Pulsed field gel electrophoresis of chromosomal DNA reveals a clonal population structure toBacillus thuringiensisthat relates in general to crystal protein gene content

2003 ◽  
Vol 223 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelaida M Gaviria Rivera ◽  
Fergus G Priest
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Crystal Protein ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Clonal Population ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clonal Population Structure

scholarly journals Clonal Population Structure and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter jejuni in Chicken Meat from Belgium

2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (13) ◽  
pp. 4264-4272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Habib ◽  
William G. Miller ◽  
Mieke Uyttendaele ◽  
Kurt Houf ◽  
Lieven De Zutter
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Clonal Population ◽  
Clonal Population Structure ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most important causes of human diarrhea worldwide. In the present work, multilocus sequence typing was used to study the genotypic diversity of 145 C. jejuni isolates from 135 chicken meat preparations sampled across Belgium. Isolates were further typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and their susceptibilities to six antimicrobials were determined. Fifty-seven sequence types (STs) were identified; 26.8% of the total typed isolates were ST-50, ST-45, or ST-257, belonging to clonal complex CC-21, CC-45, or CC-257, respectively. One clonal group comprised 22% (32/145) of all isolates, originating from five different companies and isolated over seven sampling months. Additionally, 53.1% of C. jejuni isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, and 48.2% were resistant to tetracycline; 28.9% (42/145) of all isolates were resistant to both ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. The correlation between certain C. jejuni clonal groups and resistance to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was notable. C. jejuni isolates assigned to CC-21 (n = 35) were frequently resistant to ciprofloxacin (65.7%) and tetracycline (40%); however, 90% (18/20) of the isolates assigned to CC-45 were pansusceptible. The present study demonstrates that certain C. jejuni genotypes recur frequently in the chicken meat supply. The results of molecular typing, combined with data on sample sources, indicate a possible dissemination of C. jejuni clones with high resistance to ciprofloxacin and/or tetracycline. Whether certain clonal groups are common in the environment and repeatedly infect Belgian broiler flocks or whether they have the potential to persist on farms or in slaughterhouses needs further investigation.

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis applied for comparing Listeria monocytogenes strains involved in outbreaks

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Buchrieser ◽  
R. Brosch ◽  
B. Catimel ◽  
J. Rocourt
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Restriction Patterns ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Dna Restriction Fragments ◽  
Dna Restriction

Recent food-borne outbreaks of human listeriosis as well as numerous sporadic cases have been mainly caused by Listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b strains. Thus, it was of interest to find out whether a certain clone or a certain few clones were responsible for these cases and especially for outbreaks., We used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of large chromosomal DNA restriction fragments generated by ApaI, SmaI, or NotI to analyse 75 L. monocytogenes strains isolated during six major and eight smaller recent listeriosis outbreaks. These strains could be divided into 20 different genomic varieties. Thirteen of 14 strains isolated during major epidemics in Switzerland (1983–1987), the United States (California, 1985) and Denmark (1985–1987) demonstrated indistinguishable DNA restriction patterns. In contrast, strains responsible for the outbreaks in Canada (Nova Scotia, 1981), the United States (Massachusetts, 1983), France (Anjou, 1975–1976), New Zealand (1969), and Austria (1986) and some smaller outbreaks in France (1987, 1988, 1989) were each characterized by particular combinations of DNA restriction patterns. Seventy-seven percent of the tested strains could be classified into the previously described ApaI group A (Brosch et al. 1991), demonstrating a very close genomic relatedness. Because 49% of the epidemic strains selected for this study belonged to phagovar 2389/2425/3274/2671/47/108/340 or 2389/47/108/340, fifty-six additional strains of these phagovars, isolated from various origins, were also typed to determine whether differences in DNA restriction profiles between epidemic and randomly selected strains of the same phagovars could be pointed out. Variations in DNA patterns appeared more frequently within randomly selected strains than within epidemic strains.Key words: Listeria monocytogenes, listeriosis, typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, epidemic.

scholarly journals Pulsed field gel electrophoresis reveals chromosome length and number differences in Brazilian strains of Metarhizium Anisopliae

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Kava-Cordeiro ◽  
Marisa Vieira de Queiroz ◽  
Aline Aparecida Pizzirani-Kleiner ◽  
João Lúcio Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Parasexual Cycle ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Chromosome Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Type Strains

Electrophoretic karyotypes of eight wild-type strains of Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae were obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. These strains were isolated from insects of six different Brazilian states. The chromosomal DNA molecules of three strains were separated into seven bands and of five strains into eight bands. Chromosome length polymorphisms were also observed. The size of the chromosomal DNA of all strains varied between 7.7 and 0.9 Mb using the Aspergillus nidulans chromosomes as size standards. The total genome size of these strains was estimated in at least 29.7 Mb. Some correlations between differences in karyotype and occurrence of parasexual cycle likewise the host specificity were discussed.

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of aeromonads isolated from healthy and diseasedHelix aspersafrom French snail farms

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 817-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
M B Kiebre-Toe ◽  
A Lacheretz ◽  
L Villard ◽  
Y Richard ◽  
A Kodjo
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Aeromonas Caviae ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Epizootic Disease

The XbaI digestion patterns of chromosomal DNA of 42 aeromonads isolated from French breeding snails during a new epizootic disease, which rapidly progressed to death during the summer of 1994, were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Biochemical identification to species level was also performed. Interestingly, we found that 76% of the aeromonads isolated from diseased snails clustered into a unique pulsotype (P1) whatever their geographic origin, and were assessed to belong to Aeromonas hydrophila. Other strains belonged to Aeromonas caviae or remained unspecified. Our results provide retrospective supplementary epidemiological evidence for implication of A. hydrophila strains in the snail summer disease.Key words: breeding snails, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Aeromonas.

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