Comorbidity of dsm-iii-r personality disorders in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders: a comparative study

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 316-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Oulis ◽  
L Lykouras ◽  
J Hatzimanolis ◽  
V Tomaras
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Patient Groups

SummaryWe investigated the overall prevalence and the differential comorbidity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM)-III-R personality disorders in 166 remitted or recovered patients with schizophrenic (n = 102) or unipolar mood disorder (n = 64). Over 60% of both patient groups met the DSM-III-R criteria of at least one DSM-III-R personality disorder as assessed by means of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-II-R), receiving on average 3.1 personality diagnoses. Neither DSM-III-R categories of personality disorders, nor scores on its three clusters A, B and C, nor total score on SCID-II-R differed significantly across the two groups. In conclusion, DSM-III-R personality disorders, although highly prevalent in schizophrenic and unipolar mood disorders, lack any specificity with respect to these categories of mental disorders.

ICD-11 and DSM-5 personality trait domains capture categorical personality disorders: Finding a common ground

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Bach ◽  
Martin Sellbom ◽  
Mathias Skjernov ◽  
Erik Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Domain Models

Objective: The five personality disorder trait domains in the proposed International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition are comparable in terms of Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism/Dissociality and Disinhibition. However, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model includes a separate domain of Anankastia, whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition model includes an additional domain of Psychoticism. This study examined associations of International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition trait domains, simultaneously, with categorical personality disorders. Method: Psychiatric outpatients ( N = 226) were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders Interview and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition trait domain scores were obtained using pertinent scoring algorithms for the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. Associations between categorical personality disorders and trait domains were examined using correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results: Both the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition domain models showed relevant continuity with categorical personality disorders and captured a substantial amount of their information. As expected, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model was superior in capturing obsessive–compulsive personality disorder, whereas the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition model was superior in capturing schizotypal personality disorder. Conclusion: These preliminary findings suggest that little information is ‘lost’ in a transition to trait domain models and potentially adds to narrowing the gap between Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition and the proposed International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition model. Accordingly, the International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition domain models may be used to delineate one another as well as features of familiar categorical personality disorder types. A preliminary category-to-domain ‘cross walk’ is provided in the article.

Pattern of Comorbidity Among Anxious and Odd Personality Disorders: The Case of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
Maria Grazia Marinangeli ◽  
Giancarlo Butti ◽  
Artemis Kalyvoka ◽  
Concetta Petruzzi
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Cluster A ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the pattern of comorbidity among obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) and other personality disorders (PDs) in a sample of 400 psychiatric inpatients. PDs were assessed using the Semistructured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (SCID-II). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to determine significant comorbidity among OCPD and other axis II disorders. The most elevated odds ratios were found for the cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A PDs (the “odd” PDs, or paranoid and schizoid PDs). These results are consistent with those of previous studies showing a higher cooccurrence of OCPD with cluster A than with cluster C (“anxious”) PDs. In light of these observations, issues associated with the nosologic status of OCPD within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders clustering system remain unsettled.

What is Comorbidity – Fact or Artefact?

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (S30) ◽  
pp. 7-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Ulrich Wittchen
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Icd 10

Comorbidity can be described broadly as the presence of more than one disorder in a person in a defined period of time (Wittchen & Essau, 1993). Stimulated by the introduction of explicit diagnostic criteria and operationalised diagnoses in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM–III; APA, 1980) and the Diagnostic Criteria for Research in ICD–10 (WHO, 1991), numerous studies in the 1980s and early 1990s, have assessed the extent, the nature, and more recently, the implications of comorbidity for a better understanding of mental disorders. Most studies investigated the association of anxiety and mood disorders, but increasingly there are also studies looking into the association of mood disorders with other disorders (such as somatoform and substance use disorders (Wittchen et al, 1993, 1996)) as well as with somatic conditions (axis II) and personality disorders (axis III).

The borderline pattern descriptor in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision: A redundant addition to classification

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1095-1100
Author(s):  
Roger T Mulder ◽  
L John Horwood ◽  
Peter Tyrer
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Objective: The International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision classification of personality disorder removes all categories of disorder in favour of a single diagnostic spectrum extending from no personality dysfunction to severe personality disorder. Following concerns from some clinicians and Personality Disorder Societies, it was subsequently agreed to include a borderline pattern descriptor as a qualifier of the main diagnosis. We explore the value of this additional descriptor by examining personality data in patients with major depression. Method: We examined personality data obtained using the Structured Clinical Interview for Personality Disorder-II in 606 patients enrolled in five randomised controlled trials of depression. The Structured Clinical Interview for Personality Disorder-II uses the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders categorical system, which includes borderline personality disorder. The International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision classification has five domain traits. Each of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders personality disorder symptoms or behaviours from Structured Clinical Interview for Personality Disorder-II was reordered into the five domains independently by two assessors. The relationship between the two systems was examined by tabular and correlational analysis. Results: The findings showed that the symptoms of borderline personality disorder were associated with greater severity of personality disturbance in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision classification ( p < 0.0001) and were associated primarily with the Negative Affective, Dissocial and Disinhibited domains. There was only a weak association with the other two domains, Anankastia and Detachment. Conclusion: The addition of a borderline pattern descriptor is likely to add little to the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision classification of personality disorder. Its features are well represented within the severity/domain structure, which allows for more fine-grained description of the personality features that constitute the borderline concept.

