Modulation of soleus H-reflex following ipsilateral mechanical loading of the sole of the foot in normal and complete spinal cord injured humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 303 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Knikou ◽  
Bernard A. Conway
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured ◽  
Sole Of The Foot

scholarly journals Isolated osteoblasts from spinal cord-injured rats respond less to mechanical loading as compared with those from hindlimb-immobilized rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Dan Jiang ◽  
Yue-Hua Yang ◽  
Jiang-Wei Chen ◽  
Lei-Sheng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Mechanical Loading ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

Operant Conditioning of H-Reflex Increase in Spinal Cord–Injured Rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIANG YANG CHEN ◽  
JONATHAN R. WOLPAW ◽  
LYN B. JAKEMAN ◽  
BRADFORD T. STOKES
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Operant Conditioning ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

scholarly journals Persistent beneficial impact of H-reflex conditioning in spinal cord-injured rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (10) ◽  
pp. 2374-2381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Jonathan R. Wolpaw ◽  
Xiang Yang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Spinal Reflex ◽  
Spinal Cord Regeneration ◽  
Lateral Column ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
The Right ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

Operant conditioning of a spinal cord reflex can improve locomotion in rats and humans with incomplete spinal cord injury. This study examined the persistence of its beneficial effects. In rats in which a right lateral column contusion injury had produced asymmetric locomotion, up-conditioning of the right soleus H-reflex eliminated the asymmetry while down-conditioning had no effect. After the 50-day conditioning period ended, the H-reflex was monitored for 100 [±9 (SD)] (range 79–108) more days and locomotion was then reevaluated. After conditioning ended in up-conditioned rats, the H-reflex continued to increase, and locomotion continued to improve. In down-conditioned rats, the H-reflex decrease gradually disappeared after conditioning ended, and locomotion at the end of data collection remained as impaired as it had been before and immediately after down-conditioning. The persistence (and further progression) of H-reflex increase but not H-reflex decrease in these spinal cord-injured rats is consistent with the fact that up-conditioning improved their locomotion while down-conditioning did not. That is, even after up-conditioning ended, the up-conditioned H-reflex pathway remained adaptive because it improved locomotion. The persistence and further enhancement of the locomotor improvement indicates that spinal reflex conditioning protocols might supplement current therapies and enhance neurorehabilitation. They may be especially useful when significant spinal cord regeneration becomes possible and precise methods for retraining the regenerated spinal cord are needed.

Effects of conditioning cutaneomuscular stimulation on the soleus H-reflex in normal and spastic paretic subjects during walking and standing

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 2090-2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fung ◽  
H. Barbeau
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Conditioning Stimulus ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
H Reflex ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Inhibitory Influence ◽  
Sensory Threshold ◽  
Injured Patients ◽  
Spinal Cord Injured

1. The modulation of the soleus H-reflex by a conditioning cutaneomuscular stimulation was investigated in 10 normal and 10 spastic paretic subjects who suffered from incomplete spinal cord lesions. The different motor tasks examined were standing, locomotion, and the maintenance of static limb postures to mimic critical gait events. The test soleus H-reflex was obtained by stimulating the tibial nerve in the popliteal fossa with a single 1-ms pulse at an intensity that produced a barely detectable M wave. The conditioning stimulus, consisting of an 11-ms train of three 1-ms pulses at 200 Hz, was delivered to the ipsilateral medial plantar arch, stimulating predominantly the medial plantar nerve, at an innocuous intensity of 2.5–3.0 X sensory threshold and at a conditioning-test delay of 45 ms. 2. During quiet standing, the H-reflex amplitude was inhibited only marginally by the conditioning cutaneomuscular stimulation, not reaching statistical significance in either the normal or spastic group of subjects. Although there was a trend of reflex inhibition in the normal subjects as the conditioning intensity was increased, a reversed trend of reflex facilitation was observed in the spastic patients. 3. During treadmill walking, the conditioned H-reflex was inhibited significantly during all phases in all the normal subjects and in one mildly impaired patient. In the moderately and severely impaired patients, cutaneomuscular stimulation selectively inhibited the soleus H-reflex in the early stance and swing phases, thereby producing a near normal phasic modulation pattern. Such modulatory effects were not present under static gait-mimicking conditions. 4. The task-specific and phase-dependent effects of cutaneomuscular stimulation on the soleus H-reflex in the spinal cord-injured patients revealed strong inhibitory influence on Ia afferents from cutaneomuscular inputs. It is plausible that inhibition occurs at both pre- and postsynaptic levels. 5. It is concluded that normal Ia modulatory mechanisms during locomotion are deficient in spastic spinal cord-injured patients and can partially and artificially be restored by cutaneomuscular stimulation applied to the sole of the foot. This can be used as a functional electrical stimulation (FES) regime in gait rehabilitation.

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