scholarly journals Age Related Differences in Left and Right Hand Skill and In Visuo-Spatial Performance: Their Possible Relationships to the Hypothesis that the Right Hemisphere Ages More Rapidly than the Left

Cortex ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter R. Meudell ◽  
Michelle Greenhalgh
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Spatial Performance ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

scholarly journals Drawing with the Non-dominant Hand: Implications for the Study of Construction

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherma Zacharias ◽  
Andrew Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right And Left Hand

ABSTRACT:Background:Constructional impairment following left vs. right hemisphere damage has been extensively studied using drawing tasks. A confounding factor in these studies is that right-handed patients with left hemisphere damage (LHD) are often forced by weakness to use their non-dominant (left) hand or hemiparetic dominant hand. Qualitative differences in the drawing characteristics of left and right hand drawings by normal subjects have not previously been characterized. The present study was undertaken to determine the qualitative differences between left and right hand drawings of normal subjects.Methods:Thirty right-handed, elderly subjects without a history of neurological disease were asked to draw, from memory, seven objects using the right and left hand. Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to draw with the left hand first, and half the right hand first. Right and left hand drawings were compared using a standardized scoring system utilized in several previous studies of drawing in focal and diffuse neurological disease. Each drawing was scored on eighteen criteria. Right and left hand drawing scores were then compared using the t-test for paired samples or the Wilcoxon matched-pairs testResults:Drawings made using the left hand were found to be significantly simpler, more tremulous and of poorer overall quality than drawings made by the same subjects using the right hand.Conclusions:The deficits found in left versus right hand drawings of normals are similar to those found in patients with LHD, suggesting that much of the drawing impairment seen following LHD is due to an elementary motor disturbance related to use of the non-dominant hand.

Age-related differences in corticospinal control during functional isometric contractions in left and right hands

2005 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1483-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin V. Sale ◽  
John G. Semmler
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Precision Grip ◽  
Silent Period ◽  
Isometric Contractions ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

The purpose of the study was to examine age-related differences in electromyographic (EMG) responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) during functional isometric contractions in left and right hands. EMG responses were recorded from the first dorsal interosseus muscle following TMS in 10 young (26.6 ± 1.3 yr) and 10 old (67.6 ± 2.3 yr) right-handed subjects. Muscle evoked potentials (MEPs) and silent-period durations were obtained in the left and right hands during index finger abduction, a precision grip, a power grip, and a scissor grip, while EMG was held constant at 5% of maximum. For all tasks, MEP area was 30% ( P < 0.001) lower in the left hand of old compared with young subjects, whereas there was no age difference in the right hand. The duration of the EMG silent period was 14% ( P < 0.001) shorter in old (150.3 ± 2.9 ms) compared with young (173.9 ± 3.0 ms) subjects, and the age differences were accentuated in the left hand (19% shorter, P < 0.001). For all subjects, the largest MEP area (10–12% larger) and longest EMG silent period (8–19 ms longer) were observed for the scissor grip compared with the other three tasks, and the largest task-dependent change in these variables was observed in the right hand of older adults. These differences in corticospinal control in the left and right hands of older adults may reflect neural adaptations that occur throughout a lifetime of preferential hand use for skilled (dominant) and unskilled (nondominant) motor tasks.

Lateral Differences in Schematic Face Encoding during Dual-Task Performance with Increasing Levels of Difficulty

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 767-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Wilcox ◽  
R. Harter Kraft
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Interference Effects ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Dual Task Performance ◽  
Hand Tapping ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Verbal Production

20 normal, right-handed, familial dextral men performed (a) unimanual finger tapping, (b) encoding of schematic faces at three levels of difficulty (3, 5, and 7 faces), (c) verbal production, (d) concurrent tapping and verbal production, and (e) concurrent tapping and face encoding. Subsequent recognition of faces was disrupted more by concurrent left-hand tapping than by concurrent right-hand tapping, supporting both the hypothesis that the right hemisphere mediates face encoding in adults and Kinsbourne and Hicks' (1978) “functional cerebral distance principle.” Left- and right-hand tapping rate and variability were not asymmetrically affected by either verbal production or face encoding. While there was an increase in generalized interference effects on face encoding, the degree of asymmetry of the interference remained constant. In addition, as the difficulty of the memory task increased, variability of tapping rate decreased. This was discussed in terms of attention and automatic motor programming.

