Functional relevance of cortical plasticity demonstrated with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

1997 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Functional Relevance

scholarly journals Motor cortical plasticity in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation – Electromyography studies

2019 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 37-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urvakhsh Meherwan Mehta ◽  
Milind Vijay Thanki ◽  
Jaya Padmanabhan ◽  
Alvaro Pascual-Leone ◽  
Matcheri S. Keshavan
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Motor Cortical

scholarly journals NIMG-02. CORTICAL PLASTICITY OF MOTOR-ELOQUENT AREAS MEASURED BY NAVIGATED TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION IN GLIOMA PATIENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl_6) ◽  
pp. vi123-vi123
Author(s):  
Sandro M. Krieg ◽  
Sebastian Ille ◽  
Neal Conway ◽  
Noemi Wildschuetz ◽  
Lucia Bulubas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Eloquent Areas

scholarly journals Bidirectional long-term motor cortical plasticity and metaplasticity induced by quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 586 (16) ◽  
pp. 3927-3947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Hamada ◽  
Yasuo Terao ◽  
Ritsuko Hanajima ◽  
Yuichiro Shirota ◽  
Setsu Nakatani-Enomoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Motor Cortical

Magnetic and electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex for intractable tinnitus

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Ridder ◽  
Gert De Mulder ◽  
Vincent Walsh ◽  
Neil Muggleton ◽  
Stefan Sunaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Auditory Cortex ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Cortical Reorganization ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Stimulation Of

✓ Tinnitus is a distressing symptom that affects up to 15% of the population for whom no satisfactory treatment exists. The authors present a novel surgical approach for the treatment of intractable tinnitus, based on cortical stimulation of the auditory cortex. Tinnitus can be considered an auditory phantom phenomenon similar to deafferentation pain, which is observed in the somatosensory system. Tinnitus is accompanied by a change in the tonotopic map of the auditory cortex. Furthermore, there is a highly positive association between the subjective intensity of the tinnitus and the amount of shift in tinnitus frequency in the auditory cortex, that is, the amount of cortical reorganization. This cortical reorganization can be demonstrated by functional magnetic resonance (fMR) imaging. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive method of activating or deactivating focal areas of the human brain. Linked to a navigation system that is guided by fMR images of the auditory system, TMS can suppress areas of cortical plasticity. If it is successful in suppressing a patient's tinnitus, this focal and temporary effect can be perpetualized by implanting a cortical electrode. A neuronavigation-based auditory fMR imaging-guided TMS session was performed in a patient who suffered from tinnitus due to a cochlear nerve lesion. Complete suppression of the tinnitus was obtained. At a later time an extradural electrode was implanted with the guidance of auditory fMR imaging navigation. Postoperatively, the patient's tinnitus disappeared and remains absent 10 months later. Focal extradural electrical stimulation of the primary auditory cortex at the area of cortical plasticity is capable of suppressing contralateral tinnitus completely. Transcranial magnetic stimulation may be an ideal method for noninvasive studies of surgical candidates in whom stimulating electrodes might be implanted for tinnitus suppression.

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Neural Network Account of Language

2019 ◽  
pp. 93-114
Author(s):  
Teresa Schuhmann
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Functional Relevance ◽  
The Many

This chapter illustrates how transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to investigate the functional relevance and temporal characteristics of language-related brain networks for various aspects of language processing. In contrast to neuroimaging methods establishing mainly correlative relationships between patterns of neural activity and cognitive functions, TMS enables a direct manipulation of neural network activity with respective functional consequences on behavior and cognition. Examples of whether and how TMS has been demonstrated to unravel such functional brain-behavior relationships in the domain of language processing, which is unarguably one of the most complex human abilities one could aim to investigate from a neuroscience perspective, are presented. This chapter therefore first introduces the basic principles and mechanisms of action underlying TMS, including the many possible application protocols. Based on the understanding that TMS can investigate both the spatial as well as temporal characteristics of the neural correlates of language, the suitability and limitations of TMS in language research are discussed. Next, examples of TMS language studies that have successfully employed the different advantages of TMS are presented. Finally, the applicability of TMS for clinical populations in the context of language-related deficits such as aphasia are reviewed briefly, followed by a short outlook on future perspectives of TMS in the study of language.

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