The effect of crop rotation and sheep grazing management on plant production and soil C and N stocks in a long-term integrated crop-livestock system in Southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 104678
Author(s):  
Lucas Aquino Alves ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira Denardin ◽  
Amanda Posselt Martins ◽  
Cimélio Bayer ◽  
Murilo Gomes Veloso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Livestock System

Soil acidification and P, K, Ca and Mg budget as affected by sheep grazing and crop rotation in a long-term integrated crop-livestock system in southern Brazil

Geoderma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 351 ◽  
pp. 197-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Aquino Alves ◽  
Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira Denardin ◽  
Amanda Posselt Martins ◽  
Ibanor Anghinoni ◽  
Paulo César de Faccio Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Soil Acidification ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Livestock System

scholarly journals Linking Cover Crop Residue Quality and Tillage System to CO2-C Emission, Soil C and N Stocks and Crop Yield Based on a Long-Term Experiment

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1848
Author(s):  
Otávio A. Leal ◽  
Telmo J. C. Amado ◽  
Jackson E. Fiorin ◽  
Cristiano Keller ◽  
Geovane B. Reimche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Term Experiment ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N

Cover crops (CC), particularly legumes, are key to promote soil carbon (C) sequestration in no-tillage. Nevertheless, the mechanisms regulating this process need further elucidation within a broad comprehensive framework. Therefore, we investigated effects of CC quality: black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb) (oat), common vetch (Vicia sativa L.) (vetch), and oat + vetch on carbon dioxide-C (CO2-C) emission (124 days) under conventional- (CT), minimum- (MT) and no-tillage (NT) plots from a long-term experiment in Southern Brazil. Half-life time (t1/2) of CC residues and the apparent C balance (ACB) were obtained for CT and NT. We linked our data to long-term (22 years) soil C and nitrogen (N) stocks and crop yield data of our experimental field. Compared to CT, NT increased t1/2 of oat, oat + vetch and vetch by 3.9-, 3.1- and 3-fold, respectively; reduced CO2-C emissions in oat, oat + vetch and vetch by 500, 600 and 642 kg ha−1, respectively; and increased the ACB (influx) in oat + vetch (195%) and vetch (207%). For vetch, CO2-C emission in MT was 77% greater than NT. Legume CC should be preferentially combined with NT to reduce CO2-C emissions and avoid a flush of N into the soil. The legume based-NT system showed the greatest soil C and N sequestration rates, which were significantly and positively related to soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and maize (Zea mays L.) yield. Soil C (0–90 cm depth) and N (0–100 cm depth) sequestration increments of 1 kg ha−1 corresponded to soybean yield increments of 1.2 and 7.4 kg ha−1, respectively.

scholarly journals Trade-offs between the short- and long-term effects of residue quality on soil C and N dynamics

2010 ◽  
Vol 338 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Gentile ◽  
Bernard Vanlauwe ◽  
Pauline Chivenge ◽  
Johan Six
Keyword(s):  
Residue Quality ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
N Dynamics ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
C And N Dynamics

Effects of crop rotation and sheep grazing management on the seedbank and emerged weed flora under a no-tillage integrated crop-livestock system

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. 810-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Schuster ◽  
S. K. Harrison ◽  
A. de Moraes ◽  
R. M. Sulc ◽  
P. C. F. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Sheep Grazing ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Summer Crop ◽  
Livestock System

AbstractEffective integrated weed management in agricultural landscapes depends on the ability to identify and manage processes that drive weed dynamics. The current study reports the effects of grazing management and crop rotation strategies on the seedbank and emerged weed flora in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS) experiment during a 12-year period under no-tillage in sub-tropical southern Brazil. During winter, Italian ryegrass cover crops were grazed by sheep: grazing management treatments included two stocking methods (continuous and rotational) and two forage allowances (10 and 20 kg of herbage dry matter available per 100 kg animal live weight). During summer, the crop rotation treatments involved either soybean-maize or soybean-soybean in succession with winter-grazed cover crops. The treatments were part of a factorial randomized complete block design. Treatment effects were evaluated on the weed seedbank and emerged weed flora populations during winter-grazed cover crop and summer crop growth as well as during the harvest phase. The current results demonstrate that crop rotation and grazing management exhibited interactive effects on the determination of weed outcomes in an ICLS. However, overall, compared with moderate forage allowance, high forage allowance during the winter-grazed cover crop caused lower emerged weed flora in subsequent crops (20% reduction during crop growth and 90% reduction at crop harvest) and 48% reduction in seedbank size. High forage allowance promoted more residue from winter-grazed cover crop biomass, which remained during the summer crop phases and probably resulted in a physical barrier to weed emergence.

Soil order and grazing management effects on changes in soil C and N in New Zealand pastures

2014 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 67-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Schipper ◽  
R.L. Parfitt ◽  
S. Fraser ◽  
R.A. Littler ◽  
W.T. Baisden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
Management Effects

scholarly journals Combined Impact of No-Till and Cover Crops with or without Short-Term Water Stress as Revealed by Physicochemical and Microbiological Indicators

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eren Taskin ◽  
Roberta Boselli ◽  
Andrea Fiorini ◽  
Chiara Misci ◽  
Federico Ardenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil C ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil C And N ◽  
C And N ◽  
C And N Pools

Combining no-till and cover crops (NT + CC) as an alternative to conventional tillage (CT) is generating interest to build-up farming systems’ resilience while promoting climate change adaptation in agriculture. Our field study aimed to assess the impact of long-term NT + CC management and short-term water stress on soil microbial communities, enzymatic activities, and the distribution of C and N within soil aggregates. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) revealed the positive impact of NT + CC on microbial biodiversity, especially under water stress conditions, with the presence of important rhizobacteria (e.g., Bradyrhizobium spp.). An alteration index based on soil enzymes confirmed soil depletion under CT. C and N pools within aggregates showed an enrichment under NT + CC mostly due to C and N-rich large macroaggregates (LM), accounting for 44% and 33% of the total soil C and N. Within LM, C and N pools were associated to microaggregates within macroaggregates (mM), which are beneficial for long-term C and N stabilization in soils. Water stress had detrimental effects on aggregate formation and limited C and N inclusion within aggregates. The microbiological and physicochemical parameters correlation supported the hypothesis that long-term NT + CC is a promising alternative to CT, due to the contribution to soil C and N stabilization while enhancing the biodiversity and enzymes.

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