Social determinants of health, universal health coverage, and sustainable development: case studies from Latin American countries

The Lancet ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 385 (9975) ◽  
pp. 1343-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Odorico Monteiro de Andrade ◽  
Alberto Pellegrini Filho ◽  
Orielle Solar ◽  
Félix Rígoli ◽  
Lígia Malagon de Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Universal Health

scholarly journals Primary Healthcare Policy Research: Including Variables Associated With the Social Determinants of Health Matters Comment on "Universal Health Coverage for Non-communicable Diseases and Health Equity: Lessons From Australian Primary Healthcare"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Berg
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Universal Health

Fisher et al have provided a solid addition to health policy literature in their finding that universal health coverage supports equitable access to Australian primary healthcare (PHC), despite factors such as episodic care and poor distribution of services. Their definition of PHC was comprehensive, extending beyond medical care to include social determinants of health and public policy. However, they limited their operational definition for purposes of the study to general practice, community health and allied health. Applying a narrower definition risks lost opportunities to identify policy implications for equity beyond financial accessibility. The populations most at risk of non-communicable diseases also face significant language, culture, and individual and systemic discrimination barriers to access. Future policy research should consider using a comprehensive PHC definition in determining variables of interest and designing research methodologies, to avoid missing important knowledge that allows existing biases within primary care to continue.

scholarly journals Universal Health Coverage for Inclusive and Sustainable Development: A Synthesis of 11 Country Case Studies

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Maeda ◽  
Edson Araujo ◽  
Cheryl Cashin ◽  
Joseph Harris ◽  
Naoki Ikegami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Universal Health

Universal health coverage in Latin American countries: how to improve solidarity-based schemes

The Lancet ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 385 (9975) ◽  
pp. 1359-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Titelman ◽  
Oscar Cetrángolo ◽  
Olga Lucía Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Universal Health

scholarly journals Media Exposure and the Social Determinants of Health Insurance Coverage in Ethiopia 2011 - 2016

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eniola Olatunji ◽  
Sanam Maredia ◽  
Allen Nguyen ◽  
Natalie Freeman ◽  
David J Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Determinants Of Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Universal Health

Background: In a push for universal health coverage, Ethiopia introduced two insurance schemes in 2010. Yet coverage rates remain very low. To encourage greater adoption, policymakers require a better understanding of who chooses to enroll and which promotional efforts are most effective in encouraging enrollment. Objective: Using nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys, this research assessed the social determinants of health insurance coverage, including media exposure, in Ethiopia from 2011-2016. Methods: This research analyzed health insurance coverage and other sociodemographic and media exposure variables using multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Health insurance coverage increased 3.30 times from 1.48% in 2011 to 4.89% in 2016. In both years, coverage was associated with higher education, older age, higher wealth levels, and exposure to newspaper and television. Compared to those with no exposure to newspaper, those with newspaper exposure at least once a week were 1.80 times (2011) and 1.86 times (2016) more likely to be insured. Similar results were obtained for television exposure. Conclusion: Initiatives that target the poor and less educated will be necessary if Ethiopia is to achieve universal health coverage. This research suggests that, to date, newspaper and television mediums have been effective promotion mechanisms for growing enrollment.

scholarly journals Resenha internacional: Universal Health Coverage for inclusive and sustainable development: a synthesis of 11 country case studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Sueli Gandolfi Dallari
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
International Bank ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Universal Health

Resenha sobre a publicação "Universal Health Coverage for inclusive and sustainable development: a synthesis of 11 country case studies", Akiko Maeda, Edson Araujo, Cheryl Cashin, Joseph Harris, Naoki Ikegami, and Michael R. Reich (org.), International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank <http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-0297-3>

scholarly journals Strengthening health systems to achieve Universal Health Coverage: Lessons from four Latin American countries.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro Gilardino ◽  
Rifkin Susan B ◽  
Pilar Valanzasca
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Financial Protection ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Service Coverage ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background: During the 1990s, health systems within several Latin American countries changed to expand service coverage and reach more people. These changes are considered the antecedent of the Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Seven years after the United Nations’ call for UHC, healthcare services in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico are generally accessible and affordable. However, these countries increasingly struggle to meet their populations’ growing health needs while also addressing rising health care costs. This research aims to describe measures taken by these four countries to commit by UHC, addressing their barriers and challenges. Methods: This study examined literature review data, supplemented with survey data collected from regional stakeholders. Data were analyzed within an ad-hoc matrix.Results: These four countries increased healthcare services coverage by strengthening their primary healthcare systems. They also expanded coverage for non-communicable diseases, provided community outreach, and increased the number of skilled healthcare workers. New pharmaceutical support programs provided access to treatments for chronic conditions at zero cost, while high-costs drugs and cancer treatments were partially guaranteed. However, these measures did not achieve full financial protection to all, leaving citizens exposed to possible catastrophic expenditures, despite increased service coverage. UHC is funded primarily through taxes and polling resources, and these four countries still struggle to find mechanisms that could increase pooling mechanisms capable of increasing service coverage, while reducing financial inequities among people. Conclusions: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico have made progress towards UHC. Nevertheless, additional mechanisms to sustain financial protection are urgently required. The decentralization of the primary healthcare system, the development of public-private partnerships, and the implementation of progressive financing mechanisms like conditional cash transfers are potential manners to improve service delivery and financial protection contributing to effective UHC.

scholarly journals The Legal Determinants of Health: How Can We Achieve Universal Health Coverage and What Does it Mean?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence O. Gostin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The Right ◽  
Universal Health

How can we keep people – wherever they live – healthy and safe? Among all global health initiatives, universal health coverage (UHC) has garnered most political attention. But can UHC (as important as it is) actually achieve the two fundamental aspirations of the right to health: keeping people healthy and safe, while leaving no one behind? There is a universal longing for health and security, but also a deep-seated belief in fairness and equity. Can UHC achieve both health and equity, or what I have called, "global health with justice?" What makes a population healthy and safe? Certainly, universal and affordable access to healthcare is essential, including clinical prevention, treatment, and essential medicines. But beyond medical care are public health services, including surveillance, clean air, potable water, sanitation, vector control, and tobacco control. The final and most important factor in good health are social determinants, including housing, employment, education, and equity. If we can provide everyone with these three essential conditions for good health (healthcare, public health and social determinants), it would vastly improve global health. But we also need to take measures to leave no one behind. To achieve equity, we need to plan for it, and here I propose national health equity programs of action. Society’s highest obligation is to achieve global health, with justice.

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