Prenatal exercise reprograms the development of hypertension progress and improves vascular health in SHR offspring

Throughout the lifespan, common variations in systemic health and illness contribute to alterations in vasculature structure and function throughout the body, significantly increasing risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (CVD). CVD is a prevalent cause of mortality in late life; it also promotes brain alterations, contributing to cognitive decline and, when severe, vascular dementia. Even prior to diseased states, individual variation in CVD risk is associated with structural and functional brain alterations. Yet, how cumulative asymptomatic alterations in vessel structure and function contribute to more subtle changes in brain tissue integrity and function that emerge in late life is unclear. Finally, vascular risk factors are associated with the clinical progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, recent theory posits that vascular degeneration may serve a contributory role in these conditions. This chapter reviews how lifespan changes in vascular health contribute to degenerative changes in neural tissue and the subsequent development of cognitive impairment and/or vascular dementia. It first discusses associations between vascular risk factors and cognition and also how declining vascular health may lead to cognitive impairment and dementia. Next, it identifies basic aspects of cerebrovascular anatomy and physiology sustaining tissue health and discusses how vulnerabilities of this system contribute to neurodegenerative changes. Finally, it reviews evidence of vascular contributions to AD and presents ideas for future research to better understand the full spectrum of cerebrovascular contributions to brain aging, cognitive decline, and dementia.

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Correction: Prenatal exercise (including but not limited to pelvic floor muscle training) and urinary incontinence during and following pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2018-099780corr1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. e1-e1

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Pelvic Floor ◽

Pelvic Floor Muscle Training ◽

Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Muscle Training ◽

Prenatal Exercise

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Network Biology Approach to Identify the Active Ingredients, Potential Targets, and Signaling Pathways in Phellinus Baumii and Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge on Vascular Health (P15-025-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz037.p15-025-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Yeni Lim ◽

Oran Kwon

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Signaling Pathways ◽

Platelet Activation ◽

Vascular Dysfunction ◽

Salvia Miltiorrhiza ◽

Network Biology ◽

Vascular Health ◽

Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge ◽

Phellinus Baumii ◽

Target Molecules

Abstract Objectives Increasing attention has been paid to a range of botanical food supplement that help to maintain vascular health. Multiple components in botanical foods are expected to be working in concert with various targets. In a previous our animal study, Phellinus baumii and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (PS) ameliorated endothelial and vascular dysfunction in a platelet activation rat model. This study aimed to provide the components, target molecules, phenotypes, signaling pathways, and investigate the mechanism of PS on vascular health. Methods Network biology analysis was based on the data from two clinical trials. The first clinical trial was performed in healthy subjects using high-fat-induced vascular dysfunction model. The second clinical trial was performed in healthy smokers. Differential markers obtained from clinical data, Affymetrix microarray, metabolomics, together with ingredient of PS, were mapped onto the network platform termed the context-oriented directed associations. A network of “component-target-phenotype-pathway” was constructed. Results The resulting vascular health network demonstrates that the components of PS are linked various target molecules for adhesion molecule production, platelet activation, endothelial inflammation, vascular dilation, and mitochondrial metabolism and detoxification, implicated with various metabolic pathways. Conclusions Using network biology methods, this study revealed the components and their target molecules, phenotypes, signaling pathways and provided wider information to support the synergistic mechanisms of PS on vascular health. Funding Sources This research was funded by the Bio & Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation funded by the Ministry of Science & ICT and the BK21PLUS of the National Research Foundation.

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The association between S1P and vascular disease markers in the general population

European Journal of Preventive Cardiology ◽

10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.237 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

L Rotheudt ◽

E Moritz ◽

M Markus ◽

H Voelzke ◽

N Friedrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Vascular Disease ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Extreme Values ◽

Ankle Brachial Index ◽

Lipid Mediator ◽

Vascular Health ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Brachial Artery Diameter ◽

Carotid Plaques

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator of the immune system and vascular bed. However, cross-sectional analyses of S1P and parameters of vascular health in the population are sparse. Purpose We explored the relation between S1P concentrations and several parameters of vascular health, i.e. ankle-brachial index (ABI), carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques/stenosis, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) as well as aortic wall thickness (AWT). Methods S1P was measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-TREND-0). ABI was calculated as the ratio of systolic blood pressure in arms and ankles. For cIMT, the distance between the lumen-intima and media-adventitia interfaces in longitudinal scans were measured. Carotid plaques were defined as a focal protrusion of the carotid vessel wall. Carotid stenosis was assessed with Doppler ultrasonography. FMD was evaluated by measuring the increase in brachial artery diameter after transient forearm ischemia. AWT was assessed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Subjects with cancer, severe renal insufficiency, previous myocardial infarction and extreme values for S1P (< 1st and > 99th percentile) were excluded. Sex stratified linear regression models adjusted for age, smoking, waist-to-hip ratio and platelets were used to assess the relation between S1P and vascular disease parameters. Results A total of n = 3,643 participants (48% male, median age 51, 25th and 75th percentile 39 and 63 years) could be included in the analyses. The median S1P concentration was 0.788 µM (25th and 75th percentile 0.679 and 0.906, respectively). In men a 1 standard deviation higher S1P was associated with a significantly greater cIMT (β: 0.0057 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.00027 to 0.0112 mm; p = 0.0396) and a lower ABI (β: -0.0090 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.0153 to -0.0029; p = 0.0038. In women S1P was significantly associated with cIMT (β: 0.0044 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0001 to 0.0086 mm; p = 0.0445) while no significant association was found for the relation of S1P with ABI. For both men and women S1P was not associated with FMD, the presence of carotid plaques/stenosis and AWT. Conclusions We found that S1P concentrations were positively related to a thicker cIMT in both sexes and lower ABI values in men. There was no association of S1P with any of the other vascular markers of interest. Future studies need to validate our results in other populations.

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Prenatal exercise in fetal development: a placental perspective

FEBS Journal ◽

10.1111/febs.16173 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Song Ah Chae ◽

Jun Seok Son ◽

Min Du

Keyword(s):

Fetal Development ◽

Prenatal Exercise

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Endothelial and Vascular Health: A Tale of Honey, H2O2 and Calcium

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10051071 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1071

Author(s):

Elia Ranzato ◽

Gregorio Bonsignore ◽

Mauro Patrone ◽

Simona Martinotti

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cellular Responses ◽

Pivotal Role ◽

Vascular Health ◽

Endothelial Cell Line ◽

Positive Effects

Intracellular Ca2+ regulation plays a pivotal role in endothelial biology as well as during endothelial restoration processes. Interest in honey utilization in wound approaches is rising in recent years. In order to evaluate the positive effects of buckwheat honey on endothelial responses, we utilized an immortalized endothelial cell line to evaluate cellular responses upon honey exposure, with particular interest in Ca2+ signaling involvement. The results highlight the positive effects of buckwheat honey on endothelial cells’ responses and the central role played by Ca2+ signaling as an encouraging target for more efficacious clinical treatments.

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