Asymmetry in Event-Related Potentials to Simulated Auditory Motion in Children, Young Adults, and Seniors

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 001-013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jerger ◽  
Rebecca Estes
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Apparent Movement ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Auditory Evoked Responses ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Velocity Information ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

We studied auditory evoked responses to the apparent movement of a burst of noise in the horizontal plane. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured in three groups of participants: children in the age range from 9 to 12 years, young adults in the age range from 18 to 34 years, and seniors in the age range from 65 to 80 years. The topographic distribution of grand-averaged ERP activity was substantially greater over the right hemisphere in children and seniors but slightly greater over the left hemisphere in young adults. This finding may be related to age-related differences in the extent to which judgments of sound movement are based on displacement versus velocity information.

AGE-RELATED CHANGES IN THICKNESS OF CORTEX AND ITS LAYERS IN THE PARAMEDIAN LOBULE OF THE CEREBELLUM IN CHILDREN

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Татьяна Александровна Цехмистренко ◽  
Аслан Батразович Мазлоев ◽  
Дмитрий Константинович Обухов
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Molecular Layer ◽  
First Year ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Average Group ◽  
Computer Morphometry ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Granular Layers ◽  
Age Related Changes

Цель - изучение возрастных изменений толщины коры и ее слоев в парамедианной дольке мозжечка у детей. Материал и методы. Работа выполнена на постмортальном материале (62 мозжечка), полученном от детей в возрасте от рождения до 12 лет, умерших в результате травм без повреждений головного мозга. С помощью компьютерной морфометрии на окрашенных методом Ниссля фронтальных гистологических срезах коры, взятой билатерально в области парамедианной (тонкой) дольки (HVIIB) на вершине листков мозжечка, измеряли толщину коры, а также толщину ее молекулярного и зернистого слоев. Анализ количественных данных проводили в годовых интервалах. Результаты. В парамедианной дольке мозжечка увеличение толщины коры происходит в четыре этапа: в правом полушарии - от рождения к 1, 3, 5 и 9 годам, в левом полушарии - к 1, 5, 7 и 9 годам. Левосторонняя асимметрия толщины коры мозжечка отмечается у детей 1 и 2 лет, толщины молекулярного слоя - у детей 3 лет жизни. Правосторонняя асимметрия характерна для толщины зернистого слоя у детей 3 лет и поперечника коры, в целом, у детей 6 лет. Толщина коры и слоев в области парамедианной дольки мозжечка по среднегрупповым показателям достигает уровня взрослых людей к 9 годам. Выводы. Толщина коры мозжечка и ее слоев в области дольки H VII B увеличивается гетерохронно и гетеродинамически в правом и левом полушариях мозжечка у детей на первом году жизни, а также в периоды раннего, первого и второго детства. Уменьшения поперечника коры и слоев в парамедианной дольке мозжечка у детей от рождения до 12 лет не обнаружено. Objective - to study the age-related changes in the thickness of the cortex and its layers in the paramedian lobule of the cerebellum in children. Material and methods. The work was performed on postmortem material (62 cerebellums) obtained from children aged from birth to 12 years who died from injuries but without brain damage. The thickness of the cortex, as well as the thickness of its molecular and granular layers, were measured using computer morphometry on the Nissl-stained frontal histological sections of the cortex taken bilaterally in the region of the paramedian (gracile) lobule (HVIIB) at the top of the folia of cerebellum. Analysis of quantitative data was performed at annual intervals. Results. In the paramedian lobule of the cerebellum, the increase in the thickness of the cortex occured in four stages: in the right hemisphere - from birth to 1, 3, 5 and 9 years, in the left hemisphere - to 1, 5, 7 and 9 years. Left-sided asymmetry of the cortical thickness of the cerebellum was observed in 1 and 2-year old children, the thickness of the molecular layer - in 3-year old children. Right-sided asymmetry was characteristic for the thickness of the granular layer in 3-year old children and a cross-section of the cortex in 6-year old children. The thickness of the cortex and layers in the area of the paramedian lobule of the cerebellum on the average group indicators reached the level of adults by 9 years. Conclusions. The thickness of the cerebellar cortex and its layers in the area of the lobule HVIIB increased heterochronically and heterogeneously in the right and left hemispheres of the cerebellum in children of the first year of life, and in the periods of early, first and second childhood. No reduction in the diameter of the cortex and layers in the paramedian lobule of the cerebellum of children from birth to 12 years was found.

