scholarly journals Interleukin-8 and leukotriene B4 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from HIV-infected patients with bacterial pneumonia

1997 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Krarup ◽  
J. Vestbo ◽  
T.L. Benfield ◽  
J.D. Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Leukotriene B4 ◽  
Interleukin 8

scholarly journals Blood Cultures and Blood Microbiota Analysis as Surrogates for Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Analysis in Dogs With Bacterial Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Vientós-Plotts ◽  
A. C. Ericsson ◽  
H. Rindt ◽  
C. R. Reinero
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Bacterial Gene ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture

Abstract Background Diagnosis of canine bacterial pneumonia relies on airway lavage to confirm septic, suppurative inflammation, and a positive bacterial culture. Considering risks of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collection, minimally invasive methods like culture or next generation sequencing of blood would be appealing. In dogs with bacterial pneumonia, our study aims included: (1) determining proportion of agreement between cultivable bacteria in BALF and blood; (2) characterizing BALF, blood, and oropharyngeal (OP) microbiota and determining if bacteria cultured from BALF were present in these communities; and (3) comparing relatedness of microbial community composition at all three sites. Bacterial cultures were performed on BALF and blood. After DNA extraction of BALF, blood and OP, 16S rRNA amplicon libraries were generated, sequenced, and compared to a bacterial gene sequence database. Results Disregarding one false positive, blood cultures were positive in 2/9 dogs (5 total isolates), all 5 isolates were present in BALF cultures (16 total isolates). Based on sequencing data, all sites had rich and diverse microbial communities. Comparing cultured BALF bacterial genera with sequenced taxa, all dogs had ≥ 1 cultured isolate present in their microbiota: cultured BALF isolates were found in microbiota of BALF (12/16), blood (7/16), and OP (6/11; only 7 dogs had OP swabs). Of 394 distinct taxa detected in BALF, these were present in 75% OP and 45% blood samples. BALF community composition was significantly different than OP (p = 0.0059) and blood (p = 0.0009). Conclusions Blood cultures are insensitive but specific for cultured BALF bacteria in canine bacterial pneumonia. Cultivable BALF bacteria were present in BALF, blood and OP microbiota to differing degrees.

Initial recruitment of neutrophils to alveolar structures in acute lung injury

1991 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Kindt ◽  
J. E. Gadek ◽  
J. E. Weiland
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Neutrophil Influx ◽  
Lung Lymph

The adult respiratory distress syndrome and bacterial pneumonia are both characterized by an influx of neutrophils into the lung. The neutrophil has been implicated as having a “pathological” role in adult respiratory distress syndrome, in contrast to its role in bacterial pneumonia. We hypothesized that processes resulting in neutrophil recruitment to the lung are distinct, depending on whether the inflammatory stimulus arises in the intravascular or the alveolar compartment of the lung. Anesthetized sheep with lung lymph fistulas were utilized to access the three compartments of the lung relevant to studies of transpulmonary neutrophil migration. Serum, lung lymph, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were studied for neutrophil influx and chemotactic activity before and after administration of endotoxin by either an intravascular or inhaled alveolar route. Both groups developed significant neutrophil influx into the lymph and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by 3 h postendotoxin. Those animals receiving intravascular endotoxin developed chemotactic gradients opposing neutrophil migration into the lung in contrast to animals receiving alveolar endotoxin, suggesting that neutrophil influx into the lung occurs by random migration.

scholarly journals Immunomodulating Effects of HMR 3004 on Pulmonary Inflammation Caused by Heat-Killed Streptococcus pneumoniae in Mice

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 3309-3312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Duong ◽  
Marie Simard ◽  
Yves Bergeron ◽  
Nathalie Ouellet ◽  
Mélanie Côté-Richer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bacterial Pneumonia ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Lung Edema

ABSTRACT We investigated the influence of HMR 3004, a new ketolide antibiotic, on the pulmonary inflammation induced by heat-killed fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Streptococcus pneumoniae. HMR 3004 downregulated (P < 0.05) the pneumococcus-induced release of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and nitric oxide in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The drug limited (P < 0.05) neutrophil recruitment to lung tissues and alveoli but did not interfere with phagocytosis. HMR 3004 totally abrogated lung edema. By reducing inflammation in addition to possessing antimicrobial properties, HMR 3004 may participate in improving the outcome of bacterial pneumonia.

scholarly journals The effect of induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on neutrophil migration in vitro

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnė Babušytė ◽  
Jolanta Jeroch ◽  
Rimantas Stakauskas ◽  
Kristina Stravinskaitė ◽  
Kęstutis Malakauskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Neutrophil Migration ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Induced Sputum ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Copd Patients

Objective. The aim of study was to investigate a chemotactic effect of induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid on blood neutrophils in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy individuals. Material and methods. Forty-three smokers with COPD, 19 ex-smokers with COPD, 13 healthy smokers, and 17 healthy nonsmokers were recruited to the study. Neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood of study individuals. For the same experimental conditions, pooled induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 20 COPD patients were used. Neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro was performed in cell-transmigration chamber. Substances tested for chemoattraction (interleukin-8, induced sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid directly or in addition to interleukin-8) were added to lower wells. Upper wells were filled with 2.5×106/mL of neutrophil culture and incubated for 2 hours. Migration was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results. Interleukin-8 (10–100 ng/mL) induced a dose-dependant neutrophil migration in all the groups. Only 100 ng/L of interleukin-8 induced more intensive chemotaxis of neutrophils from COPD smokers as compared to ex-smokers (P<0.05). Such difference between healthy individuals was obtained using 30 ng/mL of interleukin-8 (P<0.05). Induced sputum/interleukin-8 (10–100 ng/mL), as well as induced sputum directly, induced neutrophil migration (P<0.05). Chemotaxis of neutrophils isolated from COPD patients and healthy nonsmokers did not depend on additional interleukin-8 concentration. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid/interleukin-8 (30–100 ng/mL) induced more intensive migration of neutrophils from COPD patients than bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P<0.05) alone. Conclusions. Migration of neutrophils isolated from patients with COPD was more intensive compared to healthy individuals. Induced sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid directly and with addition of interleukin-8 stimulated chemotaxis, and it was higher in neutrophils from COPD patients. Migration of neutrophils did not depend on smoking status.

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