A new method to solve a non-steady-state multispecies biofilm model

1993 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
V GADANI ◽  
P VILLON ◽  
J MANEM ◽  
B RITTMANN
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
New Method ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Multispecies Biofilm

A new method to solve a non-steady-state multispecies biofilm model

1993 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Gadani ◽  
Pierre Villon ◽  
Jacques Manem ◽  
Bruce Rittmann
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
New Method ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Multispecies Biofilm

Performance Analysis for a Gantry Crane System (GCS) Using Priority-Based Fitness Scheme in Binary Particle Swarm Optimization

2014 ◽  
Vol 903 ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazriq Izzuan Jaafar ◽  
Zaharuddin Mohamed ◽  
Amar Faiz Zainal Abidin ◽  
Zamani Md Sani ◽  
Jasrul Jamani Jamian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Control Structure ◽  
Lagrange Equation ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
New Method ◽  
Gantry Crane ◽  
Binary Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Swarm Optimization

This paper presents development of an optimal PID and PD controllers for controlling the nonlinear Gantry Crane System (GCS). A new method of Binary Particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO) algorithm that uses Priority-based Fitness Scheme is developed to obtain optimal PID and PD parameters. The optimal parameters are tested on the control structure to examine system responses including trolley displacement and payload oscillation. The dynamic model of GCS is derived using Lagrange equation. Simulation is conducted within Matlab environment to verify the performance of the system in terms of settling time, steady state error and overshoot. The result not only confirmed the successes of using new method for GCS, but also shows the new method performs more efficiently compared to the continuous PSO. This proposed technique demonstrates that implementation of Priority-based Fitness Scheme in BPSO is effective and able to move the trolley as fast as possible to the desired position with low payload oscillation.

Estimation of the rate of appearance in the non-steady state with a two-compartment model

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (2) ◽  
pp. E400-E415 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mari
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Glucose Production ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
New Method ◽  
Two Compartment Model ◽  
Glucose Clamp Technique ◽  
Glucose Output ◽  
The Relationship

A simple tracer-based method for calculating the rate of appearance of endogenous substances in the non-steady state, free from the inconsistencies of Steele's equation, is still lacking. This paper presents a method based on a two-compartment model by which the rate of appearance can be calculated with only a modest increase in complexity over Steele's approach. An equation is developed where the rate of appearance is expressed as a sum of three terms: a steady-state term, a term for the first compartment, and a term for the second compartment. The formula employs three parameters and makes the relationship between rate of appearance and specific activity changes explicit. An equation is also provided for estimating the error of the method in each individual run. The algorithm can be implemented with a spreadsheet on a personal computer. Simulated and experimental data obtained by the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic glucose clamp technique were used as a test. The accuracy with which the time course of glucose production could be reconstructed was clearly better than that using Steele's equation. Marked negative values for endogenous glucose output were calculated with Steele's equation but not with the new method. The characteristics of generality, simplicity, and accuracy and the availability of an error estimate make this new method suitable for routine application to non-steady-state tracer analysis.

A multispecies biofilm model

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Wanner ◽  
W. Gujer
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Multispecies Biofilm

Two-dimensional cellular automaton model for mixed-culture biofilm

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.E. Pizarro ◽  
C. Garcia ◽  
R. Moreno ◽  
M. E. Sepulveda
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Constant Thickness ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Active Biomass ◽  
Biofilm Thickness ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Systems Models ◽  
Microbial Mass

Structural and microbial heterogeneity occurs in almost any type of biofilm system. General approaches for the design of biofilm systems consider biofilms as homogeneous and of constant thickness. In order to improve the design of biofilms systems, models need to incorporate structural heterogeneity and the effect of inert microbial mass. We have improved a 2D biofilm model based on cellular automata (CA) and used it to simulate multidimensional biofilms with active and inert biomass including a self-organizing development. Results indicate that the presence of inert biomass within biofilm structures does not change considerably the substrate flux into the biofilm because the active biomass is located at the surface of the biofilm. Long-term simulations revealed that although the biofilm system is highly heterogeneous and the microstructure is continuously changing, the biofilm reaches a dynamic steady-state with prediction of biofilm thickness and substrate flux stabilizing on a delimited range.

A new method for observing steady‐state vibrations at liquid‐air interfaces

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-146
Author(s):  
D. M. Jacobson ◽  
B. Z. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
New Method ◽  
Air Interfaces
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