hand, CH-EUS studies showed optimal accuracy (pooled sensitivity 87.7 % and specificity 91.8 %), comparable to elastography and even EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA), suggesting a role in the diagnostic algorithm.

scholarly journals Serum CA125, CA199 and CEA combined detection for epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis: A meta-analysis

Open Medicine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junhong Guo ◽  
Jiangtao Yu ◽  
Xiaojie Song ◽  
Haixia Mi
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Ca125 ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic value of combination detection of serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA199) and carci noembryonic antigen(CEA) in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer by pooling the open published studies according to meta-analysis method.MethodsDiagnostic studies related to combination detection of serum CA125, CA199 and CEA in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were electronic searched in the databases of PubMed, Cochrane, Google scholar, EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge and CNKI by two independent reviewers. The combined diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive likely hood ratio (+LR), negative likely hood ratio (-LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were pooled by Med DiSc1.4 software.ResultsTwelve prospective diagnostic publications were finally fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled diagnostic sensitivity specificity, positive likely hood ratio, negative likely hood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and AUC were 0.90 (95%CI: 0.80 to 0.92), 0.83 (95%CI: 0.80 to 0.86), 5.35(95%CI:3.90 to 7.33), 0.13 (95%CI: 0.10 to 0.16), 48.53 (95%CI: 29.91 to 78.72) and 0.92 (95%C: 0.89 to 0.94) respectively by fixed or random effect model. No publication bias was found according to the funnel plot and line regression test (t=-1.34, P=0.21).ConclusionCombination detection serum CA125, CA199 and CEA was a promising biomarker forepithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis with relative high sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Abdominal Ultrasound and its diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Fu ◽  
Xu Zhou ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Sheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Suspected Acute Appendicitis

Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is a common cause for abdominal pain encountering unnecessary surgeries in emergency departments. The present meta-analysis aims to assess the accuracy of abdominal ultrasound in suspected acute appendicitis cases in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and post-test odds for positive and negative results. Materials and Methods: An extensive and systematic search was conducted in Medline (via PubMed), Cinahl (via Ebsco), Scopus, and Web of Sciences from 2010 till the end of March 2021. Two authors analyzed studies for inclusion, collected results, and conducted analyses separately. The histopathological study on tissue collected during appendectomy served as the gold standard for determining the final diagnosis. The accuracy was determined by evaluating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic odds ratio. Results: Out of 3193 references, a total of 18 studies were selected. Overall sensitivity of 77.2% (95 % CI – 75.4 – 78.9%) and specificity of 60% (95 % CI – 58% – 62%) were observed. The diagnostic odds ratio of 6.88(95 % CI 1.99 – 23.82) was obtained. Conclusion: Abdominal ultrasound shows significant accuracy of diagnosis in patients with suspected acute appendicitis.

scholarly journals Abdominal Ultrasound and Its Diagnostic Accuracy in Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Fu ◽  
Xu Zhou ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Sheng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Suspected Acute Appendicitis

Background: Acute appendicitis (AA) is a common cause of abdominal pain encountering unnecessary surgeries in emergency departments. The present meta-analysis aims to assess the accuracy of abdominal ultrasound in suspected acute appendicitis cases in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and post-test odds for positive and negative results.Materials and Methods: An extensive and systematic search was conducted in Medline (via PubMed), Cinahl (via Ebsco), Scopus, and Web of Sciences from 2010 till the end of March 2021. Two authors analyzed studies for inclusion, collected results, and conducted analyses separately. Examination of the histopathological tissue collected during appendectomy served as a gold standard for determining the final diagnosis of appendicitis. The accuracy was determined by evaluating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), diagnostic odds ratio.Results: Out of 3,193 references, a total of 18 studies were selected. Overall sensitivity of 77.2% (95% CI – 75.4–78.9%) and specificity of 60% (95% CI – 58–62%) were observed. The diagnostic odds ratio of 6.88(95% CI 1.99–23.82) was obtained.Conclusion: Abdominal ultrasound shows significant accuracy of diagnosis in patients with suspected acute appendicitis.

