scholarly journals Potential impacts of changing supply-water quality on drinking water distribution: A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Liu ◽  
Ya Zhang ◽  
Willem-Jan Knibbe ◽  
Cuijie Feng ◽  
Wentso Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Supply Water

Improving water age estimation in a drinking water distribution network by field study and digital modeling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Kristian Rakstang ◽  
Michael B. Waak ◽  
Marius M. Rokstad ◽  
Cynthia Hallé
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Age Estimation ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Water Age ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

<p>Municipal drinking water distribution networks are complex and dynamic systems often spanning many hundreds of kilometers and serving thousands of consumers. Degradation of water quality within a distribution network can be associated to water age (i.e., time elapsed after treatment). Norwegian distribution networks often consist of an intricate combination of pressure zones, in which the transport path(s) between source and consumer is not easily ascertained. Water age is therefore poorly understood in many Norwegian distribution networks. In this study, simulations obtained from a water network model were used to estimate water age in a Norwegian municipal distribution network. A full-scale tracer study using sodium chloride salt was conducted to assess simulation accuracy. Water conductivity provided empirical estimates of salt arrival time at five monitoring stations. These estimates were consistently higher than simulated peak arrival times. Nevertheless, empirical and simulated water age correlated well, indicating that additional network model calibration will improve accuracy. Subsequently, simulated mean water age also correlated strongly with heterotrophic plate count (HPC) monitoring data from the distribution network (Pearson’s R= 0.78, P= 0.00046), indicating biomass accumulation during distribution—perhaps due to bacterial growth or biofilm interactions—and illustrating the importance of water age for water quality. This study demonstrates that Norwegian network models can be calibrated with simple and cost-effective salt tracer studies to improve water age estimates. Improved water age estimation will increase our understanding of water quality dynamics in distribution networks. This can, through digital tools, be used to monitor and control water age, and its impact on biogrowth in the network.</p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR UNTUK KONSENTRASI FLUORIDE PADA SISTEM JARINGAN DISTRIBUSI AIR MINUM DENGAN FLUORIDASI

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arif Susanto ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Agus Hadiyarto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Water Distribution Network ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Water Age ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution

Abstract:. The requirement of consumed drinking water so that it does not create disturbance to public health is that it needs a quality monitoring. Water fluoridation in Tembagapura City aims to reach its concentration level toward certain safe level, and it can provide maximum benefits for dental health. Analysis and simulation methods using EPAnet software. The results of hydrolic simulation and water quality for fluoride concentration of each node and link in the drinking water distribution network system have changed in every time change following the drinking water distribution segment. From hydraulic simulations, especially for head and flow at separate points, it consists of simultaneous solution in flow equivalence for every junction and headloss relationship in every link of network as a result of hydraulic balancing. New segment will be made at the end of each link that receives inflow from a node if the quality of the new node is different from the link in the last segment. Every pipe in network contains singular segment where the water quality is in line with the preliminary quality stated in the preliminary node. With the availability of hydraulic model and water quality for fluoride concentration, a further research can be conducted for chlorine decay, growth of by product i.e. Trihalomethans (THMs) as well as water age simultaneously in drinking water supply systems in Tembagapura City.  Keyword: EPAnet, distribution network, fluoride concentration. Abstrak: Persyaratan kualitas air minum yang dikonsumsi masyarakat agar tidak menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, maka penyelenggara air minum perlu melakukan pemantauan kualitasnya. Fluoridasi air di Kota Tembagapura ditujukan untuk mencapai tingkat konsentrasi fluoride pada level tertentu yang aman dan dapat memberikan manfaat maksimal bagi kesehatan gigi. Metode analisis dan simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak EPAnet. Hasil simulasi hidrolis dan kualitas air untuk konsentrasi fluoride pada setiap node dan link pada sistem jaringan distribusi air minum berubah pada setiap perubahan waktu mengikuti segmen distribusi air minum tersebut. Dari simulasi hidrolis, khusus untuk head dan aliran pada titik yang terpisah meliputi penyelesaian secara simultan dalam persamaan aliran untuk tiap sambungan (junction), dan hubungan headloss pada setiap link pada jaringan sebagai akibat dari hydrolic balancing. Segmen baru terbentuk pada akhir dari setiap link yang menerima inflow dari sebuah node, jika kualitas node baru berbeda dari link pada segmen terakhir. Setiap pipa dalam jaringan mengandung segmen tunggal, di mana kualitas air sebanding dengan kualitas awal yang ditetapkan di node awal. Dengan tersedianya model hidrolis dan kualitas air untuk konsentrasi fluoride, maka dapat dilakukan penelitian lanjutan untuk peluruhan klorin, pertumbuhan by product yaitu trihalomethans (THMs) serta usia air secara simultan pada sistem penyediaan air minum di Kota Tembagapura.Kata Kunci: EPAnet, jaringan distribusi, konsentrasi fluoride.

scholarly journals Whole metagenome sequencing of chlorinated drinking water distribution systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 2080-2091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Douterelo ◽  
Carolina Calero-Preciado ◽  
Victor Soria-Carrasco ◽  
Joby B. Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Quality And Safety ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution Systems ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Chlorinated Drinking Water ◽  
Metagenome Sequencing

This research highlights the potential of whole metagenome sequencing to help protect drinking water quality and safety.

scholarly journals Water quality event detection and customer complaint clustering analysis in distribution systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 580-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Mounce ◽  
John Machell ◽  
Joby Boxall
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Drinking Water Distribution ◽  
Historic Data

Safe, clean drinking water is a foundation of society and water quality monitoring can contribute to ensuring this. A case study application of the CANARY software to historic data from a UK drinking water distribution system is described. Sensitivity studies explored appropriate choice of algorithmic parameter settings for a baseline site, performance was evaluated with artificial events and the system then transferred to all sites. Results are presented for analysis of nine water quality sensors measuring six parameters and deployed in three connected district meter areas (DMAs), fed from a single water source (service reservoir), for a 1 year period and evaluated using comprehensive water utility records with 86% of event clusters successfully correlated to causes (spatially limited to DMA level). False negatives, defined by temporal clusters of water quality complaints in the pilot area not corresponding to detections, were only approximately 25%. It was demonstrated that the software could be configured and applied retrospectively (with potential for future near real time application) to detect various water quality event types (with a wider remit than contamination alone) for further interpretation.

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