Mood Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 322-325
Author(s):  
Simon Kung
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Mood disorders—depressive and bipolar disorders—are the second most common set of psychiatric disorders, behind anxiety disorders. The lifetime prevalence of any mood disorder in US adults is approximately 20%, and the 12-month prevalence is approximately 10%. Although depressive disorders and bipolar disorder have been split into 2 chapters in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition), the criteria have stayed the same as in its Fourth Edition, Text Revision while the terminology has changed slightly.

Latent structure of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition personality disorder criteria

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Nestadt ◽  
Fang-Chi Hsu ◽  
Jack Samuels ◽  
O. Joseph Bienvenu ◽  
Irving Reti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Latent Structure ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Social Anxiety and Premorbid Personality Disorders in Paranoid Schizophrenic Patients Treated With Clozapine

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Pallanti ◽  
Leonardo Quercioli ◽  
Adolfo Pazzagli
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

AbstractThe concept of anxiety as a distinct comorbid disorder in schizophrenia has recently been rediscovered after having been neglected for a long period of time due to both theoretical and clinical approaches adopted from the appearance of the first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in 1950. This rediscovery was accentuated by the fact that the concept of comorbidity in various psychiatric disorders has recently won widespread favor within the scientific community, and that the use of atypical neuroleptic medication to treat patients with schizophrenia has been reported to lead to the emergence of anxiety symptoms. Of the atypical neuroleptic medications used to treat schizophrenia, clozapine has most frequently been reported to induce anxiety symptoms. In this paper, 12 cases of patients with paranoid schizophrenia who developed social phobia during clozapine treatment are reported, and their response to fluoxetine augmentation is assessed. Premorbid personality disorders were also investigated; patients were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R—Patient Version and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (DSM-III-R=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition Revised; DSM-IV=Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition). In addition, the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), the Frankfurt Beschwerde Fragebogen (Frankfurt Questionnaire of Complaints), and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale were used to rate clinical symptomatology. All patients were reevaluated after 12 weeks of cotreatment with clozapine and fluoxetine. In 8 (66.6%) of the 12 cases, symptoms responded (≥35% LSAS score reduction) to an adjunctive regimen of fluoxetine. Furthermore, in 7 (58.3%) of the 12 cases, an anxious personality disorder (avoidant=33.3%; dependent=25%) was identified, but no significant differences in the prevalence of comorbid personality disorders emerged in comparison with a group of 16 patients with paranoid schizophrenia treated with clozapine who did not show symptoms of social phobia. The clinical relevance of the assessment and treatment of anxiety disorders is discussed in light of a clinical therapeutic approach that overcomes the implicit hierarchy of classification. Considering that the onset of anxiety-spectrum disorders (such as social phobia) can occur during the remission of psychotic symptoms in clozapine-treated patients with schizophrenia, a comprehensive approach to pharmacological therapy for patients with schizophrenia (or, at least for those treated with clozapine) should be adopted.

scholarly journals How Well Does the DSM-5 Capture Schizoaffective Disorder?

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 607-610
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5

Schizoaffective disorder has long been recognized and quite variably defined. It has been variably positioned as a discrete entity, a variant of either schizophrenia or of a mood disorder, as simply reflecting the co-occurrence of schizophrenia and a mood disorder, and effectively reflecting a diagnosis along a continuum linking schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. This article considers historical views, some empirical data that advance consideration of its status, and focuses on its classification in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5). DSM-5 criteria seemingly weight it in the direction of a schizophrenic illness, as do some empirical studies, whereas the empirical literature examining the response to lithium links it more closely to bipolar disorder. It is suggested that DSM-5’s B and C criteria are operationally unfeasible. Some suggestions are provided for a simpler definition.

Chronic pain and the psychiatrist

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
B. Van Houdenhove
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

SUMMARYChronic pain is a phenomenon with important psychiatric aspects from a diagnostic as well as a therapeutic point of view. The place of chronic pain in the different versions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, and the differential-diagnosis are critically discussed. The comorbidity with depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse and personality disorders is extensively treated. Finally, the essential role of the psychiatrist in the multidisciplinary therapeutic approach of these patients is emphasised.

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