scholarly journals Post-operative day 3 Procalcitonin predicts post-operative infectious complications in pancreatic surgery A systemic review and updated meta-analysis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BHAVIN VASAVADA ◽  
hardik patel
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Pancreatic Surgery ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Geometric Means ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Aim of study: Aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate post-operative procalcitonin as a marker to predict post- operative infectious complications after pancreatic surgeries. Material and Methods: Systemic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and to identify studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of Procalcitonin (PCT) as a predictor for detecting infectious complications on postoperative days (POD) 3 and 5 following pancreatic surgery. A meta-analysis was performed using random effect model and pooled predictive parameters for POD 3 and 5 were derived. Geometric means were calculated for PCT cut offs. Results: 6 studies included day 3 PCT analysis, 2 studies included both day 3 and day 5 analysis. Total data of 471 patients were derived. 161 patients developed infectious complications. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, pooled area under curve, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive and negative like hood ratio of day 3 PCT were 74%,79%,0.8453, 11.03,3.17 and 0.31 respectively. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), positive and negative like hood ratio of day 5 PCT were 83%,70%,12.91,2.91 and 0.25 respectively. Geometric means for PCT cut off for day 3 and 5 were 0.80 and 0.43. Conclusion: Postoperative procalcitonin particularly day 3 procalcitonin levels predict post-operative infectious complications following pancreatic surgeries.

scholarly journals Accuracy of transient elastography in the assessment of chronic hepatitis C-related liver cirrhosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Yan Ying ◽  
Lun-Gen Lu ◽  
Da-Dao Jing ◽  
Xiu-Shi Ni
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose: Staging liver cirrhosis is essential for the management of chronic hepatitis C (CHC). The current meta-analysis evaluated the accuracy of transient elastography for detecting liver cirrhosis in patients with CHC. Methods: Either prospective or retrospective studies, including cohort and cross sectional studies, in patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C, as assessed by transient elastography, were searched from Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases until March 3, 2015, using the terms “transient elastography, chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis”. The primary outcome analyzed was the diagnostic performance, which included sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio and area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Data from 24 articles included in the meta-analysis demonstrated high sensitivity (84%) and specificity (90%) of transient elastography (TE) for assessing liver cirrhosis patients with HCV. Subgroup analysis of patients by underlying diseases revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 91% and 92% (HCV alone), 100% and 75% (HCV-liver transplant), 83.6% and 89.7% (HIV/HCV co-infection) and 97.1% and 90.7% (recurrent CHC after liver transplantation). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 61.57 (95% CI, 39.5 - 96.00) and the area under the summary ROC curves was 0.952 ± 0.008, suggesting high diagnostic accuracy of TE. Conclusion: Transient elastography can accurately predict liver cirrhosis in patients with hepatitis C, with a sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 90%, respectively. The present results further validate the utility of TE in staging liver cirrhosis in chronic HCV infections.

scholarly journals Screening for dementia: Q* index as a global measure of test accuracy revisited

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Larner
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Optimal Test ◽  
Global Parameter ◽  
Accuracy Study ◽  
Q Index

AbstractReceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves intersect the downward diagonal through ROC space at a point, the Q* index, where by definition sensitivity and specificity are equal. Aside from its use in meta-analysis, Q* index has also been suggested as a possible global parameter summarising test accuracy of cognitive screening instruments and as a definition for optimal test cut-off. Area under the ROC curve (AUC ROC) is a recognised measure of test accuracy. This study compared different methods for determining Q* index (both graphical and calculation from diagnostic odds ratio) and AUC ROC (integration and calculation from diagnostic odds ratio) using the dataset of a prospective screening test accuracy study of the Mini-Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. The different methods did not agree. DOR-based calculations gave a very sensitive cut-off but with poorer global metrics than the graphical method. DOR-based calculations are not recommended for defining optimal test cut-off or test accuracy.

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