Evaluation of the in vivo genetic toxicity of concentrated barley β-glucan

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Delaney ◽  
Nico de Vogel ◽  
Cyrille A.M Krul
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Toxicity

Development of improved QSAR models for predicting the outcome of the in vivo micronucleus genetic toxicity assay

2020 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 104620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Wook Yoo ◽  
Naomi L. Kruhlak ◽  
Curran Landry ◽  
Kevin P. Cross ◽  
Alexander Sedykh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Genetic Toxicity ◽  
Qsar Models

scholarly journals Results of in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicity tests on methyl isocyanate

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 183-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Shelby ◽  
James W. Allen ◽  
William J. Caspary ◽  
Steven Haworth ◽  
James Ivett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Methyl Isocyanate ◽  
Genetic Toxicity

Genetic Toxicity Studies of the Ketogenic Ester Bis Hexanoyl (R)-1,3-Butanediol

2021 ◽  
pp. 109158182199177
Author(s):  
Brianna J. Stubbs ◽  
Andrey I. Nikiforov ◽  
Marisa O. Rihner ◽  
Sari Weston ◽  
Nancy Higley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Coli Strain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Genetic Toxicity ◽  
Polychromatic Erythrocytes

A series of studies was conducted to assess the genetic toxicity of a novel ketone ester, bis hexanoyl (R)-1,3-butanediol (herein referred to as BH-BD), according to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development testing guidelines under the standards of Good Laboratory Practices. In bacterial reverse mutation tests, there was no evidence of mutagenic activity in any of the Salmonella typhimurium strains tested or in Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA, at dose levels up to 5,000 μg/plate in the presence or absence of Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver (S9 mix) for metabolic activation. In the in vitro micronucleus test using human TK6 cells, BH-BD did not show a statistically significant increase in the number of cells containing micronuclei when compared with concurrent control cultures at all time points and at any of the concentrations analyzed (up to 100 μg/mL, final concentration in culture medium), with and without S9 mix activation. In the in vivo micronucleus test using Sprague Dawley rats, BH-BD did not show a statistically significant increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes relative to the vehicle control group. Therefore, BH-BD was concluded to be negative in all 3 tests. These results support the safety assessment of BH-BD for potential use in food.

Evaluation of the Genetic Toxicity of the Peroxisome Proliferator and Carcinogen Methyl Clofenapate, Including Assays Usin Muta TM Mouse and Big Blue™ Transgenic Mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 764-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Lefevre ◽  
H. Tinwell ◽  
S.M. Galloway ◽  
R. Hill ◽  
J.M. Mackay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Cho Cells ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Micronucleus Assay ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Genetic Toxicity

The rodent liver carcinogen and hepatic peroxisome proliferator methylclofenapate (MCP) has been evaluated for genetic toxicity in a range of in vitro and rodent genotoxicity assays. It gave a negative response in each of the following assays: mutagenicity to S.typhimurium and E.coli (± S9 mix, plate and pre-incubation assays), clastogenicity to cultured human lymphocytes and CHO cells (± S9 mix), a mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay (24h and 48h sampling), a rat liver assay for UDS in vivo (12h sampling), assays for lac I (Big Blue™) and lac Z (Muta™ Mouse) mutations in the liver of transgenic mice, and an assay of the ability of MCP to modify the mutagenicity to the liver of dimethylnitrosamine in both transgenic mutation assays. The micronucleus and UDS assays were conducted using a single administration of MCP at its maximum tolerated dose, while the transgenic assays were conducted using nine daily administrations of MCP at its cancer bioassay dose level. These nine daily administrations were shown to double the weight of the liver of non-transgenic, Big Blue™ and Muta™ Mice, as well as leading to a dramatic proliferation of peroxisomes (electron microscopy) in the livers of each strain. These changed parameters had returned to control levels when the mutation analyses were conducted (10 days after the final dose of MCP). Despite the liver enlargement observed following MCP administration, no evidence of mitotic activity was observed in treated livers, although an increased number of cells were undergoing replicative DNA synthesis during the final 3 days of the 9 days of administration (BUdR assessment of S-phase). Liver biochemistry parameters (ALT, AST, AP, CK, GGT and albumin) were unaffected by the chronic (9 day) administration of MCP indicating an absence of hepatic toxicity, These combined observations favour a non-genotoxic mechanism of action for the hepatic carcinogenicity of MCP. The clastogenicity in vitro of the peroxisome proliferator Wyeth 14,643 has been confirmed in CHO cells, but it is noted that this chemical is more soluble than is MCP. In particular, at the highest dose level at which MCP could be tested, Wy 14,643 was also nonclastogenic.

