The Rust Fungi of the British Isles – A guide to Identification by their Host Plants

Mycologist ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
J. Muscott
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
British Isles

Notes on rust fungi in China 8. Pucciniastrum tiliae life cycle and new host plants inferred from phylogenetic evidence

Mycotaxon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-499
Author(s):  
Jing-Xin Ji ◽  
Zhuang Li ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Makoto Kakishima
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
New Host ◽  
First Time

The life cycle connection between spermogonial and aecial stages of a rust fungus found on Abies holophylla and uredinial and telial stages on Tilia mongolica and T. mandshurica collected in northeast China were confirmed by phylogenetic analyses. The rust, identified as Pucciniastrum tiliae, was confirmed by morphological observations. The life cycle of this rust fungus is reported for the first time in China, and A. holophylla and T. mongolica represent new host plants for the species.

Correlation of diversity of rust fungi and their host plants with disturbance and conservation of vegetation in western Panama

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2323-2339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Mangelsdorff ◽  
M. Piepenbring ◽  
O. Perdomo-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Rust Fungi

scholarly journals The rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina expresses a conserved genetic program and distinct sets of secreted protein genes during infection of its two host plants, larch and poplar

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Lorrain ◽  
Clémence Marchal ◽  
Stéphane Hacquard ◽  
Christine Delaruelle ◽  
Jérémy Pétrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Clonal Multiplication

SummaryMechanims required for broad spectrum or specific host colonization of plant parasites are poorly understood. As a perfect illustration, heteroecious rust fungi require two alternate host plants to complete their life cycle. Melampsora larici-populina infects two taxonomically unrelated plants, larch on which sexual reproduction is achieved and poplar on which clonal multiplication occurs leading to severe epidemics in plantations. High-depth RNA sequencing was applied to three key developmental stages of M. larici-populina infection on larch: basidia, pycnia and aecia. Comparative transcriptomics of infection on poplar and larch hosts was performed using available expression data. Secreted protein was the only significantly over-represented category among differentially expressed M. larici-populina genes in basidia, pycnia and aecia compared together, highlighting their probable involvement in the infection process. Comparison of fungal transcriptomes in larch and poplar revealed a majority of rust genes commonly expressed on the two hosts and a fraction exhibiting a host-specific expression. More particularly, gene families encoding small secreted proteins presented striking expression profiles that highlight probable candidate effectors specialized on each host. Our results bring valuable new information about the biological cycle of rust fungi and identify genes that may contribute to host specificity.

scholarly journals Little-known species of rust fungi in Trans-Ili Alatau: biology, location and host plants range

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
E. V. Rakhimova ◽  
◽  
B. D. Ermekova ◽  
L. A. Kyzmetova ◽  
A. M. Assylbek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
In Trans

scholarly journals Grzyby z rodzaju Ramularia występujące w Polsce [The Ramularia species in Poland]

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 1-158
Author(s):  
Agata Wołczańska
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
The South ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
East Part

<p>The <em>Ramularia </em>species represent a big and interesting group among parasitic Hyphomycetes. In Poland have been collected so far 115 species: one on fern, three on 5 species of rust fungi and the remaining ones on angiosperms (on 304 species belonging to 38 families). The most common are: <em>R</em><em>. geranii </em>var. <em>geranii</em>, <em>R. grevilleana </em>var. <em>grevilleana</em>, <em>R. inaequale </em>and <em>R. urticae</em>. But more than 40% of all the species occur very seldom (they are known from 1-5 stands). The following examples be- long to this group: <em>R. asplenii</em>, <em>R. asteris</em>, <em>R. keithii</em>, <em>R. minutissima </em>and <em>R. rhaetica</em>.</p><p>The biggest number of parasitic species are noted on the representatives of <em>Asteraceae </em>(17 species), <em>Scrophulariaceae</em><em> </em>(9), <em>Rosaceae </em>(7) and <em>Polygonaceae </em>(7).</p><p>The best explored regions in Poland are situated in the south and south-east part of the country: Kraina Karpat Zachodnich, Kraina Południowomazowiecko-Podlaska and Kraina Dolnośląska.</p><p>The <em>Ramularia </em>species are facultative saprotrophs. Anamorphs parasite on host plants and fungi, but known teleomorphs, belonging to <em>Mycosphaerella </em>genus, develop on plants remains. The vegeta- tive season indicates their occurrence limits. They start to grow in April, the biggest number of spe- cies are collected in summer and the end of vegetation in November, is the signal to stop producing spores. At that time they form sclerotia, perithecia or pass the winter as mycelium and conidia.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals The Rust Fungus Melampsora larici-populina Expresses a Conserved Genetic Program and Distinct Sets of Secreted Protein Genes During Infection of Its Two Host Plants, Larch and Poplar

