Nanocrystalline TiN coatings with improved toughness deposited by pulsing the nitrogen flow rate

2012 ◽  
Vol 206 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 4279-4286 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kataria ◽  
S.K. Srivastava ◽  
Praveen Kumar ◽  
G. Srinivas ◽  
Siju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Tin Coatings

Pyrolysis of brown algae (Bifurcaria Bifurcata) in a stainless steel tubular reactor: From a review to a case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Guida ◽  
F. E. Laghchioua ◽  
A. Hannioui
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Brown Algae ◽  
Tubular Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Bifurcaria Bifurcata ◽  
Bio Oil

This article deals with fast pyrolysis of brown algae, such as Bifurcaria Bifurcata at the range of temperature 300–800 °C in a stainless steel tubular reactor. After a literature review on algae and its importance in renewable sector, a case study was done on pyrolysis of brown algae especially, Bifurcaria Bifurcata. The aim was to experimentally investigate how the temperature, the particle size, the nitrogen flow rate (N2) and the heating rate affect bio-oil, bio-char and gaseous products. These parameters were varied in the ranges of 5–50 °C/min, below 0.2–1 mm and 20–200 mL. min–1, respectively. The maximum bio-oil yield of 41.3wt% was obtained at a pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, particle size between 0.2–0.5 mm, nitrogen flow rate (N2) of 100 mL. min–1 and heating rate of 5 °C/min. Liquid product obtained under the most suitable and optimal condition was characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR, FT-IR and GC-MS. The analysis of bio-oil showed that bio-oil from Bifurcaria Bifurcata could be a potential source of renewable fuel production and value added chemicals.

Effects of nitrogen flow rate in ohmic contacts on InAlN/GaN heterostructures

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (21) ◽  
pp. 1545-1547
Author(s):  
Dae‐Myeong Geum ◽  
Seungheon Shin ◽  
Min‐Su Park ◽  
Jae‐Hyung Jang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Ohmic Contacts ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate

Effect of nitrogen flow rate on the properties of TiN film deposited by e beam evaporation technique

2012 ◽  
Vol 258 (22) ◽  
pp. 8498-8505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishat Arshi ◽  
Junqing Lu ◽  
Bon Heun Koo ◽  
Chan Gyu Lee ◽  
Faheem Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Tin Film ◽  
Evaporation Technique

scholarly journals Structure and Properties of Nanocrystalline (TiZr)xN1−xThin Films Deposited by DC Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Wei Lin ◽  
Chia-Wei Lu ◽  
Ge-Ping Yu ◽  
Jia-Hong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetron

This study aims to investigate the effects of nitrogen flow rate (0–2.5 sccm) on the structure and properties of TiZrN films. Nanocrystalline TiZrN thin films were deposited on Si (001) substrates by unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The major effects of the nitrogen flow rate were on the phase, texture, N/(Ti + Zr) ratio, thickness, hardness, residual stress, and resistivity of the TiZrN films. The nitrogen content played an important role in the phase transition. With increasing nitrogen flow rate, the phase changed from mixed TiZr and TiZrN phases to a single TiZrN phase. The X-ray diffraction results indicated that (111) was the preferred orientation for all TiZrN specimens. The N/(Ti + Zr) ratio of the TiZrN films first increased with increasing nitrogen flow rate and then stabilized when the flow rate further increased. When the nitrogen flow rate increased from 0.4 to 1.0 sccm, the hardness and residual stress of the TiZrN thin film increased, whereas the electrical resistivity decreased. None of the properties of the TiZrN thin films changed with nitrogen flow rate above 1.0 sccm because the films contained a stable single phase (TiZrN). At high nitrogen flow rates (1.0–2.5 sccm), the average hardness and resistivity of the TiZrN thin films were approximately 36 GPa and 36.5 μΩ·cm, respectively.