In vivo evaluation of the genetic toxicity of Rubus niveus Thunb. (Rosaceae) extract and initial screening of its potential chemoprevention against doxorubicin-induced DNA damage

2015 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Tolentino ◽  
Priscila Alves de Araújo ◽  
Eduardo de Souza Marques ◽  
Marcel Petreanu ◽  
Sérgio Faloni de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Genetic Toxicity

scholarly journals Acute, Multiple-Dose Dermal and Genetic Toxicity of Nu-3: A Novel Antimicrobial Agent

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Juan Sun ◽  
Yanxin Hu ◽  
Shanping Cao ◽  
Guozhong Zhang ◽  
Lun-Quan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Multiple Dose ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Antimicrobial Compound ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Genetic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicological Profile

Nu-3 [butyl-phosphate--thymidine--phosphate-butyl] is a modified nucleotide that has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria includingPseudomonas aeruginosa. However, data on the toxicological profile of Nu-3 are still lacking. In the present study, the toxicity of Nu-3 was evaluated by the following studies: acute oral toxicity, dermal and mucous membrane irritation, multiple-dose toxicity and genotoxicity in vivo and vitro. The acute oral toxicity test in mice showed that Nu-3 had an of 2001mg/kg body weight. The irritation tests on rats revealed that Nu-3 was not irritant, with an irritation scoring of 0. The multiple-dose toxicity study in rats showed that Nu-3 did not cause significant changes in histology, selected serum chemistry, and hematological parameters compared to the controls. Rats administrated with multiple-doses of Nu-3 showed no visible toxic symptoms. Both in vitro and in vivo, Nu-3 exhibited no notable genetic toxicity. Overall, the data suggest that Nu-3 is hypotoxic or nontoxic antimicrobial compound that warrants being further developed for treatingPseudomonas aeruginosainfection.

scholarly journals In vivo and in vitro safety evaluation of fermented Citrus sunki peel extract: acute and 90-day repeated oral toxicity studies with genotoxicity assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Sung Park ◽  
Eun-Young Cho ◽  
Yun-Soon Kim ◽  
Euna Kwon ◽  
Kang-Min Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Model Systems ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Genetic Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Peel Extract

Abstract Background Citrus sunki Hort. ex Tanaka peel has been traditionally used as an ingredient in folk medicine due to its therapeutic effects on promotion of splenic health and diuresis as well as relief of gastrointestinal symptoms. Although a growing interest in health-promoting natural products and the development of highly concentrated products have facilitated consumption of C. sunki peel, its safety assessment has not been explored, posing a potential health risk. In this study, we carried out a series of systemic and genetic toxicity tests on fermented C. sunki peel extract (FCPE) to provide the essential information required for safe use in human. Methods We conducted acute and 90-day repeated oral toxicity studies in Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate systemic toxicity, and three genotoxicity assays to measure bacterial mutation reversion, cellular chromosome aberration and in vivo micronucleus formation. Results Single oral administration of FCPE did not cause any clinical signs and lethality in all animals, establishing LD50 to be over 2000 mg/kg BW. Repeated administration of up to 2000 mg/kg BW FCPE for 90 days revealed no test substance-related toxicity as demonstrated in analysis of body weight gain, food/water intake, blood, serum biochemistry, organ weight and histopathology, collectively determining that the no-observable-adverse-effect-level of FCPE is over 2000 mg/kg BW. In addition, we detected no mutagenicity and clastogenicity in FCPE at 5000 μg/plate for the in vitro assays and 2000 mg/kg BW for the in vivo micronucleus test. Conclusion FCPE did not cause systemic and genetic toxicity in our model systems at the tested dose levels. These results suggest a guideline for safe consumption of C. sunki peel in human.

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