Age-Related Changes in the Allocation of Vertical Attention

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1121-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Mańkowska ◽  
Kenneth M. Heilman ◽  
John B. Williamson ◽  
Michał Harciarek
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Ventral Stream ◽  
Midsagittal Plane ◽  
Visual Stream ◽  
Leftward Bias ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Right ◽  
Dorsal Visual Stream

AbstractObjectives: Healthy individuals often have a leftward and upward attentional spatial bias; however, there is a reduction of this leftward bias with aging. The right hemisphere mediates leftward spatial attention and age-related reduction of right hemispheric activity may account for this reduced leftward bias. The right hemisphere also appears to be responsible for upward bias, and this upward bias might reduce with aging. Alternatively, whereas the dorsal visual stream allocates attention downward, the ventral stream allocates attention upward. Since with aging there is a greater atrophy of the dorsal than ventral stream, older participants may reveal a greater upward bias. The main purpose of this study was to learn if aging influences the vertical allocation of spatial attention. Methods: Twenty-six young (17 males; mean age 44.62±2.57 years) and 25 healthy elderly (13 males; mean age 72.04±.98 years), right-handed adults performed line bisections using 24 vertical lines (24 cm long and 2 mm thick) aligned with their midsagittal plane. Results: Older adults had a significantly greater upward bias than did younger adults. Conclusions: Normal upward attentional bias increases with aging, possibly due to an age-related reduction of the dorsal attentional stream that is responsible for the allocation of downward attention. (JINS, 2018, 24, 1121–1124)

Bihemispheric Language: How the Two Hemispheres Collaborate in the Processing of Language

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman D. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Linguistic Processing ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
The Right

Speech production in most people is strongly lateralized to the left hemisphere (LH), but language understanding is generally a bilateral activity. At every level of linguistic processing that has been investigated experimentally, the right hemisphere (RH) has been found to make characteristic contributions, from the processing of the affective aspects of intonation, through the appreciation of word connotations, the decoding of the meaning of metaphors and figures of speech, to the understanding of the overall coherency of verbal humour, paragraphs and short stories. If both hemispheres are indeed engaged in linguistic decoding and both processes are required to achieve a normal level of understanding, a central question concerns how the separate language functions on the left and right are integrated. This chapter reviews relevant studies on the hemispheric contributions to language processing and the role of interhemispheric communications in cognition.

Asymmetrical Inhibitory Effects of the First Stimulus on Reaction Time to the Second Stimulus in Double-Stimulation Situations

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Honda
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Output Coupling ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Double Stimulation

Inhibitory effects of S1 on the RT to S2 in double (visual-visual) stimulation situations were examined using 10 right-handed subjects, especially from the viewpoint of hemispheric input/output coupling. It was shown that the RT of the left hemisphere (right hand) to S2 after the projection of S1 into the right hemisphere was slower than the RTs under other conditions. The results were interpreted as showing an asymmetrical interhemispheric interfering effect in situations of double stimulation.

Right hemisphere speech perception revealed by amobarbital injection and electrical interference

Neurology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Boatman ◽  
J. Hart ◽  
R. P. Lesser ◽  
N. Honeycutt ◽  
N. B. Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Left Hemisphere ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Left Posterior ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Sodium Amobarbital ◽  
The Right ◽  
Electrical Interference

Objective: To investigate the right hemispheric speech perception capabilities of an adult right-handed patient with seizures.Methods: Consecutive, unilateral, intracarotid sodium amobarbital injections and left hemispheric electrical interference mapping were used to determine lateralization and localization of speech perception, measured as syllable discrimination.Results: Syllable discrimination remained intact after left and right intracarotid sodium amobarbital injections. Language otherwise strongly lateralized to the left hemisphere. Despite evidence of bilateral speech perception capabilities, electrical interference testing in the left posterior temporal lobe impaired syllable discrimination.Conclusions: The results suggest a functionally symmetric, parallel system in the adult brain with preferential use of left hemispheric pathways for speech perception.

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