GROWTH STRUCTURE EFFECT ON THE CORROSION RESISTANCE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CrNx COATING

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1950091 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIAOJIAO DU ◽  
HAIBIN ZHOU ◽  
CAIXIA SUN ◽  
HAIJIANG KOU ◽  
ZHONGWEI MA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Sputtering Deposition ◽  
Growth Structure

A new approach was adopted to improve the corrosion behavior of the chromium nitride (CrNx) hard coating through magnetron sputtering deposition at different nitrogen flow rates. The influence of the nitrogen flow rates on the chemical composition, microstructure, mechanical property and corrosion behavior in artificial seawater of the CrNx coatings was investigated. The results show that with the increase of the nitrogen flow rates, the growth structure of the coatings varied from dense granular growth to coarse columnar growth. Increasing the nitrogen flow rates was helpful to decrease the Cr/N ratio and induce the phase transforming from mixed hexagonal Cr2N and face-centered cubic CrN to single CrN. However, the coatings under different nitrogen flow rates significantly improved the corrosion resistance and hardness of the steel substrate. Furthermore, at high nitrogen flow rate, the coating had high corrosion velocity and low protective capability against the substrate corrosion due to the fast corrosion channels acted by the columnar grain boundaries. While at the middle nitrogen flow rate, the coating with CrN phase, densely granular growth structure and moderate grain size resulted in excellent corrosion resistance and highest hardness.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen flow rate on the mechanical properties of CVD-deposited SiCN thin films

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruva Kumar ◽  
Ranjan Kr Ghadai ◽  
Soham Das ◽  
Ashis Sharma ◽  
Bibhu P Swain
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Sicn Thin Films

scholarly journals Effect of Material and Process Variables on Characteristics of Nitridation-Induced Self-Formed Aluminum Matrix Composites—Part 2: Effect of Nitrogen Flow Rates and Processing Temperatures

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1213
Author(s):  
Dae-Young Kim ◽  
Pil-Ryung Cha ◽  
Ho-Seok Nam ◽  
Hyun-Joo Choi ◽  
Kon-Bae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Aluminum Matrix ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composite ◽  
Aluminum Matrix Composites ◽  
Processing Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Rates

The nitridation-induced self-formed aluminum matrix composite (NISFAC) process is based on the nitridation reaction, which can be significantly influenced by the characteristics of the starting materials (e.g., the chemical composition of the aluminum powder and the type, size, and volume fraction of the ceramic reinforcement) and the processing variables (e.g., process temperature and time, and flow rate of nitrogen gas). Since these variables do not independently affect the nitridation behavior, a systematic study is necessary to examine the combined effect of these variables upon nitridation. In this second part of our two-part report, we examine the effect of nitrogen flow rates and processing temperatures upon the degree of nitridation which, in turn, determines the amount of exothermic reaction and the amount of molten Al in the nitridation-induced self-formed aluminum matrix composite (NISFAC) process. When either the nitrogen flow rate or the set temperature was too low, high-quality composites were not obtained because the level of nitridation was insufficient to fill the powder voids with molten Al. Hence, since the filling of the voids in the powder bed by molten Al is essential to the NISFAC process, the conditions should be optimized by manipulating the nitrogen flow rate and processing temperature.

EFFECT OF NITROGEN DOPING ON FRICTION AND WEAR PROPERTIES OF THICK TETRAHEDRAL AMORPHOUS CARBON COATING

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1850226
Author(s):  
HOJUN RYU ◽  
WOO YOUNG LEE ◽  
JONGKUK KIM ◽  
YOUNG-JUN JANG
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Doping ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Nitrogen Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Tetrahedral Amorphous Carbon

In the present study, the coating was deposited by the filtered cathode vacuum arc (FCVA) plasma technique, and the effect of the nitrogen gas doping on the friction and wear performances of the thick layer of nitrogen-doped tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C:N) coating were investigated. The tribological behavior of the coating was investigated by sliding an SUJ2 ball over the coating in a ball-on-disk tribo-meter. The experimental results revealed that doping using a high nitrogen gas flow rate improved the wear resistance of the coating, while a low flow rate of 0–10 sccm increased the coefficient of friction (CoF) and wear rate dramatically decreased when the nitrogen flow rate was increased to 30–40 sccm. This was due to the nitrogen-induced phase transformation, resulting in the production of a graphite-like structure in the interface between disk and SUJ2 ball. The widths of the wear track and wear scar were also observed to decrease with increasing nitrogen flow rate. Moreover, the G-peaks of the wear scar around the SUJ2 ball on the worn surface increased with increasing nitrogen doping.

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