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 695-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Lorrain ◽  
Clémence Marchal ◽  
Stéphane Hacquard ◽  
Christine Delaruelle ◽  
Jérémy Pétrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Clonal Multiplication

Mechanisms required for broad-spectrum or specific host colonization of plant parasites are poorly understood. As a perfect illustration, heteroecious rust fungi require two alternate host plants to complete their life cycles. Melampsora larici-populina infects two taxonomically unrelated plants, larch, on which sexual reproduction is achieved, and poplar, on which clonal multiplication occurs, leading to severe epidemics in plantations. We applied deep RNA sequencing to three key developmental stages of M. larici-populina infection on larch: basidia, pycnia, and aecia, and we performed comparative transcriptomics of infection on poplar and larch hosts, using available expression data. Secreted protein was the only significantly overrepresented category among differentially expressed M. larici-populina genes between the basidial, the pycnial, and the aecial stages, highlighting their probable involvement in the infection process. Comparison of fungal transcriptomes in larch and poplar revealed a majority of rust genes were commonly expressed on the two hosts and a fraction exhibited host-specific expression. More particularly, gene families encoding small secreted proteins presented striking expression profiles that highlight probable candidate effectors specialized on each host. Our results bring valuable new information about the biological cycle of rust fungi and identify genes that may contribute to host specificity.

scholarly journals Geographical analysis of the Uredinales flora of Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 13-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
Geographical Analysis ◽  
Historical Factors

The analysis of the Polish flora of the order <i>Uredinales</i> is based on a simultaneously published descriptive elaboration (M a j e w s k i 1977, ms). The information on the <i>Uredinales</i> flora of Poland has been compared as far as possible with the data obtained from the analysis of the flora of sever al other countries in Europe with a different type of vegetations. In a chapter devoted to the statistics of the flora of Polish rust fungi the number of genera and species of these fungi in Poland is discussed, as well as their life cycles and host plants. The distribution of <i>Uredinales</i> in Poland is analysed on the basis of the A r w i d s s o n - D u r r i e u classification modified by the author, and particular attention is paid to the depedence of the range of the fungus on its life cycle and the occurrence of the host. Changes in the flora a result of its synantropization are also considered. The Polish <i>Uredinales</i> are divided into several groups on the basis of range, and example of their distribution involving historical factors are discussed.

scholarly journals Species composition and distribution of rust fungi in Zailisky Alatau (Kazakhstan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00069
Author(s):  
Yelena Rakhimova ◽  
Gulnaz Sypabekkyzy ◽  
Lyazzat Kyzmetova ◽  
Assem Assylbek
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Rust Fungi ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Solar Insolation ◽  
Vegetation Zone ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Species Composition And Distribution

Mycobiota of the Zailisky Alatau includes 176 species of rust fungi, the Microbotryomycetes class has 5 species, the Pucciniomycetes class is represented with 171 species. The largest number of species is characteristic of the genera Puccinia (98 species) and Uromyces (24 species). Others genera are represented with 1-13 species. The greatest number of species of rust fungi is noted for altitudes of 1700-1900 and 1900-2100 m above sea level, what correlates with the vegetation zone of dark coniferous forests and meadows. Great aridity does not allow fungi to develop intensively in the lower foothills and steppe zone, and low temperatures and intense solar insolation inhibit the development of rust fungi in the alpine and subalpine zones. 337 plant species from 165 genera are registered as host plants. The largest number of rust fungi species is noted in the Small and Big Almaty gorges (73 and 57 species, respectively), in the Talgar and Turgen gorges (57 and 63 species, respectively). The gorges of Karakastek, Ush-Konyr, Uzyn-Kargaly, Chemolgan, Small Kemin and Oi-Karagai are characterized by an insignificant diversity of rust fungi (from 3 to 8 species), which is associated with lower humidity of these gorges.

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