The validity of Antonow's rule for the solid-liquid interface, and the consequent measurement of the surface-tension of solids

Physica ◽  
1934 ◽  
Vol 1 (7-12) ◽  
pp. 1181-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Loman ◽  
N.P. Zwikker
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

Dependence of the Contact Angle on Adsorption at the Solid-Liquid Interface

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Line Tension ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Fluid Interfaces ◽  
Phase Line ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

A method for determining the surface tension of solid-fluid interfaces has been proposed. For a given temperature and fluid-solid combination, these surface tensions are expressed in terms of material properties that can be determined by measuring the amount of vapor adsorbed on the solid surface as a function of xV, the ratio of the vapor-phase pressure to the saturation-vapor pressure. The thermodynamic concept of pressure is shown to be in conflict with that of continuum mechanics, but is supported experimentally. This approach leads to the prediction that the contact angle, θ, can only exist in a narrow pressure range and that in this pressure range, the solid-vapor surface tension is constant and equal to the surface tension of the liquid-vapor interface, γLV. The surface tension of the solid-liquid interface, γSL, may be expressed in terms of measurable properties, γLV and θ: γSL = γLV(1 − cosθ). The value of θ is predicted to depend on both the pressure in the liquid at the three-phase, line x3L, and the three-phase line curvature, Ccl. We examine these predictions using sessile water droplets on a polished Cu surface, maintained in a closed, constant volume, isothermal container. The value of θ is found to depend on the adsorption at the solid-liquid interface, nSL = nSL(x3L,Ccl). The predicted value of θ is compared with that measured, and found to be in close agreement, but no effect of line tension is found.

scholarly journals Morphological Development of Sub-Grain Cellular/Bands Microstructures in Selective Laser Melting

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihe Liu ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Ben Xu ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Congcong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Eutectic Alloys ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Submicron Scale ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

In this paper, single-layer and bulk 316 L selective laser melting (SLM) experiments were conducted, fine submicron-scale geometric symmetrical cellular (hexagonal, pentagonal and square), elongated cellular and bands solidification morphologies were found in the laser-melt top surface. Meanwhile, morphological developed sub-grain patterns with quasi-hexagonal cellular, elongated cellular and bands structures (size ~1 μm) coexisting inside one single macro-solidified grain were also identified. This demonstrated the transitions from quasi-hexagonal-cells to elongated cells/bands, and transitions reverse, occurred in the whole bulk under some circumstances during SLM. Based on the experimental realities, these morphologies are formed by the local convection and Bénard instabilities in front of the solid/liquid interface (so-called mushy zones) affected by intricate temperature and surface tension gradients. Quasi-hexagonal cellular convective fields are then superimposed on macro-grain solidification to form the sub-grain patterns and micro-segregations. This explanation seems reasonable and is unifying as it can be expanded to other eutectic alloys with face center cubic (FCC) prevenient phase prepared by SLM, e.g., the Al-Si and Co-Cr-Mo systems.

Observation of Femtosecond Acoustic Anomaly in a Solid Liquid Interface

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 2987-2993
Author(s):  
Chi-Kuang Sun ◽  
Yi-Ting Yao ◽  
Chih-Chiang Shen ◽  
Mu-Han Ho ◽  
Tien-Chang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Acoustic Anomaly ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid
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