Impact of predation and sediment disturbance by Carcinus maenas (L.) on free-living nematode community structure

1999 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Schratzberger ◽  
Richard M. Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Carcinus Maenas ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Sediment Disturbance ◽  
Free Living Nematode

Effects of different soil management practices on soil free-living nematode community structure, Eastern China

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daofeng Dong ◽  
Yun-Feng Chen ◽  
Yosef Steinberger ◽  
Zhi-Ping Cao
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Plant Parasite ◽  
Free Living Nematode ◽  
The Difference

An investigation was conducted in a Shouguang agroecosystem, Shandong Province, Eastern China, in order to determine the long-term (10–15 yr) disturbances of three different agricultural management practices. In this study, the main focus was on free-living soil nematodes, as a tool which will help differentiate between treatments according to their sensitivity to physical, chemical, and biota composition. In this study, three treatments were implemented in each of a total of four investigated sites: greenhouses, conventional farmlands, and fallows. Diversity, maturity (MI) and weight indices were used to assess the nematode community. The results indicated that greenhouses have a lower richness (SR), diversity, modified maturity index (ΣMI), modified maturity index for all nematodes with c-p = 2–5 [ΣMI (2–5)], plant parasite index (PPI), PPI/MI values, and fungi-feeding/bacteria-feeding (F/B) ratio, as well as lower basal index (BI) and channel index (CI) and higher dominance. These results elucidated the difference between the three treatments, where the greenhouses were an enriched disturbed system compared with the other treatments and were dominated by bacterivorous nematodes, the fallows were a relatively infertile and stable system dominated by plant parasites, and the conventional farmlands can be positioned between the above two treatments. Key words: Agricultural management, nematode, disturbance, indices

scholarly journals Earthworms and Plant Residues Modify Nematodes in Tropical Cropping Soils (Madagascar): A Mesocosm Experiment

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Villenave ◽  
Bodo Rabary ◽  
Emilie Kichenin ◽  
Djibril Djigal ◽  
Eric Blanchart
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Mesocosm Experiment ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Specific Stimulation ◽  
Stimulation Of

Free-living nematodes present several characteristics that have led to their use as bioindicators of soil quality. Analyzing the structure of nematofauna is a pertinent way to understand soil biological processes. Earthworms play an important role in soil biological functioning and organic matter dynamics. Their effects on soil nematofauna have seldom been studied. We studied the effect of the tropical endogeic earthworm,Pontoscolex corethrurus, on nematode community structure in a 5-month field mesocosm experiment conducted in Madagascar. Ten different treatments with or without earthworms and with or without organic residues (rice, soybean) were compared. Organic residues were applied on the soil surface or mixed with the soil. The abundance of nematodes (bacterial and fungal feeders) was higher in presence ofP. corethrurusthan in their absence. The type of plant residues as well as their localisation had significant effects on the abundance and composition of soil nematodes. The analysis of nematode community structure showed that earthworm activity led to an overall activation of the microbial compartment without specific stimulation of the bacterial or fungal compartment.

Responses of nematode community structure to pesticide treatments in an arid ecosystem of the Negev Desert

Nematology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Yosef Steinberger
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Trophic Group ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Untreated Plot ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distributions ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Temporal Basis

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of pesticides on free-living soil nematodes in a desert system. Spatial and temporal distributions as well as changes in nematode community structure were investigated. Soil samples were collected monthly between November 2000 and November 2001 from four plots: one treated with Nemacur, one with Edigan, one with water and one untreated plot as control. The nematode population as well as spatial distribution was found to be affected by treatments on a temporal basis. The different treatments applied led to a significant difference in the abundance of nematode trophic groups, where the fungivores and bacterivores were found to decrease in the pesticide-treated samples. A total of 31 genera were found in the samples, with 21 in the Nemacur-treated sample and 16 in the Edigan-treated sample. Ecological indices such as trophic diversity, maturity index and Shannon index elucidated the effect of pesticides on density, diversity and trophic group composition.

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