Cervical and vulvar cancer represent two clinical entities whose diagnosis and management are often challenging. They are frequently diagnosed in the early stages, therefore leaving chances for optimal treatment and prognosis. The aim of this chapter is to answer two oncological issues concerning early stage cervical and vulvar cancer. First, is still room for surgical treatment for early stage cervical cancer or should we suggest chemoradiotherapy instead? Second, when is a limited surgical intervention sufficient for early stage vulvar cancer?