scholarly journals Effects of unconditional and conditional cash transfers on child health and development in Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised trial

The Lancet ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 381 (9874) ◽  
pp. 1283-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Robertson ◽  
Phyllis Mushati ◽  
Jeffrey W Eaton ◽  
Lovemore Dumba ◽  
Gideon Mavise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfers ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Health And Development

scholarly journals Effectiveness of conditional cash transfers (Afya credits incentive) to retain women in the continuum of care during pregnancy, birth and the postnatal period in Kenya: a cluster-randomised trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e055921
Author(s):  
Fedra Vanhuyse ◽  
Oliver Stirrup ◽  
Aloyce Odhiambo ◽  
Tom Palmer ◽  
Sarah Dickin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Electronic System ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfers ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Continuum

ObjectivesGiven high maternal and child mortality rates, we assessed the impact of conditional cash transfers (CCTs) to retain women in the continuum of care (antenatal care (ANC), delivery at facility, postnatal care (PNC) and child immunisation).DesignWe conducted an unblinded 1:1 cluster-randomised controlled trial.Setting48 health facilities in Siaya County, Kenya were randomised. The trial ran from May 2017 to December 2019.Participants2922 women were recruited to the control and 2522 to the intervention arm.InterventionsAn electronic system recorded attendance and triggered payments to the participant’s mobile for the intervention arm (US$4.5), and phone credit for the control arm (US$0.5). Eligibility criteria were resident in the catchment area and access to a mobile phone.Primary outcomesPrimary outcomes were any ANC, delivery, any PNC between 4 and 12 months after delivery, childhood immunisation and referral attendance to other facilities for ANC or PNC. Given problems with the electronic system, primary outcomes were obtained from maternal clinic books if participants brought them to data extraction meetings (1257 (50%) of intervention and 1053 (36%) control arm participants). Attendance at referrals to other facilities is not reported because of limited data.ResultsWe found a significantly higher proportion of appointments attended for ANC (67% vs 60%, adjusted OR (aOR) 1.90; 95% CI 1.36 to 2.66) and child immunisation (88% vs 85%; aOR 1.74; 95% CI 1.10 to 2.77) in intervention than control arm. No intervention effect was seen considering delivery at the facility (90% vs 92%; aOR 0.58; 95% CI 0.25 to 1.33) and any PNC attendance (82% vs 81%; aOR 1.25; 95% CI 0.74 to 2.10) separately. The pooled OR across all attendance types was 1.64 (1.28 to 2.10).ConclusionsDemand-side financing incentives, such as CCTs, can improve attendance for appointments. However, attention needs to be paid to the technology, the barriers that remain for delivery at facility and PNC visits and encouraging women to attend ANC visits within the recommended WHO timeframe.Trial registrationNCT03021070.

scholarly journals Findings from a cluster randomised trial of unconditional cash transfers in Niger

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e12615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Sibson ◽  
Carlos S. Grijalva‐Eternod ◽  
Garba Noura ◽  
Julia Lewis ◽  
Kwanli Kladstrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised ◽  
Unconditional Cash Transfers

Maternal and child health nurses’ experiences of implementing two community-based breastfeeding interventions in Victoria, Australia: A mixed methods process evaluation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rhian L Cramer ◽  
Helen L McLachlan ◽  
Touran Shafiei ◽  
Lisa H Amir ◽  
Meabh Cullinane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Maternal And Child Health ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Trial ◽  
Breastfeeding Initiation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
And Child Health

Despite high rates of breastfeeding initiation in Australia, there is a significant drop in breastfeeding rates in the early postpartum period, and Australian government breastfeeding targets are not being met. The Supporting breastfeeding In Local Communities (SILC) trial was a three-arm cluster randomised trial implemented in 10 Victorian local government areas (LGAs). It aimed to determine whether early home-based breastfeeding support by a maternal and child health nurse (MCH nurse) with or without access to a community-based breastfeeding drop-in centre increased the proportion of infants receiving ‘any’ breast milk at four months. Focus groups, a written questionnaire and semi-structured interviews were undertaken to explore the interventions from the perspective of the SILC-MCH nurses (n=13) and coordinators (n=6), who established and implemented the interventions. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify themes, then findings further examined using Diffusion of Innovations Theory as a framework. SILC-MCH nurses and coordinators reported high levels of satisfaction, valuing the opportunity to improve breastfeeding in our community; and having focused breastfeeding time with women in their own homes. They felt the SILC interventions offered benefits to women, nurses and the MCH service. Implementing new interventions into existing, complex community health services presented unforeseen challenges, which were different in each LGA and were in part due to the complexity of the individual LGAs and not the interventions themselves. These findings will help inform the planning and development of future programs aimed at improving breastfeeding and other interventions in MCH.

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